Exam 27: Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms

A phenotype workup is performed on a patient suspected to have ALL. The results indicate that some of the leukemic cells express myeloid markers, whereas others express T-cell markers. What is the most likely reason for this occurrence?

Define acute undifferentiated leukemia and explain why it is difficult to identify.

A 5-year-old patient has been diagnosed with Pre-B-cell ALL. Routine cytogenetic analysis confirms the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome. What does this mean for the patient?

As part of their disease progression, ALL patients are at risk for developing which of the following?

Which of the following is a classic morphologic finding in the peripheral blood in ALL?

Which of the following cytochemical stains would be most helpful in differentiating AML from ALL?

A patient with ALL underwent chemotherapy. Results from hematologic, cytogenetic, and molecular analyses indicated that the patient entered complete remission. Four years later, on routine follow-up, the peripheral blood results for the patient were in the normal range, and cytogenetic analysis revealed no abnormalities, but molecular analysis showed BCR/ABL1 transcripts that were found in the blasts at diagnosis 4 years ago. This patient can be said to:

A peripheral blood smear from a patient with acute leukemia displayed a homogeneous population of small blasts with scanty cytoplasm. Based on this information, which WHO classification is described?

The most common form of ALL relapse in children is:

Which of the following markers would be helpful in differentiating cortical T-cell ALL from medullary T-cell ALL?

What cytochemical stains are negative in ALL but positive in AML?

ALL most often arises from a defect in which of the following?

Which of the following cytochemical stains would be positive in this case?

Which phase of leukemia treatment is considered to induce complete remission of the disease, eradicating the leukemic blast population?

A patient, 2 years of age, presents with general fatigue, pallor, fever, and weight loss. The morphological exam reveals a normal leukocyte count, marked neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia with 35% blasts. A bone marrow smear reveals hypercellularity with neoplastic lymphoid cells. What immunophenotypic testing would be indicated for this patient?

Which leukemia reveals the laboratory findings of TdT+, CD7+, and CD3+?

The WHO defines acute lymphoblastic leukemia as having a blast count that is which of the following?

The WHO classification of subgroups of ALL uses which of these criteria to help define the categories?

Which of the following is a positive predictive factor in children with precursor B-ALL?

Define the phases and purposes of chemotherapy for ALL.