Question 1

In a plant, which of the following reactions produce molecular oxygen (O₂)?

Accepted Answer

A)  the light reactions alone 
B)  the Calvin cycle alone 
C)  the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D)  neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
A)  the light reactions alone 
B)  the Calvin cycle alone 
C)  the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D)  neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle

Question 2

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

Accepted Answer

A)  light energy. 
B)  CO₂ and ATP. 
C)  H₂O and NADPH. 
D)  ATP and NADPH. 
A)  light energy. 
B)  CO₂ and ATP. 
C)  H₂O and NADPH. 
D)  ATP and NADPH.

Question 3

Where in a plant cell does the Calvin cycle take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  stroma of the chloroplast 
B)  thylakoid membrane 
C)  interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) 
D)  outer membrane of the chloroplast 
A)  stroma of the chloroplast 
B)  thylakoid membrane 
C)  interior of the thylakoid (thylakoid space) 
D)  outer membrane of the chloroplast

Question 4

The mechanism of photophosphorylation is most similar to which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration 
C)  the Calvin cycle 
D)  reduction of NADP⁺ 
A)  substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis 
B)  oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration 
C)  the Calvin cycle 
D)  reduction of NADP⁺

Question 5

Paper chromatography is a technique used to separate molecules based upon their size and solubility in a particular solvent. If pigments from a particular species of plant are extracted and subjected to paper chromatography, which of the following results is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paper chromatography would produce a single band of pigment that is characteristic of that particular plant. 
B)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into two bands that appear green. 
C)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into several bands that appear green or yellow/orange. 
D)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into two bands, one that appears blue and one that appears red. 
A)  Paper chromatography would produce a single band of pigment that is characteristic of that particular plant. 
B)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into two bands that appear green. 
C)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into several bands that appear green or yellow/orange. 
D)  Paper chromatography would separate the pigments into two bands, one that appears blue and one that appears red.

Question 6

The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

Accepted Answer

A)  Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths. 
B)  Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light. 
C)  Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a. 
D)  Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen, which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis. 
A)  Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths. 
B)  Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light. 
C)  Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a. 
D)  Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen, which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis.

Question 7

Why are the reaction centres of photosystems composed of several structurally different pigments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excited electrons must pass through several pigments before they can be transferred to electron acceptors of the electron transport chain. 
B)  This arrangement enables the plant to absorb light energy of a variety of wavelengths. 
C)  This arrangement enables the plant to absorb more photons from light energy, all of which are at the same wavelength. 
D)  This arrangement enables the reaction centre to excite electrons to a higher energy level. 
A)  Excited electrons must pass through several pigments before they can be transferred to electron acceptors of the electron transport chain. 
B)  This arrangement enables the plant to absorb light energy of a variety of wavelengths. 
C)  This arrangement enables the plant to absorb more photons from light energy, all of which are at the same wavelength. 
D)  This arrangement enables the reaction centre to excite electrons to a higher energy level.

Question 8

The oxygen released by photosynthesis is produced by which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  splitting water molecules 
B)  chemiosmosis 
C)  the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
D)  the electron transfer system of photosystem II 
A)  splitting water molecules 
B)  chemiosmosis 
C)  the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
D)  the electron transfer system of photosystem II

Question 9

How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B)  Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C)  In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D)  Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark. 
A)  In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B)  Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C)  In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D)  Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark.

Question 10

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADPH → O₂→ CO₂ 
B)  H₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle 
C)  H₂O → photosystem I → photosystem II 
D)  NADP → Helectron transport chain → O₂ 
A)  NADPH → O₂→ CO₂ 
B)  H₂O → NADPH → Calvin cycle 
C)  H₂O → photosystem I → photosystem II 
D)  NADP → Helectron transport chain → O₂

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cellular respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse. 
B)  Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules; cellular respiration releases energy from complex organic molecules. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in plants; cellular respiration occurs only in animals. 
D)  Photosynthesis is catabolic; cellular respiration is anabolic. 
A)  Cellular respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse. 
B)  Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules; cellular respiration releases energy from complex organic molecules. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in plants; cellular respiration occurs only in animals. 
D)  Photosynthesis is catabolic; cellular respiration is anabolic.

