Question 1

A blood sample from a 5-month-old infant indicates a WBC count of 12.5 109/L with 65% lymphocytes. What can you conclude from this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant is normal. 
B)  The infant has an infection as indicated by the elevated WBC count. 
C)  The infant has a malignancy in the lymphocyte lineage. 
D)  There is not enough information to draw accurate conclusions. 
A)  The infant is normal. 
B)  The infant has an infection as indicated by the elevated WBC count. 
C)  The infant has a malignancy in the lymphocyte lineage. 
D)  There is not enough information to draw accurate conclusions. A

Question 2

An instrument printout on an adult shows a normal WBC count with a lymphocyte count of 30%. What can be concluded from this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient is suffering from an infection. 
B)  There is a normal lymphocyte concentration. 
C)  The patient is an infant. 
D)  The patient has leukemia. 
A)  The patient is suffering from an infection. 
B)  There is a normal lymphocyte concentration. 
C)  The patient is an infant. 
D)  The patient has leukemia. B

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of T lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phagocytosis of bacteria 
B)  Antibody synthesis 
C)  Cytokine secretion 
D)  Few in number within peripheral blood 
A)  Phagocytosis of bacteria 
B)  Antibody synthesis 
C)  Cytokine secretion 
D)  Few in number within peripheral blood C

Question 4

List the subtypes of lymphocytes in normal adult peripheral blood from most numerous to least numerous.

Accepted Answer

T cells: 70%
CD4+: 6

Question 5

Which cell line matures and differentiates upon exposure to antigen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophilic 
B)  Basophilic 
C)  Monocytic 
D)  Lymphocytic 
A)  Neutrophilic 
B)  Basophilic 
C)  Monocytic 
D)  Lymphocytic

Question 6

Natural killer cells recognize and kill antigens with attached IgG. This mechanism is described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Phagocytosis 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity 
D)  Innate immune response 
A)  Phagocytosis 
B)  Cyanosis 
C)  Antibody-dependent cell-mediated toxicity 
D)  Innate immune response

Question 7

Which two CD markers are used to differentiate helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  CD1 and CD3 
B)  CD4 and CD8 
C)  CD10 and CD19 
D)  BCR and TCR 
A)  CD1 and CD3 
B)  CD4 and CD8 
C)  CD10 and CD19 
D)  BCR and TCR

Question 8

The commitment of a lymphocyte precursor cell to a T lymphocyte can be defined based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  Rearrangement of the gene loci for the TCR 
B)  Rearrangement of the immunoglobulin gene 
C)  Presence of CD 19 and CD 10 by flow cytometry 
D)  Presence of TdT 
A)  Rearrangement of the gene loci for the TCR 
B)  Rearrangement of the immunoglobulin gene 
C)  Presence of CD 19 and CD 10 by flow cytometry 
D)  Presence of TdT

Question 9

Which of the following terms describes an absolute increase in the number of lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutropenia 
B)  Eosinophilia 
C)  Leukocytosis 
D)  Lymphocytosis 
A)  Neutropenia 
B)  Eosinophilia 
C)  Leukocytosis 
D)  Lymphocytosis

Question 10

Compare and contrast the five isotypes of immunoglobulins. Include structure, function, and leukocyte interaction in your answer.

Accepted Answer

IgG: monomer with two heavy and two ligh

Question 11

Describe the immunologic features and functions of NK cells.

Accepted Answer

NK cells are effector cells of innate im

Question 12

Reactive lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in that the reactive form can exhibit:

Accepted Answer

A)  Vacuoles, a scalloped cell shape and an increase in basophilic cytoplasm 
B)  Condensed nuclear pattern with light pink cytoplasm 
C)  Many granules, deep basophilic cytoplasm, and blast-like nucleus 
D)  Condensed nuclear chromatin, eccentric nucleus, and deep blue cytoplasm 
A)  Vacuoles, a scalloped cell shape and an increase in basophilic cytoplasm 
B)  Condensed nuclear pattern with light pink cytoplasm 
C)  Many granules, deep basophilic cytoplasm, and blast-like nucleus 
D)  Condensed nuclear chromatin, eccentric nucleus, and deep blue cytoplasm

Question 13

What is the difference between polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies? List examples of disorders that generate each type of antibody in your answer.

Accepted Answer

Polyclonal antibodies are in a group of

Question 14

Which of the following is found on early T-cell precursors?

Accepted Answer

A)  CD2 
B)  CD4 
C)  CD8 
D)  CD34 
A)  CD2 
B)  CD4 
C)  CD8 
D)  CD34

Question 15

A blood sample from a 40-year-old white female has a WBC count of 10.2 109/L and a lymphocyte percentage of 47%. What can be concluded from this?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has both a relative and an absolute lymphocytosis. 
B)  The patient has only a relative lymphocytosis. 
C)  The patient has only an absolute lymphocytosis. 
D)  The relative and absolute counts are normal. 
A)  The patient has both a relative and an absolute lymphocytosis. 
B)  The patient has only a relative lymphocytosis. 
C)  The patient has only an absolute lymphocytosis. 
D)  The relative and absolute counts are normal.

