Exam 34: Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Which of the following have been implicated in the origin of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)? 1) Oxygen toxicity 2) Malnutrition 3) Mechanical ventilation

What is associated with ball-valve obstruction in meconium aspiration syndrome?

What treatment usually causes improvement in the initial treatment of transient tachypnea of the newborn?

In which infants is the surfactant administered as rescue?

Which test is commonly used to confirm the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?

What percentage of births will present with meconium-stained amniotic fluid?

In which of the following defects is heart transplantation an accepted option for treatment?

Which of the following therapies is least likely to be needed in the child with epiglottitis?

What is the leading cause of death among patients with cystic fibrosis?

What are the major factors in the pathophysiology of RDS? 1) Qualitative surfactant deficiency 2) Increased alveolar surface area 3) Increased small airways compliance 4) Presence of the ductus arteriosus

Which of the following are used to diagnose GER? 1) Esophageal pH testing 2) Chest radiograph 3) Upper GI contrast studies 4) Gastric scintiscanning

Which of the following is the most common radiographic finding that suggests the presence of croup?

Which of the following is an example of an internal obstruction to the infant's airway?

Which of the following therapies has little effect on long-term outcome such as mortality and duration of oxygen therapy in infants with BPD?

Which of the following factors may stimulate pulmonary vascular spasm and cause persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn? 1) Hypoxemia 2) Hypoglycemia 3) Hypotension 4) Pain

Which of the following maternal characteristics are associated with an increased frequency of SIDS? 1) Younger than 20 years 2) Low socioeconomic status 3) Cigarette smoking 4) History of asthma

Another name for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is:

Which of the following clinical signs is not consistent with the onset of RDS?

Which of the following are common neuromuscular defect that affect infants? 1) Spinal muscular atrophy 2) Congenital myasthenia gravis 3) Myotonic dystrophy 4) Poliomyelitis

What is the likely diagnosis of an 18-month-old patient in moderate respiratory distress with a 1-week history of a low-grade fever and chills, barking cough, and an AP chest radiograph which shows a steeple sign?