Question 1

The NPK percentages on a package of fertiliser refer to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
B)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertiliser 
C)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
D)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources 
A)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
B)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertiliser 
C)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
D)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources

Question 2

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if

Accepted Answer

A)  the mineral is a micronutrient. 
B)  the mineral is very mobile within the plant. 
C)  the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis. 
D)  the mineral is a macronutrient. 
A)  the mineral is a micronutrient. 
B)  the mineral is very mobile within the plant. 
C)  the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis. 
D)  the mineral is a macronutrient.

Question 3

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes), but no roots. Water and mineral nutrients were most likely obtained by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion through stomata 
B)  absorption by mycorrhizae 
C)  osmosis through the root hairs 
D)  diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome 
A)  diffusion through stomata 
B)  absorption by mycorrhizae 
C)  osmosis through the root hairs 
D)  diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome

Question 4

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment

Accepted Answer

A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant. 
B)  that has soil with poor drainage. 
C)  that has hot summers and cold winters. 
D)  in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients. 
A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant. 
B)  that has soil with poor drainage. 
C)  that has hot summers and cold winters. 
D)  in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients.

Question 5

Which of the following would inhibit the growth of most plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  abundant humus 
B)  air spaces 
C)  good drainage 
D)  a pH above 10.0 
A)  abundant humus 
B)  air spaces 
C)  good drainage 
D)  a pH above 10.0

Question 6

The highest amount of oxygen will be found in soils containing large amounts of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  gravel 
D)  silt 
A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  gravel 
D)  silt

Question 7

While hiking in the bush, you notice an unusual plant growing on the branches of a tree. What will help you to determine if this plant is epiphytic or parasitic?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the plant is green, it is epiphytic; if not, then it is parasitic. 
B)  The root of an epiphytic plant will be in the soil, but a parasitic plant will grow from the trunk of a tree. 
C)  The roots of a parasitic plant will penetrate under the bark into the tree xylem, and the roots of epiphytic plant will not. 
D)  The epiphytic plant will have large water collecting leaves, and the parasitic plant will not. 
A)  If the plant is green, it is epiphytic; if not, then it is parasitic. 
B)  The root of an epiphytic plant will be in the soil, but a parasitic plant will grow from the trunk of a tree. 
C)  The roots of a parasitic plant will penetrate under the bark into the tree xylem, and the roots of epiphytic plant will not. 
D)  The epiphytic plant will have large water collecting leaves, and the parasitic plant will not.

Question 8

You are weeding your garden when you accidentally expose some roots of your pea plants. You notice swellings (root nodules) on the roots, and there is a reddish tinge to the ones you accidentally damaged. Most likely your pea plants ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  suffer from a mineral deficiency 
B)  are infected with a parasite 
C)  are benefiting from a mutualistic bacterium 
D)  are developing offshoots from the root 
A)  suffer from a mineral deficiency 
B)  are infected with a parasite 
C)  are benefiting from a mutualistic bacterium 
D)  are developing offshoots from the root

Question 9

The specific relationship between a legume and its mutualistic Rhizobium strain probably depends on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  each legume having a chemical dialogue with a fungus 
B)  each Rhizobium strain having a form of nitrogenase that works only in the appropriate legume host 
C)  each legume being found where the soil has only the Rhizobium specific to that legume 
D)  specific recognition between the chemical signals and signal receptors of the Rhizobium strain and legume species 
A)  each legume having a chemical dialogue with a fungus 
B)  each Rhizobium strain having a form of nitrogenase that works only in the appropriate legume host 
C)  each legume being found where the soil has only the Rhizobium specific to that legume 
D)  specific recognition between the chemical signals and signal receptors of the Rhizobium strain and legume species

Question 10

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  most of them are mobile in the plant 
B)  most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant 
D)  only the most actively growing regions of the plants require micronutrients 
A)  most of them are mobile in the plant 
B)  most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant 
D)  only the most actively growing regions of the plants require micronutrients

Question 11

Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae. 
B)  providing sugar to root cells, which have no chloroplasts. 
C)  converting atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. 
D)  enabling the roots to parasitise neighbouring plants. 
A)  absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae. 
B)  providing sugar to root cells, which have no chloroplasts. 
C)  converting atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. 
D)  enabling the roots to parasitise neighbouring plants.

Question 12

Which of the following are problems associated with intensive irrigation?
I. mineral runoff
II. over fertilisation
III. aquifer depletion
IV. soil salinisation

Accepted Answer

A)  only I and II 
B)  only I, III, and IV 
C)  only III and IV 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  only I and II 
B)  only I, III, and IV 
C)  only III and IV 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Exam 37: Soil and Plant Nutrition

The NPK percentages on a package of fertiliser refer to the ________.

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes), but no roots. Water and mineral nutrients were most likely obtained by ________.

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment

Which of the following would inhibit the growth of most plants?

The highest amount of oxygen will be found in soils containing large amounts of ________.

While hiking in the bush, you notice an unusual plant growing on the branches of a tree. What will help you to determine if this plant is epiphytic or parasitic?

You are weeding your garden when you accidentally expose some roots of your pea plants. You notice swellings (root nodules) on the roots, and there is a reddish tinge to the ones you accidentally damaged. Most likely your pea plants ________.

The specific relationship between a legume and its mutualistic Rhizobium strain probably depends on ________.

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by

Which of the following are problems associated with intensive irrigation? I. mineral runoff II. over fertilisation III. aquifer depletion IV. soil salinisation

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Filters