Question 1

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased heart rate 
B)  increased secretion by the pancreas 
C)  increased contractions of the stomach 
D)  relaxation of the airways in the lungs 
A)  decreased heart rate 
B)  increased secretion by the pancreas 
C)  increased contractions of the stomach 
D)  relaxation of the airways in the lungs

Question 2

The suprachiasmatic nuclei are found in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  epithalamus 
C)  amygdala 
D)  Broca's area 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  epithalamus 
C)  amygdala 
D)  Broca's area

Question 3

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  somatosensory cortex 
D)  primary motor cortex 
A)  thalamus 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  somatosensory cortex 
D)  primary motor cortex

Question 4

The brain reward system ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  represents an emergent brain property that has arisen independent of natural selection 
B)  is a reflex of the peripheral nervous primarily under autonomic control 
C)  is housed in the thalamus and primarily regulates the enteric division of the autonomic nervous system 
D)  utilises the neurotransmitter dopamine and is affected by drug addiction 
A)  represents an emergent brain property that has arisen independent of natural selection 
B)  is a reflex of the peripheral nervous primarily under autonomic control 
C)  is housed in the thalamus and primarily regulates the enteric division of the autonomic nervous system 
D)  utilises the neurotransmitter dopamine and is affected by drug addiction

Question 5

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  resting and digesting 
B)  release of adrenaline into the blood 
C)  increased metabolic rate 
D)  intensive aerobic exercise 
A)  resting and digesting 
B)  release of adrenaline into the blood 
C)  increased metabolic rate 
D)  intensive aerobic exercise

Question 6

Movement and balance are monitored by activity in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  medulla oblongata

Question 7

In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are received by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the postsynaptic membrane 
B)  the presynaptic membrane 
C)  axon hillocks 
D)  cell bodies 
A)  the postsynaptic membrane 
B)  the presynaptic membrane 
C)  axon hillocks 
D)  cell bodies

Question 8

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing 
B)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep 
C)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water 
D)  they alternate which half of their brain is asleep and which half is awake 
A)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing 
B)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep 
C)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water 
D)  they alternate which half of their brain is asleep and which half is awake

Question 9

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  olfaction 
B)  vision 
C)  speech 
D)  hearing 
A)  olfaction 
B)  vision 
C)  speech 
D)  hearing

Question 10

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lose their sense of balance 
B)  lose all short-term memory 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses 
D)  have greatly increased long-term memory 
A)  lose their sense of balance 
B)  lose all short-term memory 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses 
D)  have greatly increased long-term memory

Question 11

An injury to the temporal lobe will likely impair the function of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sense of hearing 
B)  sense of sight 
C)  sense of taste 
D)  sense of touch 
A)  sense of hearing 
B)  sense of sight 
C)  sense of taste 
D)  sense of touch

Question 12

Stem cell transplants may someday be used to treat Parkinson's disease. Researchers are hopeful that these cells would alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing temporal lobe seizures 
B)  repairing sites of traumatic brain injury 
C)  replenishing missing ion channels 
D)  secreting the neurotransmitter dopamine 
A)  preventing temporal lobe seizures 
B)  repairing sites of traumatic brain injury 
C)  replenishing missing ion channels 
D)  secreting the neurotransmitter dopamine

Question 13

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as which of the following?
I. functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain
II. a product of the filtration of blood in the brain
III. functioning to cushion the brain
IV. filling spaces between glial cells and neurons in the grey matter

Accepted Answer

A)  only I and III 
B)  only II and IV 
C)  only I, II, and III 
D)  only II, III, and IV 
A)  only I and III 
B)  only II and IV 
C)  only I, II, and III 
D)  only II, III, and IV

Question 14

Wernicke's area ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is active when speech is heard and comprehended 
B)  is active during the generation of speech 
C)  coordinates the response to olfactory sensation 
D)  is found on the left side of the brain 
A)  is active when speech is heard and comprehended 
B)  is active during the generation of speech 
C)  coordinates the response to olfactory sensation 
D)  is found on the left side of the brain

Question 15

In a cephalised invertebrate, the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  central nervous system 
B)  peripheral nervous system 
C)  autonomic nervous system 
D)  parasympathetic nervous system 
A)  central nervous system 
B)  peripheral nervous system 
C)  autonomic nervous system 
D)  parasympathetic nervous system

Question 16

In humans, control of balance and coordinated movements are associated with increased activity in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  spinal cord 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  spinal cord

Question 17

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  amygdala-emotional memory 
A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  amygdala-emotional memory

Question 18

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation, which is present in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  basal nuclei 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  brainstem 
D)  limbic system 
A)  basal nuclei 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  brainstem 
D)  limbic system

Question 19

Emotional responses and memories are linked in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  pons 
A)  amygdala 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  pons

Question 20

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  thalamus 
C)  pituitary 
D)  cerebellum 
A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  thalamus 
C)  pituitary 
D)  cerebellum

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

Increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system leads to ________.

The suprachiasmatic nuclei are found in the ________.

Forming new long-term memories is strikingly disrupted after damage to the ________.

The brain reward system ________.

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with ________.

Movement and balance are monitored by activity in the ________.

In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are received by ________.

Bottlenose dolphins breathe air but can sleep in the ocean because ________.

Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect ________.

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would ________.

An injury to the temporal lobe will likely impair the function of the ________.

Stem cell transplants may someday be used to treat Parkinson's disease. Researchers are hopeful that these cells would alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease by ________.

Cerebrospinal fluid can be described as which of the following? I. functioning in transport of nutrients and hormones through the brain II. a product of the filtration of blood in the brain III. functioning to cushion the brain IV. filling spaces between glial cells and neurons in the grey matter

Wernicke's area ________.

In a cephalised invertebrate, the system that transmits "efferent" impulses from the anterior ganglion to distal segments is the ________.

In humans, control of balance and coordinated movements are associated with increased activity in the ________.

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation, which is present in the ________.

Emotional responses and memories are linked in which part of the brain?

Increases and decreases of the heart rate result from changes in the activity of the ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonised Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

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