Question 1

Which of the following clinical findings is not typically seen in patients with epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  High fever 
B)  Stridor 
C)  Barking cough 
D)  Drooling 
A)  High fever 
B)  Stridor 
C)  Barking cough 
D)  Drooling

Question 2

Which of the following are associated with causing apnea in premature infants?
1) Gender
2) Intracranial lesion
3) Gastroesophageal reflux
4) Impaired oxygenation

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 3

What treatment is indicated for infants with transient tachypnea requiring higher FiO2?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frequent turning of the infant 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Mechanical ventilation 
D)  CPAP 
A)  Frequent turning of the infant 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Mechanical ventilation 
D)  CPAP

Question 4

Which of the following therapies is considered controversial in the management of the infant with severe bronchiolitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydration 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Bronchodilator therapy 
D)  CPAP 
A)  Hydration 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Bronchodilator therapy 
D)  CPAP

Question 5

What diagnostic parameter is most often used to confirm the diagnosis of RDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arterial blood gases 
B)  Chest radiograph 
C)  Pulmonary function test 
D)  Serum enzymes 
A)  Arterial blood gases 
B)  Chest radiograph 
C)  Pulmonary function test 
D)  Serum enzymes

Question 6

Which of the following is false regarding ventricular septal defects in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are quite common. 
B)  Usually cause right-to-left shunting. 
C)  May cause congestive heart failure. 
D)  Usually do not appear immediately after birth. 
A)  Are quite common. 
B)  Usually cause right-to-left shunting. 
C)  May cause congestive heart failure. 
D)  Usually do not appear immediately after birth.

Question 7

Which of the following findings are typical for infants with bronchiolitis?
1) Stridor
2) Wheezing
3) Dyspnea
4) Tachypnea

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 8

You are caring for an infant with RDS. Nasal CPAP has been used; however, the infant suddenly deteriorates and is demonstrating severe hypoxemia on an FiO2 of 0.60. What should be done next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase the CPAP. 
B)  Intubate the infant and begin mechanical ventilation. 
C)  Switch to nasal CPAP. 
D)  Increase the FiO2. 
A)  Increase the CPAP. 
B)  Intubate the infant and begin mechanical ventilation. 
C)  Switch to nasal CPAP. 
D)  Increase the FiO2.

Question 9

Which of the following is the most common radiographic finding that suggests the presence of epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thumb sign 
B)  Flail chest 
C)  Sail sign 
D)  Steeple sign 
A)  Thumb sign 
B)  Flail chest 
C)  Sail sign 
D)  Steeple sign

Question 10

What clinical finding is typically seen with BPD infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Areas of air trapping on the chest film 
B)  Areas of consolidation on the chest film 
C)  Hypoxemia and hypercapnia 
D)  Hypocapnia 
A)  Areas of air trapping on the chest film 
B)  Areas of consolidation on the chest film 
C)  Hypoxemia and hypercapnia 
D)  Hypocapnia

Question 11

Clinical findings associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia include which of the following?
1) Severe cyanosis
2) Decreased breath sounds
3) Displaced heart sounds
4) Hepatomegaly

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 12

What is believed to be the cause of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Persistent hypoxemia 
B)  Immature surfactant 
C)  Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid 
D)  Persistent fetal circulation 
A)  Persistent hypoxemia 
B)  Immature surfactant 
C)  Delayed clearance of fetal lung fluid 
D)  Persistent fetal circulation

Question 13

What therapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of bronchiectatic exacerbations in the patient with cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autogenic lung drainage 
B)  Inhaled tobramycin 
C)  Chest physical therapy 
D)  Bronchodilator therapy 
A)  Autogenic lung drainage 
B)  Inhaled tobramycin 
C)  Chest physical therapy 
D)  Bronchodilator therapy

Question 14

What radiographic finding is common in infants with transient tachypnea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low lung volumes 
B)  Bilateral perihilar lymphadenopathy 
C)  Hyperinflation 
D)  Mucus plugging 
A)  Low lung volumes 
B)  Bilateral perihilar lymphadenopathy 
C)  Hyperinflation 
D)  Mucus plugging

Question 15

Which of the following is the most common defect of the abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inguinal hernia 
B)  Omphalocele 
C)  Gastroschisis 
D)  Agenesis of abdominal muscles 
A)  Inguinal hernia 
B)  Omphalocele 
C)  Gastroschisis 
D)  Agenesis of abdominal muscles

Question 16

Which of the following infant characteristics is associated with an increased risk of SIDS?

