Question 1

Water moves toward regions of more _______ water potential.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water moves toward regions of more _______...

Question 2

In which of the following conditions do plants close their stomata?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bright sunlight 
B)  Water stress 
C)  High CO2 
D)  Lack of wind 
E)  Warm temperatures 
A)  Bright sunlight 
B)  Water stress 
C)  High CO2 
D)  Lack of wind 
E)  Warm temperatures

Question 3

Water enters the xylem tissue from surrounding root cells via

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  pressure pumping. 
E)  guttation. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  facilitated diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  pressure pumping. 
E)  guttation.

Question 4

The effect of increasing dissolved solutes is to make the solute potential (more/less) _______ negative.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The effect of increasing dissolved solutes is...

Question 5

In order to transport K+ ions into their cells, plants

Accepted Answer

A)  pump H+ out. 
B)  use the sodium-potassium pump. 
C)  pump K+ in. 
D)  pump water in. 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  pump H+ out. 
B)  use the sodium-potassium pump. 
C)  pump K+ in. 
D)  pump water in. 
E)  Both b and c

Question 6

Which statement about aquaporins is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are membrane transport proteins. 
B)  Water movement through aquaporins is always active. 
C)  The permeability of some aquaporins is subject to regulation. 
D)  They vary in abundance depending on environmental conditions. 
E)  They enable water to pass through the phospholipid bilayer without encountering a hydrophobic environment. 
A)  They are membrane transport proteins. 
B)  Water movement through aquaporins is always active. 
C)  The permeability of some aquaporins is subject to regulation. 
D)  They vary in abundance depending on environmental conditions. 
E)  They enable water to pass through the phospholipid bilayer without encountering a hydrophobic environment.

Question 7

Parenchyma cells within the stele facilitate movement of minerals from the _______ into the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell wall; cytoplasm 
B)  cytoplasm; cell wall 
C)  cell wall; cell wall of the neighboring cell 
D)  cytoplasm; next cell's cytoplasm 
E)  cell wall; next cell's cytoplasm 
A)  cell wall; cytoplasm 
B)  cytoplasm; cell wall 
C)  cell wall; cell wall of the neighboring cell 
D)  cytoplasm; next cell's cytoplasm 
E)  cell wall; next cell's cytoplasm

Question 8

The uptake of ions in plant cells is influenced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical gradient. 
B)  concentration gradient. 
C)  ionic balance. 
D)  pumping of H+. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  electrical gradient. 
B)  concentration gradient. 
C)  ionic balance. 
D)  pumping of H+. 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

The movement of substances between living cells of a plant occurs through _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The movement of substances between living cells...

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of abscisic acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Storage of CO2 for daytime use 
B)  Reduction of water loss 
C)  Opening of stomata 
D)  Increased H+ pumping in guard cells 
E)  Lowering of pH 
A)  Storage of CO2 for daytime use 
B)  Reduction of water loss 
C)  Opening of stomata 
D)  Increased H+ pumping in guard cells 
E)  Lowering of pH

Question 11

When sugars are actively transported into a cell, turgor pressure inside that cell

Accepted Answer

A)  does not change, because sugar concentration has no effect on turgor pressure. 
B)  increases, because sugar concentration directly affects turgor pressure. 
C)  increases, because water enters and affects turgor pressure. 
D)  decreases, because water exits and affects turgor pressure. 
E)  decreases, because sugar concentration directly affects turgor pressure. 
A)  does not change, because sugar concentration has no effect on turgor pressure. 
B)  increases, because sugar concentration directly affects turgor pressure. 
C)  increases, because water enters and affects turgor pressure. 
D)  decreases, because water exits and affects turgor pressure. 
E)  decreases, because sugar concentration directly affects turgor pressure.

Question 12

Xylem transports

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids. 
B)  water up and down the plant. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  mineral ions from the leaves to the roots. 
E)  water from the roots to the leaves. 
A)  amino acids. 
B)  water up and down the plant. 
C)  carbohydrates. 
D)  mineral ions from the leaves to the roots. 
E)  water from the roots to the leaves.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about aquaporins is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are necessary to protect cells from toxins. 
B)  They are involved directly in mineral transport. 
C)  They increase water flow through cell membranes. 
D)  They prevent too much water from traveling between cells. 
E)  They contain transport proteins. 
A)  They are necessary to protect cells from toxins. 
B)  They are involved directly in mineral transport. 
C)  They increase water flow through cell membranes. 
D)  They prevent too much water from traveling between cells. 
E)  They contain transport proteins.

Question 14

Stomata

Accepted Answer

A)  are open when the guard cells are turgid. 
B)  are closed during the day in most plants. 
C)  allow CO2 to enter a leaf without water loss. 
D)  are closed when the guard cells are turgid. 
E)  are absent in non-seed tracheophytes. 
A)  are open when the guard cells are turgid. 
B)  are closed during the day in most plants. 
C)  allow CO2 to enter a leaf without water loss. 
D)  are closed when the guard cells are turgid. 
E)  are absent in non-seed tracheophytes.

