Question 1

The size at which a population stabilizes in a particular place is defined as the __________ for that species.

Accepted Answer

A) growth potential 
B) optimum 
C) range 
D) carrying capacity 
A) growth potential 
B) optimum 
C) range 
D) carrying capacity

Question 2

Examples of organisms showing K-selected adaptations include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) dandelions. 
B) whooping cranes. 
C) whales. 
D) humans. 
E) coconut palms. 
A) dandelions. 
B) whooping cranes. 
C) whales. 
D) humans. 
E) coconut palms.

Question 3

Many times species are composed of networks of distinct populations called metapopulations.Metapopulations occur in areas where

Accepted Answer

A) a population in better habitats continually sends out dispersers to bolster populations in poorer habitats. 
B) a population in poor habitat continually sends out dispersers to bolster populations in better habitats. 
C) a population in better habitats does not send out colonizers into poorer habitats. 
D) suitable habitat is patchily distributed and separated by areas of unsuitable habitat. 
A) a population in better habitats continually sends out dispersers to bolster populations in poorer habitats. 
B) a population in poor habitat continually sends out dispersers to bolster populations in better habitats. 
C) a population in better habitats does not send out colonizers into poorer habitats. 
D) suitable habitat is patchily distributed and separated by areas of unsuitable habitat.

Question 4

A small group of mice are released on an island without mice but with abundant food for mice and no predators.Initially,the growth of the mouse population will be limited mainly by

Accepted Answer

A) the carrying capacity. 
B) its birth rate. 
C) its biotic potential. 
D) only density-dependent factors. 
E) only independent-dependent factors. 
A) the carrying capacity. 
B) its birth rate. 
C) its biotic potential. 
D) only density-dependent factors. 
E) only independent-dependent factors.

Question 5

You construct a life table for a plant species and find that in all cases about the same proportion of the cohort survive to the beginning of the next time interval.Such a plant would have

Accepted Answer

A) a Type I survivorship curve. 
B) a Type II survivorship curve. 
C) a Type III survivorship curve. 
D) a semelparous life history adaptation. 
E) populations regulated by density-independent events. 
A) a Type I survivorship curve. 
B) a Type II survivorship curve. 
C) a Type III survivorship curve. 
D) a semelparous life history adaptation. 
E) populations regulated by density-independent events.

Question 6

Select the description of a population pyramid for a population that has the largest potential for exponential growth.

Accepted Answer

A) broad at the base,narrow at the top,with more females than males 
B) broad at the base,narrow at the top,with more males than females 
C) uniform at all age classes,with more females than males 
D) broad at the top,narrow at the base,with more males than females 
E) broad at the top,narrow at the base,with more females than males 
A) broad at the base,narrow at the top,with more females than males 
B) broad at the base,narrow at the top,with more males than females 
C) uniform at all age classes,with more females than males 
D) broad at the top,narrow at the base,with more males than females 
E) broad at the top,narrow at the base,with more females than males

Question 7

Which one of the following is not a correct distinction about source-sink metapopulations?

Accepted Answer

A) Source populations usually occupy better habitats. 
B) Source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
C) Sink populations near source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
D) Sink populations without access to immigrants from source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
E) The emigration rate from source populations exceeds that from sink populations. 
A) Source populations usually occupy better habitats. 
B) Source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
C) Sink populations near source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
D) Sink populations without access to immigrants from source populations are less likely to go extinct. 
E) The emigration rate from source populations exceeds that from sink populations.

Question 8

The figure included shows the body temperature of lizards versus air temperature in two different habitats-open and shaded forest.Which one of the following conclusions is best supported by these data.

Accepted Answer

A) Lizards are more active in open habitats. 
B) Lizards sunbath more in open habitats. 
C) Lizards in shaded forest habitats eat more to maintain their temperature. 
D) The body temperature of lizards is more constant in open than in shaded forest habitats. 
E) The negative effect of air temperature on body temperature is less in shaded forest habitats because the temperature varies less therE. 
A) Lizards are more active in open habitats. 
B) Lizards sunbath more in open habitats. 
C) Lizards in shaded forest habitats eat more to maintain their temperature. 
D) The body temperature of lizards is more constant in open than in shaded forest habitats. 
E) The negative effect of air temperature on body temperature is less in shaded forest habitats because the temperature varies less therE.

Question 9

The human population growth rate has declined over the past 30 years.This means

Accepted Answer

A) improved status of women and increased family planning have had an effect. 
B) actual population numbers of humans are declining in nearly all countries. 
C) density-dependent factors have taken effect as we neared our carrying capacity. 
D) density-independent factors have taken effect as we neared our carrying capacity. 
E) all of thesE. 
A) improved status of women and increased family planning have had an effect. 
B) actual population numbers of humans are declining in nearly all countries. 
C) density-dependent factors have taken effect as we neared our carrying capacity. 
D) density-independent factors have taken effect as we neared our carrying capacity. 
E) all of thesE.

Question 10

The trade-off between investments in current reproduction and in growth that promotes future reproduction is referred to as the total cost of

Accepted Answer

A) adaptation. 
B) selection. 
C) reproduction. 
D) genetic change. 
E) fitness. 
A) adaptation. 
B) selection. 
C) reproduction. 
D) genetic change. 
E) fitness.

Question 11

A community and the nonliving factors with which it interacts is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) population. 
B) race. 
C) cline. 
D) environment. 
E) ecosystem. 
A) population. 
B) race. 
C) cline. 
D) environment. 
E) ecosystem.

