Question 1

What conditions can be caused by acquired nonfunctional hemoglobins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypoxia and iron in ferric state 
B)  Sulfhemoglobin production 
C)  Hypoxia and cyanosis 
D)  Decrease in deoxyhemoglobin 
A)  Hypoxia and iron in ferric state 
B)  Sulfhemoglobin production 
C)  Hypoxia and cyanosis 
D)  Decrease in deoxyhemoglobin C

Question 2

Choose the hemoglobin that has the highest oxygen affinity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hb A 
B)  Hb F 
C)  Methemoglobin 
D)  Sulfhemoglobin 
A)  Hb A 
B)  Hb F 
C)  Methemoglobin 
D)  Sulfhemoglobin B

Question 3

High concentrations of heme would cause which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A decrease in the synthesis of ALA 
B)  An increase in globin chain production 
C)  A decrease in globin chain production 
D)  An increase in ferrochelatase 
A)  A decrease in the synthesis of ALA 
B)  An increase in globin chain production 
C)  A decrease in globin chain production 
D)  An increase in ferrochelatase A

Question 4

What element is central to all the structures of a hemoglobin molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen 
B)  Iron 
C)  Water 
D)  Oxygen 
A)  Nitrogen 
B)  Iron 
C)  Water 
D)  Oxygen

Question 5

Which of the following conditions produces a favorable environment for hemoglobin to bind to oxygen? (Normal body temperature is <100°F; normal blood pH: 7.35-7.45.)

Accepted Answer

A)  A body temperature of 102°F 
B)  A high 2,3-BPG concentration 
C)  A blood pH of 7.31 
D)  High PO2 
A)  A body temperature of 102°F 
B)  A high 2,3-BPG concentration 
C)  A blood pH of 7.31 
D)  High PO2

Question 6

The majority of carbon dioxide is transported in the body:

Accepted Answer

A)  By dissolving in plasma 
B)  As carbonic acid 
C)  By binding to hemoglobin 
D)  As methemoglobin 
A)  By dissolving in plasma 
B)  As carbonic acid 
C)  By binding to hemoglobin 
D)  As methemoglobin

Question 7

An elevated hemoglobin A1C indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has an elevated hemoglobin 
B)  The patient is anemic 
C)  The patient's RBCs have been exposed to an elevated blood glucose for a prolonged period of time 
D)  The patient's RBCs need glucose 
A)  The patient has an elevated hemoglobin 
B)  The patient is anemic 
C)  The patient's RBCs have been exposed to an elevated blood glucose for a prolonged period of time 
D)  The patient's RBCs need glucose

Question 8

Which of the following is responsible for incorporating iron into the heme molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  ALA dehydrase 
B)  PBG deaminase 
C)  Uroporphyrinogen III 
D)  Ferrochelatase 
A)  ALA dehydrase 
B)  PBG deaminase 
C)  Uroporphyrinogen III 
D)  Ferrochelatase

Question 9

What structure within hemoglobin identifies the type of hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tetrameric molecule 
B)  Globin chain 
C)  Heme group 
D)  Salt bond 
A)  Tetrameric molecule 
B)  Globin chain 
C)  Heme group 
D)  Salt bond

Question 10

During extravascular hemolysis, which of the following hemoglobin components are physiologically recycled?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron and heme 
B)  Haptoglobin and heme 
C)  Iron and globin 
D)  Heme and globin 
A)  Iron and heme 
B)  Haptoglobin and heme 
C)  Iron and globin 
D)  Heme and globin

Question 11

Which of the following is a control for hemoglobin synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bohr effect 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Oxygen affinity 
D)  Activity of the heme enzyme (ALAS) 
A)  Bohr effect 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Oxygen affinity 
D)  Activity of the heme enzyme (ALAS)

Question 12

A high concentration of H+ ions will have what kind of effect on the oxygen dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  A shift to the left 
B)  No effect on the oxygen dissociation curve 
C)  A shift to the right 
D)  Cannot be determined based on information given 
A)  A shift to the left 
B)  No effect on the oxygen dissociation curve 
C)  A shift to the right 
D)  Cannot be determined based on information given

Question 13

Oxyhemoglobin is in the ________ configuration. This is achieved by the ________ of 2, 3-BPG.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tense; presence 
B)  Tense; absence 
C)  Relaxed; presence 
D)  Relaxed; absence 
A)  Tense; presence 
B)  Tense; absence 
C)  Relaxed; presence 
D)  Relaxed; absence

Question 14

Produce an oxygen dissociation curve that would reflect the following conditions and give an example of a condition that would cause these shifts.
a. A shift to the left
b. A shift to the right

Accepted Answer

a. Left shift; decreased H+, C

Question 15

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor has the ability to relax smooth muscle, dilate blood vessels, and:

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase oxygen affinity 
B)  Decrease oxygenation of tissues 
C)  Inhibit of platelet aggregation 
D)  Decrease formation of methemoglobin 
A)  Increase oxygen affinity 
B)  Decrease oxygenation of tissues 
C)  Inhibit of platelet aggregation 
D)  Decrease formation of methemoglobin