Question 15

Endodermal cells differ from other cells in the root in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  lack a symplast region. 
B)  are nonselective with regard to solute uptake. 
C)  have a high rate of water transport. 
D)  are completely surrounded by a waxy layer. 
E)  prevent the apoplastic movement of water and ions. 
A)  lack a symplast region. 
B)  are nonselective with regard to solute uptake. 
C)  have a high rate of water transport. 
D)  are completely surrounded by a waxy layer. 
E)  prevent the apoplastic movement of water and ions.

Question 16

If a stem is cut and the xylem sap is under tension,

Accepted Answer

A)  xylem sap will spurt out. 
B)  xylem sap will stay at the cut surface. 
C)  air will be pulled into the xylem. 
D)  the cut surface will form bubbles if placed under water. 
E)  xylem sap will run out if placed under water. 
A)  xylem sap will spurt out. 
B)  xylem sap will stay at the cut surface. 
C)  air will be pulled into the xylem. 
D)  the cut surface will form bubbles if placed under water. 
E)  xylem sap will run out if placed under water.

Question 17

The primary difference between the apoplast and the symplast is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the apoplast consists of nonliving spaces and cell walls, whereas the symplast consists of living cells. 
B)  apoplast movement is tightly regulated and symplast movement is not. 
C)  the symplast consists of nonliving spaces and cell walls, whereas the apoplast consists of living cells. 
D)  apoplast movement is slow and symplast movement is fast. 
E)  the apoplast transports only ions and the symplast transports only water. 
A)  the apoplast consists of nonliving spaces and cell walls, whereas the symplast consists of living cells. 
B)  apoplast movement is tightly regulated and symplast movement is not. 
C)  the symplast consists of nonliving spaces and cell walls, whereas the apoplast consists of living cells. 
D)  apoplast movement is slow and symplast movement is fast. 
E)  the apoplast transports only ions and the symplast transports only water.

Question 18

Water and ions

Accepted Answer

A)  can enter root hairs only by crossing the plasma membrane. 
B)  can travel though the root to the xylem entirely through the apoplast. 
C)  must cross a plasma membrane to reach the xylem. 
D)  cross the Casparian strips. 
E)  would be transported to the xylem in dead roots. 
A)  can enter root hairs only by crossing the plasma membrane. 
B)  can travel though the root to the xylem entirely through the apoplast. 
C)  must cross a plasma membrane to reach the xylem. 
D)  cross the Casparian strips. 
E)  would be transported to the xylem in dead roots.

Question 19

Nitrate (NO3-) must be reduced to the level of ammonia (NH3) in leaves to be assimilated into amino acids. Which statement best describes the transport of nitrate and amino acids in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrate enters the phloem in the roots and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported to the rest of the plant by the phloem. 
B)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by an entirely apoplastic route and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the phloem. 
C)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by a pathway that includes its transport across at least one plasma membrane and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the phloem. 
D)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by a pathway that includes its transport across at least one plasma membrane and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the xylem. 
E)  The nitrate concentration in phloem sap would be higher than that in xylem sap. 
A)  Nitrate enters the phloem in the roots and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported to the rest of the plant by the phloem. 
B)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by an entirely apoplastic route and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the phloem. 
C)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by a pathway that includes its transport across at least one plasma membrane and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the phloem. 
D)  Nitrate enters the xylem in roots by a pathway that includes its transport across at least one plasma membrane and is transported to the leaves. Amino acids are transported in the xylem. 
E)  The nitrate concentration in phloem sap would be higher than that in xylem sap.

Question 20

Cell walls impregnated with water-repellent suberin are found in the cells of the

Accepted Answer

A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  tracheids. 
A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  tracheids.

Exam 35: Transport in Plants

Water moves toward regions of more _______ water potential.

In which of the following conditions do plants close their stomata?

Water enters the xylem tissue from surrounding root cells via

The effect of increasing dissolved solutes is to make the solute potential (more/less) _______ negative.

In order to transport K+ ions into their cells, plants

Which statement about aquaporins is not true?

Parenchyma cells within the stele facilitate movement of minerals from the _______ into the _______.

The uptake of ions in plant cells is influenced by the

The movement of substances between living cells of a plant occurs through _______.

Which of the following is a function of abscisic acid?

When sugars are actively transported into a cell, turgor pressure inside that cell

Xylem transports

Which of the following statements about aquaporins is true?

Stomata

Endodermal cells differ from other cells in the root in that they

If a stem is cut and the xylem sap is under tension,

The primary difference between the apoplast and the symplast is that

Water and ions

Nitrate (NO3-) must be reduced to the level of ammonia (NH3) in leaves to be assimilated into amino acids. Which statement best describes the transport of nitrate and amino acids in plants?

Cell walls impregnated with water-repellent suberin are found in the cells of the

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

In order to transport K⁺ ions into their cells, plants

Parenchyma cells within the stele facilitate movement of minerals from the _ into the _.

Nitrate (NO₃^-) must be reduced to the level of ammonia (NH₃) in leaves to be assimilated into amino acids. Which statement best describes the transport of nitrate and amino acids in plants?