Question 16

Which of the following describes the components used to construct an immunoglobulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 heavy chains 
B)  2 light chains 
C)  5 identical heavy chains with 2 identical light chains 
D)  2 identical heavy chains with 2 identical light chains 
A)  5 heavy chains 
B)  2 light chains 
C)  5 identical heavy chains with 2 identical light chains 
D)  2 identical heavy chains with 2 identical light chains

Question 17

T, B, and NK lymphocytes can be differentiated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Morphology 
B)  Flow cytometry 
C)  Cytochemistry 
D)  Cytogenetic karyotype 
A)  Morphology 
B)  Flow cytometry 
C)  Cytochemistry 
D)  Cytogenetic karyotype

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of NK cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are effector cells of adaptive immunity. 
B)  They are capable of antibody synthesis. 
C)  They make up the majority of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. 
D)  Mature NK cells have potent lytic activity. 
A)  They are effector cells of adaptive immunity. 
B)  They are capable of antibody synthesis. 
C)  They make up the majority of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. 
D)  Mature NK cells have potent lytic activity.

Question 19

The class of immunoglobulins is determined by:

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of B cells containing the antibody 
B)  The complexity of the antibody 
C)  The isotype of the heavy chain 
D)  The specificity of the variable region 
A)  The number of B cells containing the antibody 
B)  The complexity of the antibody 
C)  The isotype of the heavy chain 
D)  The specificity of the variable region

Question 20

Which of the following describes the distribution of lymphocytes within the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  75% exist in peripheral blood, 25% in lymph nodes and spleen 
B)  50% exist in the circulating pool, 50% in the marginating pool 
C)  95% are found in the lymph nodes and spleen, 5% in the peripheral blood 
D)  80% are short-lived, 20% are long lived 
A)  75% exist in peripheral blood, 25% in lymph nodes and spleen 
B)  50% exist in the circulating pool, 50% in the marginating pool 
C)  95% are found in the lymph nodes and spleen, 5% in the peripheral blood 
D)  80% are short-lived, 20% are long lived

Exam 8: Lymphocytes

A blood sample from a 5-month-old infant indicates a WBC count of 12.5 109/L with 65% lymphocytes. What can you conclude from this?

An instrument printout on an adult shows a normal WBC count with a lymphocyte count of 30%. What can be concluded from this?

Which of the following is a characteristic of T lymphocytes?

List the subtypes of lymphocytes in normal adult peripheral blood from most numerous to least numerous.

Which cell line matures and differentiates upon exposure to antigen?

Natural killer cells recognize and kill antigens with attached IgG. This mechanism is described as:

Which two CD markers are used to differentiate helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells?

The commitment of a lymphocyte precursor cell to a T lymphocyte can be defined based on:

Which of the following terms describes an absolute increase in the number of lymphocytes?

Compare and contrast the five isotypes of immunoglobulins. Include structure, function, and leukocyte interaction in your answer.

Describe the immunologic features and functions of NK cells.

Reactive lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in that the reactive form can exhibit:

What is the difference between polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies? List examples of disorders that generate each type of antibody in your answer.

Which of the following is found on early T-cell precursors?

A blood sample from a 40-year-old white female has a WBC count of 10.2 109/L and a lymphocyte percentage of 47%. What can be concluded from this?

Which of the following describes the components used to construct an immunoglobulin?

T, B, and NK lymphocytes can be differentiated by:

Which of the following is a characteristic of NK cells?

The class of immunoglobulins is determined by:

Which of the following describes the distribution of lymphocytes within the body?

Introduction

Cellular Homeostasis

Structure and Function of Hematopoietic Organs

Hematopoiesis

The Erythrocyte

Hemoglobin

Granulocytes and Monocytes

The Platelet

The Complete Blood Count and Peripheral Blood Smear Evaluation

Introduction to Anemia

Anemias of Disordered Iron Metabolism and Heme Synthesis

Hemoglobinopathies: Qualitative Defects

Thalassemia

Megaloblastic and Nonmegaloblastic Macrocytic Anemias

Hypoproliferative Anemias

Hemolytic Anemia: Membrane Defects

Hemolytic Anemia: Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemia: Immune Anemias

Hemolytic Anemia: Nonimmune Defects

Nonmalignant Disorders of Leukocytes: Granulocytes and Monocytes

Nonmalignant Lymphocyte Disorders

Introduction to Hematopoietic Neoplasms

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Myeloid Leukemias

Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasms

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Morphologic Analysis of Body Fluids in the Hematology

Primary Hemostasis

Secondary Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis

Disorders of Secondary Hemostasis

Thrombophilia

Hemostasis: Laboratory Testing and Instrumentation

Hematology Procedures

Bone Marrow Examination

Automation in Hematology

Flow Cytometry

Chromosome Analysis of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Disorders

Molecular Analysis of Hematologic Diseases

Quality Assessment in the Hematology Laboratory

Filters

A blood sample from a 5-month-old infant indicates a WBC count of 12.5 10⁹/L with 65% lymphocytes. What can you conclude from this?

A blood sample from a 40-year-old white female has a WBC count of 10.2 10⁹/L and a lymphocyte percentage of 47%. What can be concluded from this?