Question 16

Which of the following abnormal hemoglobins is formed when iron is in the ferric state?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxyhemoglobin 
B)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
C)  Methemoglobin 
D)  Sulfhemoglobin 
A)  Oxyhemoglobin 
B)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
C)  Methemoglobin 
D)  Sulfhemoglobin

Question 17

Which of the following is considered a normal hemoglobin concentration in an adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  9.1 g/dL 
B)  1.8 g/dL 
C)  21.2 g/dL 
D)  14.8 g/dL 
A)  9.1 g/dL 
B)  1.8 g/dL 
C)  21.2 g/dL 
D)  14.8 g/dL

Question 18

How is globin chain production regulated in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  By regulating the amount of heme produced 
B)  By regulating the amount of iron incorporated into the heme moiety 
C)  By regulating the number of RBCs produced 
D)  By regulating the rate of transcription for protein synthesis 
A)  By regulating the amount of heme produced 
B)  By regulating the amount of iron incorporated into the heme moiety 
C)  By regulating the number of RBCs produced 
D)  By regulating the rate of transcription for protein synthesis

Question 19

Fetal hemoglobin is composed of what two globin chains?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two alpha, two beta 
B)  Two alpha, two gamma 
C)  Two alpha, two delta 
D)  Four gamma 
A)  Two alpha, two beta 
B)  Two alpha, two gamma 
C)  Two alpha, two delta 
D)  Four gamma

Question 20

What two molecules condense to begin heme synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron and protoporphyrin IX 
B)  Ferrochelatase and ALA dehydrase 
C)  Succinyl CoA and glycine 
D)  PBG deaminase and ALA dehydrase 
A)  Iron and protoporphyrin IX 
B)  Ferrochelatase and ALA dehydrase 
C)  Succinyl CoA and glycine 
D)  PBG deaminase and ALA dehydrase

Exam 6: Hemoglobin

What conditions can be caused by acquired nonfunctional hemoglobins?

Choose the hemoglobin that has the highest oxygen affinity.

High concentrations of heme would cause which of the following?

What element is central to all the structures of a hemoglobin molecule?

Which of the following conditions produces a favorable environment for hemoglobin to bind to oxygen? (Normal body temperature is <100°F; normal blood pH: 7.35-7.45.)

The majority of carbon dioxide is transported in the body:

An elevated hemoglobin A1C indicates that:

Which of the following is responsible for incorporating iron into the heme molecule?

What structure within hemoglobin identifies the type of hemoglobin?

During extravascular hemolysis, which of the following hemoglobin components are physiologically recycled?

Which of the following is a control for hemoglobin synthesis?

A high concentration of H+ ions will have what kind of effect on the oxygen dissociation curve?

Oxyhemoglobin is in the ________ configuration. This is achieved by the ________ of 2, 3-BPG.

Produce an oxygen dissociation curve that would reflect the following conditions and give an example of a condition that would cause these shifts. a. A shift to the left b. A shift to the right

Endothelium-derived relaxing factor has the ability to relax smooth muscle, dilate blood vessels, and:

Which of the following abnormal hemoglobins is formed when iron is in the ferric state?

Which of the following is considered a normal hemoglobin concentration in an adult?

How is globin chain production regulated in the body?

Fetal hemoglobin is composed of what two globin chains?

What two molecules condense to begin heme synthesis?

Introduction

Cellular Homeostasis

Structure and Function of Hematopoietic Organs

Hematopoiesis

The Erythrocyte

Granulocytes and Monocytes

Lymphocytes

The Platelet

The Complete Blood Count and Peripheral Blood Smear Evaluation

Introduction to Anemia

Anemias of Disordered Iron Metabolism and Heme Synthesis

Hemoglobinopathies: Qualitative Defects

Thalassemia

Megaloblastic and Nonmegaloblastic Macrocytic Anemias

Hypoproliferative Anemias

Hemolytic Anemia: Membrane Defects

Hemolytic Anemia: Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemia: Immune Anemias

Hemolytic Anemia: Nonimmune Defects

Nonmalignant Disorders of Leukocytes: Granulocytes and Monocytes

Nonmalignant Lymphocyte Disorders

Introduction to Hematopoietic Neoplasms

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Myeloid Leukemias

Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Morphologic Analysis of Body Fluids in the Hematology

Primary Hemostasis

Secondary Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis

Disorders of Secondary Hemostasis

Thrombophilia

Hemostasis: Laboratory Testing and Instrumentation

Hematology Procedures

Bone Marrow Examination

Automation in Hematology

Flow Cytometry

Chromosome Analysis of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Disorders

Molecular Analysis of Hematologic Diseases

Quality Assessment in the Hematology Laboratory

Filters

Oxyhemoglobin is in the configuration. This is achieved by the of 2, 3-BPG.