Question 1

Bolting, or rapid stem elongation, is induced by

Accepted Answer

A)  auxin. 
B)  abscisic acid. 
C)  gibberellins. 
D)  ethylene. 
E)  cytokinin. 
A)  auxin. 
B)  abscisic acid. 
C)  gibberellins. 
D)  ethylene. 
E)  cytokinin.

Question 2

Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying the "foolish seedling" disease of _______, in which seedlings_______.

Accepted Answer

A)  corn; grow unusually slowly 
B)  rice; grow into tall, spindly plants 
C)  wheat; die after germination 
D)  barley; produce seeds unusually early 
E)  millet; have a beneficial mutation 
A)  corn; grow unusually slowly 
B)  rice; grow into tall, spindly plants 
C)  wheat; die after germination 
D)  barley; produce seeds unusually early 
E)  millet; have a beneficial mutation

Question 3

Which of the following is an example or characteristic of plant tropisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  An imbalance in ethylene concentration causes curvature. 
B)  Roots grow toward the light. 
C)  One side of the root or shoot grows more rapidly than the other. 
D)  DNA is the light receptor or gravity receptor. 
E)  Auxin is the light receptor or gravity receptor. 
A)  An imbalance in ethylene concentration causes curvature. 
B)  Roots grow toward the light. 
C)  One side of the root or shoot grows more rapidly than the other. 
D)  DNA is the light receptor or gravity receptor. 
E)  Auxin is the light receptor or gravity receptor.

Question 4

Cytokinins are most abundant in which area of the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tips of the shoot 
B)  Leaves 
C)  Stems 
D)  Roots 
E)  Lateral buds 
A)  Tips of the shoot 
B)  Leaves 
C)  Stems 
D)  Roots 
E)  Lateral buds

Question 5

Seeds

Accepted Answer

A)  take up water at the onset of germination. 
B)  carry out extensive DNA synthesis in the early stages of germination. 
C)  show a decrease in respiration as they germinate. 
D)  carry out photosynthesis in the hypocotyl after germination. 
E)  undergo extensive cell division in the early stages of germination. 
A)  take up water at the onset of germination. 
B)  carry out extensive DNA synthesis in the early stages of germination. 
C)  show a decrease in respiration as they germinate. 
D)  carry out photosynthesis in the hypocotyl after germination. 
E)  undergo extensive cell division in the early stages of germination.

Question 6

Cytokinins interact with which other hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethylene 
B)  Abscisic acid 
C)  Gibberellins 
D)  Auxins 
E)  Brassinosteroids 
A)  Ethylene 
B)  Abscisic acid 
C)  Gibberellins 
D)  Auxins 
E)  Brassinosteroids

Question 7

Phytochrome

Accepted Answer

A)  is the only photoreceptor pigment in plants. 
B)  exists in two forms interconvertible by light. 
C)  is a pigment that is colored red or far-red. 
D)  is a green-light receptor. 
E)  is the photoreceptor for phototropism in coleoptiles. 
A)  is the only photoreceptor pigment in plants. 
B)  exists in two forms interconvertible by light. 
C)  is a pigment that is colored red or far-red. 
D)  is a green-light receptor. 
E)  is the photoreceptor for phototropism in coleoptiles.

Question 8

Radishes are examples of cytokinins affecting _______ by causing pronounced swelling.

Accepted Answer

A)  roots 
B)  stems 
C)  leaves 
D)  vegetative apical meristem 
E)  floral apical meristem 
A)  roots 
B)  stems 
C)  leaves 
D)  vegetative apical meristem 
E)  floral apical meristem

Question 9

The _______ transport of auxin establishes the orientation of growth and the _______ redistribution of auxin causes a growth response to an environmental stimulus that is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  polar; lateral; morphogenesis 
B)  lateral; polar; tropism 
C)  polar; lateral; tropism 
D)  upward; downward; morphogenesis 
E)  downward; upward; tropism 
A)  polar; lateral; morphogenesis 
B)  lateral; polar; tropism 
C)  polar; lateral; tropism 
D)  upward; downward; morphogenesis 
E)  downward; upward; tropism

Question 10

The likely result of treating a shoot cutting with auxin would be

Accepted Answer

A)  extensive root production. 
B)  suppression of apical dominance. 
C)  the growth of lateral buds. 
D)  bolting of the shoot. 
E)  nothing. 
A)  extensive root production. 
B)  suppression of apical dominance. 
C)  the growth of lateral buds. 
D)  bolting of the shoot. 
E)  nothing.

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing an ethylene signal transduction pathway.  
-What is the first event that occurs after ethylene binds to its receptor?

Accepted Answer

Protein B

Question 12

The "wall-loosening factor" from the cytoplasm is now believed to be

Accepted Answer

A)  auxins. 
B)  cellulose-digesting enzymes. 
C)  starch-digesting enzymes. 
D)  expansins. 
E)  calcium ions. 
A)  auxins. 
B)  cellulose-digesting enzymes. 
C)  starch-digesting enzymes. 
D)  expansins. 
E)  calcium ions.

