Question 1

Which of the following traits is not shared by all animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific types of cell-cell junctions 
B)  A common set of extracellular matrix molecules 
C)  A complete gut 
D)  Similarities in their small-subunit ribosomal RNAs 
E)  Similarities in their Hox genes 
A)  Specific types of cell-cell junctions 
B)  A common set of extracellular matrix molecules 
C)  A complete gut 
D)  Similarities in their small-subunit ribosomal RNAs 
E)  Similarities in their Hox genes

Question 2

Cnidnarians

Accepted Answer

A)  have a complete gut. 
B)  mostly inhabit fresh water. 
C)  use cilia to move through the water. 
D)  produce haploid larvae. 
E)  are mostly made up of mesoglea. 
A)  have a complete gut. 
B)  mostly inhabit fresh water. 
C)  use cilia to move through the water. 
D)  produce haploid larvae. 
E)  are mostly made up of mesoglea.

Question 3

The terms "acoelomate," "pseudocoelomate," and "coelomate" refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of cephalization. 
B)  the origin of the blastopore. 
C)  ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. 
D)  the body cavity of animals. 
E)  the vertebrate body plan. 
A)  levels of cephalization. 
B)  the origin of the blastopore. 
C)  ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. 
D)  the body cavity of animals. 
E)  the vertebrate body plan.

Question 4

Clues to the evolutionary relationships of animals can be found in

Accepted Answer

A)  the fossil record. 
B)  patterns of embryonic development. 
C)  comparative morphology and physiology. 
D)  nucleotide sequence patterns. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  the fossil record. 
B)  patterns of embryonic development. 
C)  comparative morphology and physiology. 
D)  nucleotide sequence patterns. 
E)  All of the above

Question 5

Corals are able to survive in nutrient-poor tropical waters by forming symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic

Accepted Answer

A)  plants. 
B)  red algae. 
C)  brown algae. 
D)  dinoflagellates. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  plants. 
B)  red algae. 
C)  brown algae. 
D)  dinoflagellates. 
E)  None of the above

Question 6

Because all animals must take in nutrients from their environment and digest their food internally, the nutritional mode of animals is called

Accepted Answer

A)  heterotrophic. 
B)  photoheterotrophic. 
C)  photoautotrophic. 
D)  chemolithotrophic. 
E)  chemoautotrophic. 
A)  heterotrophic. 
B)  photoheterotrophic. 
C)  photoautotrophic. 
D)  chemolithotrophic. 
E)  chemoautotrophic.

Question 7

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, depicting a sponge cross-section.  
-Which structure is a choanocyte?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions :
Refer...

Question 8

Sea anemones differ from corals in that

Accepted Answer

A)  they belong to different clades. 
B)  sea anemones are motile, while corals are not. 
C)  corals contain an endosymbiont while sea anemones never do. 
D)  sea anemones are solitary, while corals are colonial. 
E)  Both c and d 
A)  they belong to different clades. 
B)  sea anemones are motile, while corals are not. 
C)  corals contain an endosymbiont while sea anemones never do. 
D)  sea anemones are solitary, while corals are colonial. 
E)  Both c and d

Question 9

Which of the following groups is matched incorrectly with a descriptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mollusks: trochophore 
B)  Polychaete worms: trochophore 
C)  Crustaceans: nauplius 
D)  Flatworms: acoelomate 
E)  Earthworms: pesudocoelomate 
A)  Mollusks: trochophore 
B)  Polychaete worms: trochophore 
C)  Crustaceans: nauplius 
D)  Flatworms: acoelomate 
E)  Earthworms: pesudocoelomate

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics that distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cleavage type 
B)  Ability to form a blastopore 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Derivation of mesoderm 
E)  Position of the nervous system (dorsal/ventral) 
A)  Cleavage type 
B)  Ability to form a blastopore 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Derivation of mesoderm 
E)  Position of the nervous system (dorsal/ventral)

Question 11

The placozoans are considered to be the sister group to which of the following taxa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ctenophorans 
B)  Cnidarians 
C)  Bilaterians 
D)  Sponges 
E)  Eumetazoa 
A)  Ctenophorans 
B)  Cnidarians 
C)  Bilaterians 
D)  Sponges 
E)  Eumetazoa

Question 12

Which of the following statements about sponge structure or function is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Choanocytes are flagellated cells that play a role in feeding. 
B)  Large species are found in areas of heavy wave action, where food is most abundant. 
C)  Individual sponges are both male and female. 
D)  Water enters a sponge through pores and exits via one or more oscula. 
E)  Sponges have an extensive extracellular matrix holding the cells together. 
A)  Choanocytes are flagellated cells that play a role in feeding. 
B)  Large species are found in areas of heavy wave action, where food is most abundant. 
C)  Individual sponges are both male and female. 
D)  Water enters a sponge through pores and exits via one or more oscula. 
E)  Sponges have an extensive extracellular matrix holding the cells together.