Accepted Answer

A)  Female gender 
B)  Preterm birth 
C)  High Apgar score 
D)  Full-term birth 
A)  Female gender 
B)  Preterm birth 
C)  High Apgar score 
D)  Full-term birth

Question 17

Treatment of the infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension may include which of the following?
1) ECMO
2) High-frequency ventilation
3) Nitric oxide
4) Caffeine citrate

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 3 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 3 and 4 only 
D) 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 18

Which of the following diagnostic tools serves to confirm the diagnosis of congenital heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sweat test 
B)  Fluoroscopy 
C)  Chest radiography 
D)  Ultrasound 
A)  Sweat test 
B)  Fluoroscopy 
C)  Chest radiography 
D)  Ultrasound

Question 19

How soon after birth does the ductus typically close?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 days 
B)  3 to 4 days 
C)  5 to 7 days 
D)  10 days 
A)  1 to 2 days 
B)  3 to 4 days 
C)  5 to 7 days 
D)  10 days

Question 20

Which of the following disease is not commonly associated with bronchiolitis and least likely to result in respiratory failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infant with congenital heart failure 
B)  Infant with BPD 
C)  Child with cystic fibrosis 
D)  Pneumonia 
A)  Infant with congenital heart failure 
B)  Infant with BPD 
C)  Child with cystic fibrosis 
D)  Pneumonia

Exam 34: Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Which of the following clinical findings is not typically seen in patients with epiglottitis?

Which of the following are associated with causing apnea in premature infants? 1) Gender 2) Intracranial lesion 3) Gastroesophageal reflux 4) Impaired oxygenation

What treatment is indicated for infants with transient tachypnea requiring higher FiO2?

Which of the following therapies is considered controversial in the management of the infant with severe bronchiolitis?

What diagnostic parameter is most often used to confirm the diagnosis of RDS?

Which of the following is false regarding ventricular septal defects in infants?

Which of the following findings are typical for infants with bronchiolitis? 1) Stridor 2) Wheezing 3) Dyspnea 4) Tachypnea

You are caring for an infant with RDS. Nasal CPAP has been used; however, the infant suddenly deteriorates and is demonstrating severe hypoxemia on an FiO2 of 0.60. What should be done next?

Which of the following is the most common radiographic finding that suggests the presence of epiglottitis?

What clinical finding is typically seen with BPD infants?

Clinical findings associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia include which of the following? 1) Severe cyanosis 2) Decreased breath sounds 3) Displaced heart sounds 4) Hepatomegaly

What is believed to be the cause of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN)?

What therapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of bronchiectatic exacerbations in the patient with cystic fibrosis?

What radiographic finding is common in infants with transient tachypnea?

Which of the following is the most common defect of the abdominal wall?

Which of the following infant characteristics is associated with an increased risk of SIDS?

Treatment of the infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension may include which of the following? 1) ECMO 2) High-frequency ventilation 3) Nitric oxide 4) Caffeine citrate

Which of the following diagnostic tools serves to confirm the diagnosis of congenital heart disease?

How soon after birth does the ductus typically close?

Which of the following disease is not commonly associated with bronchiolitis and least likely to result in respiratory failure?

History of Respiratory Care

Delivering Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Quality, Patient Safety, and Communication, and Recordkeeping

Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

E-Medicine in Respiratory Care

Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Research

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

Review of Thoracic Imaging

Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Respiratory Therapist

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Airway Clearance Therapy Act

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Patient Ventilator Interaction

Initiating and Adjusting Invasive Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Ventilation

Extracorporeal Life Support Ecls

Monitoring the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

Filters

What treatment is indicated for infants with transient tachypnea requiring higher FiO₂?

You are caring for an infant with RDS. Nasal CPAP has been used; however, the infant suddenly deteriorates and is demonstrating severe hypoxemia on an FiO₂ of 0.60. What should be done next?