Question 1

The processes of climate change are likely to lead to entirely new climates

Accepted Answer

A)  in the highlands of the temperate zone. 
B)  in the lowlands of the temperate zone. 
C)  in the lowland tropics. 
D)  in the alpine tropics. 
E)  near the Arctic circle. 
A)  in the highlands of the temperate zone. 
B)  in the lowlands of the temperate zone. 
C)  in the lowland tropics. 
D)  in the alpine tropics. 
E)  near the Arctic circle.

Question 2

The practice of using exploited lands in ways that sustain biodiversity is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  restoration ecology. 
B)  reconciliation ecology. 
C)  reparative ecology. 
D)  fragmentation ecology. 
E)  Kubrick's principle. 
A)  restoration ecology. 
B)  reconciliation ecology. 
C)  reparative ecology. 
D)  fragmentation ecology. 
E)  Kubrick's principle.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about introduced species is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zebra mussels were deliberately introduced into the United States. 
B)  Nearly half of the small- to medium-sized marsupials of Australia went extinct in the last 100 years due to introduced species. 
C)  Native plants usually devote less energy to combating native herbivores than introduced plants do. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  Zebra mussels were deliberately introduced into the United States. 
B)  Nearly half of the small- to medium-sized marsupials of Australia went extinct in the last 100 years due to introduced species. 
C)  Native plants usually devote less energy to combating native herbivores than introduced plants do. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c

Question 4

Our ability to predict how many species will go extinct is limited because of our limited knowledge about

Accepted Answer

A)  how many species exist. 
B)  where species live. 
C)  all the connections among species. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  how many species exist. 
B)  where species live. 
C)  all the connections among species. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

A defect of the "hotspot" approach to conserving biodiversity is that it does not direct attention to

Accepted Answer

A)  regions of low species richness that may nevertheless contain unique species or ecological communities. 
B)  marine regions. 
C)  regions with a high number of endemic species. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  regions of low species richness that may nevertheless contain unique species or ecological communities. 
B)  marine regions. 
C)  regions with a high number of endemic species. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

Centers of imminent extinction are clustered in the continents of _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  North America; South America 
B)  North America; Europe 
C)  North America; Asia 
D)  North America; Australia 
E)  South America; Asia 
A)  North America; South America 
B)  North America; Europe 
C)  North America; Asia 
D)  North America; Australia 
E)  South America; Asia

Question 7

Which of the following is not currently a major cause of the global reduction in biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overexploitation 
B)  Global warming 
C)  Habitat destruction 
D)  Introduction of foreign predators and disease 
E)  All of the above are currently major causes of extinction. 
A)  Overexploitation 
B)  Global warming 
C)  Habitat destruction 
D)  Introduction of foreign predators and disease 
E)  All of the above are currently major causes of extinction.

Question 8

Deoxygenating ballast water

Accepted Answer

A)  helps eliminate the transoceanic transport of invasive species. 
B)  would be economically costly to the shippers. 
C)  extends the life of ballast tanks. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  helps eliminate the transoceanic transport of invasive species. 
B)  would be economically costly to the shippers. 
C)  extends the life of ballast tanks. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c

Question 9

The fynbos shrub community in South Africa

Accepted Answer

A)  is threatened by introduced species of taller, faster-growing plants. 
B)  is a fire-adapted community. 
C)  helps maintain a regional supply of high-quality water. 
D)  includes thousands of plant species found nowhere else in the world. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  is threatened by introduced species of taller, faster-growing plants. 
B)  is a fire-adapted community. 
C)  helps maintain a regional supply of high-quality water. 
D)  includes thousands of plant species found nowhere else in the world. 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is not a reason for the dramatic increase in the number of species driven to extinction in recent years?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overexploitation 
B)  Habitat destruction 
C)  Introduction of predators 
D)  Natural predation 
E)  Introduction of diseases 
A)  Overexploitation 
B)  Habitat destruction 
C)  Introduction of predators 
D)  Natural predation 
E)  Introduction of diseases

Question 11

In the United States, the groups of organisms with the highest proportion of endangered or extinct species live in

Accepted Answer

A)  grasslands. 
B)  the deciduous forest biome. 
C)  freshwater habitats. 
D)  deserts. 
E)  temperate evergreen forest. 
A)  grasslands. 
B)  the deciduous forest biome. 
C)  freshwater habitats. 
D)  deserts. 
E)  temperate evergreen forest.