Question 13

Eudicot seedlings form an apical _______ to protect the stem while it grows through the soil.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Eudicot seedlings form an apical _______ to...

Question 14

If a shoot cutting is treated with auxin, which of the following is likely to result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extensive root production 
B)  Suppression of apical dominance 
C)  Growth of lateral buds 
D)  Bolting of the shoot 
E)  Flowering 
A)  Extensive root production 
B)  Suppression of apical dominance 
C)  Growth of lateral buds 
D)  Bolting of the shoot 
E)  Flowering

Question 15

To make seedless grapes grow to normal size, growers spray or treat them with

Accepted Answer

A)  cytokinins. 
B)  nitric oxide. 
C)  ethylene. 
D)  auxin solution. 
E)  gibberellin solution. 
A)  cytokinins. 
B)  nitric oxide. 
C)  ethylene. 
D)  auxin solution. 
E)  gibberellin solution.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing seed germination.  
-Where do the enzymes shown in seed 3 come from?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the following to answer questions :
Refer...

Question 17

What is the difference between the cytokinins kinetin and zeatin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kinetin is found only in aged DNA, whereas zeatin is found only in fresh DNA. 
B)  Kinetin is the active form of zeatin. 
C)  Zeatin is the active form of kinetin. 
D)  Only zeatin is a naturally occurring plant cytokinin. 
E)  Zeatin is a synthetic cytokinin, whereas kinetin is natural. 
A)  Kinetin is found only in aged DNA, whereas zeatin is found only in fresh DNA. 
B)  Kinetin is the active form of zeatin. 
C)  Zeatin is the active form of kinetin. 
D)  Only zeatin is a naturally occurring plant cytokinin. 
E)  Zeatin is a synthetic cytokinin, whereas kinetin is natural.

Question 18

Which statement about the dormancy of seeds is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abrasion of the seed coat may break dormancy. 
B)  Seeds often break dormancy when still attached to the parent plant. 
C)  Exposure of seeds to fire may break dormancy. 
D)  Light inhibits seed germination in some species. 
E)  Soaking some seeds in water promotes germination. 
A)  Abrasion of the seed coat may break dormancy. 
B)  Seeds often break dormancy when still attached to the parent plant. 
C)  Exposure of seeds to fire may break dormancy. 
D)  Light inhibits seed germination in some species. 
E)  Soaking some seeds in water promotes germination.

Question 19

Etiolated seedlings are produced by germinating seeds that are kept in total darkness. Plants that are kept in the dark will begin to synthesize chlorophyll after they are given a pulse of

Accepted Answer

A)  blue light. 
B)  red light. 
C)  red light followed by a pulse of far-red light. 
D)  far-red light followed by a pulse of red light. 
E)  ultraviolet light. 
A)  blue light. 
B)  red light. 
C)  red light followed by a pulse of far-red light. 
D)  far-red light followed by a pulse of red light. 
E)  ultraviolet light.

Question 20

Explain how auxin distribution regulates phototropism and gravitropism.

Accepted Answer

Lateral distribution of auxin controls p

Exam 37: Regulation of Plant Growth

Bolting, or rapid stem elongation, is induced by

Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying the "foolish seedling" disease of _______, in which seedlings_______.

Which of the following is an example or characteristic of plant tropisms?

Cytokinins are most abundant in which area of the plant?

Seeds

Cytokinins interact with which other hormone?

Phytochrome

Radishes are examples of cytokinins affecting _______ by causing pronounced swelling.

The _______ transport of auxin establishes the orientation of growth and the _______ redistribution of auxin causes a growth response to an environmental stimulus that is called _______.

The likely result of treating a shoot cutting with auxin would be

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing an ethylene signal transduction pathway. -What is the first event that occurs after ethylene binds to its receptor?

The "wall-loosening factor" from the cytoplasm is now believed to be

Eudicot seedlings form an apical _______ to protect the stem while it grows through the soil.

If a shoot cutting is treated with auxin, which of the following is likely to result?

To make seedless grapes grow to normal size, growers spray or treat them with

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing seed germination. -Where do the enzymes shown in seed 3 come from?

What is the difference between the cytokinins kinetin and zeatin?

Which statement about the dormancy of seeds is false?

Etiolated seedlings are produced by germinating seeds that are kept in total darkness. Plants that are kept in the dark will begin to synthesize chlorophyll after they are given a pulse of

Explain how auxin distribution regulates phototropism and gravitropism.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

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The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

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Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

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Gibberellins were discovered by the biologist Eiichi Kurosawa while he was studying the "foolish seedling" disease of _, in which seedlings_.

The ___ transport of auxin establishes the orientation of growth and the _ redistribution of auxin causes a growth response to an environmental stimulus that is called _____.