Question 13

Organisms that feed on decomposing organic matter are known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organisms that feed on decomposing organic matter...

Question 14

Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians by their possession of a _______ and comblike plates known as ctenes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians...

Question 15

Which of the following variables may be part of an evolutionary trade-off that confronts animal species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Long egg incubation period 
B)  Ability to filter small food particles out of water 
C)  Production of many small eggs 
D)  Production of altricial young 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Long egg incubation period 
B)  Ability to filter small food particles out of water 
C)  Production of many small eggs 
D)  Production of altricial young 
E)  All of the above

Question 16

The ancestor of the animal clade was likely a _______ similar to existing _______. Animals probably evolved from this ancestor by _______ of cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  colonial prokaryote; bacteria; functional specialization 
B)  colonial microbial eukaryote; choanoflagellates; functional specialization 
C)  colonial microbial eukaryote; dinoflagellates; dedifferentiation 
D)  multicellular fungus; fungi; differentiation 
E)  multicellular fungus; choanoflagellates; functional specialization 
A)  colonial prokaryote; bacteria; functional specialization 
B)  colonial microbial eukaryote; choanoflagellates; functional specialization 
C)  colonial microbial eukaryote; dinoflagellates; dedifferentiation 
D)  multicellular fungus; fungi; differentiation 
E)  multicellular fungus; choanoflagellates; functional specialization

Question 17

Filter feeders

Accepted Answer

A)  are restricted to a few animal groups. 
B)  must all expend energy to obtain food. 
C)  include sponges. 
D)  generally capture large prey. 
E)  are all sessile. 
A)  are restricted to a few animal groups. 
B)  must all expend energy to obtain food. 
C)  include sponges. 
D)  generally capture large prey. 
E)  are all sessile.

Question 18

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with the cnidarians?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alternation between polyp and medusa 
B)  Three distinct body layers 
C)  Nematocysts 
D)  Gastrovascular cavity 
E)  Planula larva 
A)  Alternation between polyp and medusa 
B)  Three distinct body layers 
C)  Nematocysts 
D)  Gastrovascular cavity 
E)  Planula larva

Question 19

The type of symmetry possessed by cnidaria, which have a cylindrical form with one main axis around which body parts are arranged, is called _______ symmetry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of symmetry possessed by cnidaria,...

Question 20

The body plan of an animal is

Accepted Answer

A)  its general structure. 
B)  the integrated functioning of its parts. 
C)  its general structure and the integrated functioning of its parts. 
D)  its general structure and its evolutionary history. 
E)  the integrated functioning of its parts and its evolutionary history. 
A)  its general structure. 
B)  the integrated functioning of its parts. 
C)  its general structure and the integrated functioning of its parts. 
D)  its general structure and its evolutionary history. 
E)  the integrated functioning of its parts and its evolutionary history.

Exam 31: Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Which of the following traits is not shared by all animals?

Cnidnarians

The terms "acoelomate," "pseudocoelomate," and "coelomate" refer to

Clues to the evolutionary relationships of animals can be found in

Corals are able to survive in nutrient-poor tropical waters by forming symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic

Because all animals must take in nutrients from their environment and digest their food internally, the nutritional mode of animals is called

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, depicting a sponge cross-section. -Which structure is a choanocyte?

Sea anemones differ from corals in that

Which of the following groups is matched incorrectly with a descriptor?

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics that distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

The placozoans are considered to be the sister group to which of the following taxa?

Which of the following statements about sponge structure or function is false?

Organisms that feed on decomposing organic matter are known as _______.

Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians by their possession of a _______ and comblike plates known as ctenes.

Which of the following variables may be part of an evolutionary trade-off that confronts animal species?

The ancestor of the animal clade was likely a _______ similar to existing _______. Animals probably evolved from this ancestor by _______ of cells.

Filter feeders

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with the cnidarians?

The type of symmetry possessed by cnidaria, which have a cylindrical form with one main axis around which body parts are arranged, is called _______ symmetry.

The body plan of an animal is

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The ancestor of the animal clade was likely a ___ similar to existing _. Animals probably evolved from this ancestor by _____ of cells.