Question 12

The American Prairie Foundation's practice of buying up ranches in Montana with the aim of reintroducing bison and other species is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat preservation. 
B)  restoration ecology. 
C)  invasive ecology. 
D)  biocontrol. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  habitat preservation. 
B)  restoration ecology. 
C)  invasive ecology. 
D)  biocontrol. 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

Why does fragmentation of habitats reduce the ability to support biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  More fragmented habitats are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
B)  Some species need a minimum amount of habitat to support a population and survive. 
C)  The fraction of a patch influenced by external factors increases rapidly as patch size decreases. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  More fragmented habitats are more vulnerable to edge effects. 
B)  Some species need a minimum amount of habitat to support a population and survive. 
C)  The fraction of a patch influenced by external factors increases rapidly as patch size decreases. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 14

A species that is found only in a particular region is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  an indicator species for that region. 
B)  a restricted species. 
C)  a vulnerable species. 
D)  endemic to that region. 
E)  demographically constrained. 
A)  an indicator species for that region. 
B)  a restricted species. 
C)  a vulnerable species. 
D)  endemic to that region. 
E)  demographically constrained.

Question 15

The relationship of the number of species to habitat size is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  species-area relationship. 
B)  island biogeography. 
C)  extinction modeling. 
D)  population-growth modeling. 
E)  population-habitat analysis. 
A)  species-area relationship. 
B)  island biogeography. 
C)  extinction modeling. 
D)  population-growth modeling. 
E)  population-habitat analysis.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biologists have a good idea of the number of species on Earth. 
B)  One factor that limits our ability to predict the number of species that will go extinct in the next 50 years is our lack of knowledge about the geographic ranges of species. 
C)  If humans did not exist, no species would go extinct in the next 100 years. 
D)  The process of determining whether a species is extinct is not difficult. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Biologists have a good idea of the number of species on Earth. 
B)  One factor that limits our ability to predict the number of species that will go extinct in the next 50 years is our lack of knowledge about the geographic ranges of species. 
C)  If humans did not exist, no species would go extinct in the next 100 years. 
D)  The process of determining whether a species is extinct is not difficult. 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

Why does the fraction of a patch that is subject to edge effects increase as habitat fragmentation increases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small patches cannot maintain populations of species that require large areas. 
B)  Species from surrounding habitats often colonize edges to compete with or prey upon the species living there. 
C)  The smaller a patch of habitat, the greater the proportion of that patch that is influenced by conditions in the surrounding environment. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Small patches cannot maintain populations of species that require large areas. 
B)  Species from surrounding habitats often colonize edges to compete with or prey upon the species living there. 
C)  The smaller a patch of habitat, the greater the proportion of that patch that is influenced by conditions in the surrounding environment. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 18

The legal mechanism for prohibiting the exploitation of endangered species is an international agreement known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The legal mechanism for prohibiting the exploitation...

Question 19

In the graph below, select the curve (a, b, or c) that correctly shows the expected relationship between habitat patch area and the proportion influenced by edge effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the graph below, select the curve...

Question 20

_______ ecology is the intentional transformation of a degraded habitat to a more natural state.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ ecology is the intentional transformation of...

Exam 59: Conservation Biology

The processes of climate change are likely to lead to entirely new climates

The practice of using exploited lands in ways that sustain biodiversity is known as

Which of the following statements about introduced species is true?

Our ability to predict how many species will go extinct is limited because of our limited knowledge about

A defect of the "hotspot" approach to conserving biodiversity is that it does not direct attention to

Centers of imminent extinction are clustered in the continents of _______ and _______.

Which of the following is not currently a major cause of the global reduction in biodiversity?

Deoxygenating ballast water

The fynbos shrub community in South Africa

Which of the following is not a reason for the dramatic increase in the number of species driven to extinction in recent years?

In the United States, the groups of organisms with the highest proportion of endangered or extinct species live in

The American Prairie Foundation's practice of buying up ranches in Montana with the aim of reintroducing bison and other species is an example of

Why does fragmentation of habitats reduce the ability to support biodiversity?

A species that is found only in a particular region is said to be

The relationship of the number of species to habitat size is known as

Which of the following statements is true?

Why does the fraction of a patch that is subject to edge effects increase as habitat fragmentation increases?

The legal mechanism for prohibiting the exploitation of endangered species is an international agreement known as _______.

In the graph below, select the curve (a, b, or c) that correctly shows the expected relationship between habitat patch area and the proportion influenced by edge effects.

_______ ecology is the intentional transformation of a degraded habitat to a more natural state.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Filters

Centers of imminent extinction are clustered in the continents of _ and _.