Question 12

A small group of mice are released on an island without mice but with abundant food for mice and no predators.When the population stabilizes

Accepted Answer

A) the birth rate is zero. 
B) the birth rate plus the death rate is zero. 
C) the population has reached its biotic potential. 
D) the population size equals the carrying capacity. 
E) the intrinsic rate of increase is zero. 
A) the birth rate is zero. 
B) the birth rate plus the death rate is zero. 
C) the population has reached its biotic potential. 
D) the population size equals the carrying capacity. 
E) the intrinsic rate of increase is zero.

Question 13

Some population parameters vary directly (as one increases,the second increases)and some vary inversely (as one increases,the second decreases)with population density.Which one of the following would be expected to vary inversely with population density?

Accepted Answer

A) mortality (death)rate 
B) fecundity (birth)rate 
C) intraspecific competition 
D) predation 
E) parasitism 
A) mortality (death)rate 
B) fecundity (birth)rate 
C) intraspecific competition 
D) predation 
E) parasitism

Question 14

An example of clumped distribution of a population is

Accepted Answer

A) an introduction of a new species into a new environment. 
B) a herd of antelope. 
C) a behavioral interaction between two members of the same species. 
D) not very common in nature. 
A) an introduction of a new species into a new environment. 
B) a herd of antelope. 
C) a behavioral interaction between two members of the same species. 
D) not very common in nature.

Question 15

All of the following apply to density-dependent factors except that they

Accepted Answer

A) affect the size of the population. 
B) act to regulate population growth. 
C) ultimately cause adaptation as competition for limiting factors increases. 
D) are especially important in K-selected populations. 
E) never involve biological interactions. 
A) affect the size of the population. 
B) act to regulate population growth. 
C) ultimately cause adaptation as competition for limiting factors increases. 
D) are especially important in K-selected populations. 
E) never involve biological interactions.

Question 16

Ranges of a population

Accepted Answer

A) are very fluid and change frequently in a random fashion. 
B) are stable and almost never change. 
C) only change after a disaster has wiped out a former range. 
D) change over time due to external events. 
E) only change due to iteroparity. 
A) are very fluid and change frequently in a random fashion. 
B) are stable and almost never change. 
C) only change after a disaster has wiped out a former range. 
D) change over time due to external events. 
E) only change due to iteroparity.

Question 17

A species whose population growth is not well described by the logistic growth equation is likely to have all of the following traits except

Accepted Answer

A) first reproduction is early in life. 
B) it has a long life span. 
C) it provides little parental care. 
D) semelparous reproduction. 
E) it produces many,small young. 
A) first reproduction is early in life. 
B) it has a long life span. 
C) it provides little parental care. 
D) semelparous reproduction. 
E) it produces many,small young.

Question 18

In the sigmoid growth curve,the number of individuals at any one time is

Accepted Answer

A) r. 
B) N. 
C) K. 
D) dN/dt. 
E) N/K. 
A) r. 
B) N. 
C) K. 
D) dN/dt. 
E) N/K.

Question 19

The Allee effect occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) a density-dependent factor decreases a population. 
B) a density-independent factor decreases a population. 
C) a density-dependent factor increases a population. 
D) a density-independent factor increases a population. 
E) a density-independent factor holds a population at its carrying capacity. 
A) a density-dependent factor decreases a population. 
B) a density-independent factor decreases a population. 
C) a density-dependent factor increases a population. 
D) a density-independent factor increases a population. 
E) a density-independent factor holds a population at its carrying capacity.

Question 20

Most density-dependent factors show negative feedback relative to population size.Which one of the following is more likely to show positive feedback relative to population size?

Accepted Answer

A) competition in small,sink populations 
B) competition in large,source populations 
C) fecundity in small,sink populations 
D) fecundity in large,source populations 
E) mortality in large,source populations 
A) competition in small,sink populations 
B) competition in large,source populations 
C) fecundity in small,sink populations 
D) fecundity in large,source populations 
E) mortality in large,source populations

Exam 56: Population Ecology

The size at which a population stabilizes in a particular place is defined as the __________ for that species.

Examples of organisms showing K-selected adaptations include all of the following except

Many times species are composed of networks of distinct populations called metapopulations.Metapopulations occur in areas where

A small group of mice are released on an island without mice but with abundant food for mice and no predators.Initially,the growth of the mouse population will be limited mainly by

You construct a life table for a plant species and find that in all cases about the same proportion of the cohort survive to the beginning of the next time interval.Such a plant would have

Select the description of a population pyramid for a population that has the largest potential for exponential growth.

Which one of the following is not a correct distinction about source-sink metapopulations?

The figure included shows the body temperature of lizards versus air temperature in two different habitats-open and shaded forest.Which one of the following conclusions is best supported by these data.

The human population growth rate has declined over the past 30 years.This means

The trade-off between investments in current reproduction and in growth that promotes future reproduction is referred to as the total cost of

A community and the nonliving factors with which it interacts is called a(n)

A small group of mice are released on an island without mice but with abundant food for mice and no predators.When the population stabilizes

Some population parameters vary directly (as one increases,the second increases)and some vary inversely (as one increases,the second decreases)with population density.Which one of the following would be expected to vary inversely with population density?

An example of clumped distribution of a population is

All of the following apply to density-dependent factors except that they

Ranges of a population

A species whose population growth is not well described by the logistic growth equation is likely to have all of the following traits except

In the sigmoid growth curve,the number of individuals at any one time is

The Allee effect occurs when

Most density-dependent factors show negative feedback relative to population size.Which one of the following is more likely to show positive feedback relative to population size?

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