Question 12

In autumn, chlorophyll is degraded in the leaves of deciduous trees. Why do the leaves change colour to shades of yellow, orange or red?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sugars from sap fill the leaves prior to winter. 
B)  Degraded chlorophyll changes into many other colours. 
C)  In the absence of photosynthesis, the leaves produce energy exclusively by aerobic cellular respiration. 
D)  Other pigments such as carotenoids are still present in the leaves. 
A)  Sugars from sap fill the leaves prior to winter. 
B)  Degraded chlorophyll changes into many other colours. 
C)  In the absence of photosynthesis, the leaves produce energy exclusively by aerobic cellular respiration. 
D)  Other pigments such as carotenoids are still present in the leaves.

Question 13

In which of the following organisms did the process of photosynthesis most likely originate?

Accepted Answer

A)  plants 
B)  prokaryotes 
C)  fungi 
D)  three separate times during evolution 
A)  plants 
B)  prokaryotes 
C)  fungi 
D)  three separate times during evolution

Question 14

What are the products of linear electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP and P700 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺ 
A)  heat and fluorescence 
B)  ATP and P700 
C)  ATP and NADPH 
D)  ADP and NADP⁺

Question 15

Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds in which of the following metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  only photosynthesis 
B)  only respiration 
C)  photosynthesis and respiration 
D)  neither photosynthesis nor respiration 
A)  only photosynthesis 
B)  only respiration 
C)  photosynthesis and respiration 
D)  neither photosynthesis nor respiration

Question 16

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon fixation 
B)  oxidation of NADPH 
C)  release of oxygen 
D)  regeneration of the CO₂ acceptor 
A)  carbon fixation 
B)  oxidation of NADPH 
C)  release of oxygen 
D)  regeneration of the CO₂ acceptor

Question 17

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesise with no apparent photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not participate in the Calvin cycle. 
B)  They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO₂. 
C)  They conserve water more efficiently. 
D)  They exclude oxygen from their tissues. 
A)  They do not participate in the Calvin cycle. 
B)  They use PEP carboxylase to initially fix CO₂. 
C)  They conserve water more efficiently. 
D)  They exclude oxygen from their tissues.

Question 18

Which of the following events are associated with chemiosmosis in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pH of the stroma increases and ATP is synthesised. 
B)  The pH of the thylakoid space increases and ATP is synthesised. 
C)  The pH of the cytoplasm outside the chloroplast decreases and ATP is synthesised. 
D)  The pH of the stroma decreases and ATP is hydrolysed. 
A)  The pH of the stroma increases and ATP is synthesised. 
B)  The pH of the thylakoid space increases and ATP is synthesised. 
C)  The pH of the cytoplasm outside the chloroplast decreases and ATP is synthesised. 
D)  The pH of the stroma decreases and ATP is hydrolysed.

Question 19

Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur only in the light. 
B)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs only in the dark. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light. 
D)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in both the dark and the light. 
A)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur only in the light. 
B)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs only in the dark. 
C)  Photosynthesis occurs only in the light, and cellular respiration occurs in both the dark and the light. 
D)  Photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in both the dark and the light.

Question 20

Refer to the accompanying figure and the molecules labelled A, B, C, D and E. If the carbon atom of each of the incoming CO₂ molecules is labelled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules will be radioactively labelled after one cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  C only 
B)  B, C, D and E 
C)  C, D and E only 
D)  B and C only 
A)  C only 
B)  B, C, D and E 
C)  C, D and E only 
D)  B and C only

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

In a plant, which of the following reactions produce molecular oxygen (O₂)?

The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

Where in a plant cell does the Calvin cycle take place?

The mechanism of photophosphorylation is most similar to which of the following processes?

Paper chromatography is a technique used to separate molecules based upon their size and solubility in a particular solvent. If pigments from a particular species of plant are extracted and subjected to paper chromatography, which of the following results is most likely?

The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

Why are the reaction centres of photosystems composed of several structurally different pigments?

The oxygen released by photosynthesis is produced by which of the following processes?

How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM plants?

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

In autumn, chlorophyll is degraded in the leaves of deciduous trees. Why do the leaves change colour to shades of yellow, orange or red?

In which of the following organisms did the process of photosynthesis most likely originate?

What are the products of linear electron flow during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide is split to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds in which of the following metabolic pathways?

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesise with no apparent photorespiration?

Which of the following events are associated with chemiosmosis in chloroplasts?

Under what conditions do photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in plants?

Refer to the accompanying figure and the molecules labelled A, B, C, D and E. If the carbon atom of each of the incoming CO₂ molecules is labelled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, which organic molecules will be radioactively labelled after one cycle?

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

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