Question 1

Which of the following would be the more common route for nosocomial pathogens to be transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  Directly patient to patient 
B)  Fecal-oral route 
C)  Aerosol route 
D)  Via the health care worker 
A)  Directly patient to patient 
B)  Fecal-oral route 
C)  Aerosol route 
D)  Via the health care worker

Question 2

Which of the following organisms have been found to colonize the oropharynx of healthy individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coccidioides immitis 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
D)  Mycobacterium 
A)  Coccidioides immitis 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
D)  Mycobacterium

Question 3

In order to determine the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, what diagnostic procedure might be done by a respiratory therapist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchial biopsy 
B)  Mini bronchoalveolar lavage 
C)  Protected specimen brush 
D)  Transthoracic ultrathin needle aspiration 
A)  Bronchial biopsy 
B)  Mini bronchoalveolar lavage 
C)  Protected specimen brush 
D)  Transthoracic ultrathin needle aspiration

Question 4

What has been found to be a common cause of pneumonia in HIV-positive patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Klebsiella 
B)  Pneumocystis jiroveci 
C)  Staphylococcus 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
A)  Klebsiella 
B)  Pneumocystis jiroveci 
C)  Staphylococcus 
D)  Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 5

What finding is usually used to confirm the diagnosis of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of central cyanosis 
B)  New cough or new characteristic to the cough 
C)  New fever 
D)  New infiltrate on chest radiograph 
A)  Development of central cyanosis 
B)  New cough or new characteristic to the cough 
C)  New fever 
D)  New infiltrate on chest radiograph

Question 6

What term is used to describe objects capable of transmitting infection through physical contact with them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Consolidates 
B)  Contaminants 
C)  Fomites 
D)  Vectors 
A)  Consolidates 
B)  Contaminants 
C)  Fomites 
D)  Vectors

Question 7

A patient comes into the emergency department presenting with signs and symptoms of pneumonia. While taking the patient's history, it is determined that 2 months ago the patient spent 3 days in the hospital for acute angina. Since then the patient has been stable on medication. What type of pneumonia is this patient most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  CAP 
B)  HAP 
C)  HCAP 
D)  VAP 
A)  CAP 
B)  HAP 
C)  HCAP 
D)  VAP

Question 8

Which group of patients is most likely to develop pneumonia subsequent to large-volume aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute respiratory distress syndrome 
B)  Alcohol toxicity 
C)  Diabetes mellitus 
D)  Obstructive sleep apnea 
A)  Acute respiratory distress syndrome 
B)  Alcohol toxicity 
C)  Diabetes mellitus 
D)  Obstructive sleep apnea

Question 9

What organism is likely to be responsible for pneumonia that is community acquired and produces a hoarse voice in the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia pneumoniae 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Legionella 
D)  Mycoplasma 
A)  Chlamydia pneumoniae 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae 
C)  Legionella 
D)  Mycoplasma

Question 10

Which of the following clinical conditions are often associated with a normal chest radiograph in the patient with pneumonia?
1) Dehydration
2) Early infection
3) Klebsiella pneumonia
4) Pneumocystis jiroveci infection

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, and 4 only 
B) 2 and 3 only 
C) 1 only 
D) 3 and 4 only 
A) 1, 2, and 4 only 
B) 2 and 3 only 
C) 1 only 
D) 3 and 4 only

Question 11

In the patient suspected of having tuberculosis, what finding on Gram stain would result in the initiation of antituberculosis medications?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acid-fast bacilli 
B)  Gram-negative rods 
C)  Pleomorphic cocci 
D)  Presence of gram-negative cocci 
A)  Acid-fast bacilli 
B)  Gram-negative rods 
C)  Pleomorphic cocci 
D)  Presence of gram-negative cocci

Question 12

What mechanism has been found to be useful in minimizing the development of pneumonia associated with intubated patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevation of the head of the bed 
B)  Frequent suctioning through the endotracheal tube 
C)  Maintaining the patient on severe fluid restriction 
D)  Use of tracheal gas insufflation 
A)  Elevation of the head of the bed 
B)  Frequent suctioning through the endotracheal tube 
C)  Maintaining the patient on severe fluid restriction 
D)  Use of tracheal gas insufflation

Question 13

Which of the following mechanisms is an uncommon route for the spread of pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspiration of infectious particles 
B)  Inhalation of infectious particles 
C)  Through the bloodstream 
D)  Direct contact 
A)  Aspiration of infectious particles 
B)  Inhalation of infectious particles 
C)  Through the bloodstream 
D)  Direct contact

Question 14

What finding on the chest radiograph is typical for a viral pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interstitial infiltrates 
B)  Lobar consolidation 
C)  Patchy infiltrate surrounding one bronchus or several bronchi 
D)  Pleural effusion 
A)  Interstitial infiltrates 
B)  Lobar consolidation 
C)  Patchy infiltrate surrounding one bronchus or several bronchi 
D)  Pleural effusion

Question 15

An elderly patient comes in with failure to thrive, shortness of breath, confusion, and worsening congestive heart failure. What is most likely the patient's primary problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  An atypical pneumonia 
B)  Aspiration pneumonia 
C)  Community-acquired pneumonia 
D)  Tuberculosis 
A)  An atypical pneumonia 
B)  Aspiration pneumonia 
C)  Community-acquired pneumonia 
D)  Tuberculosis

Question 16

What is an often-neglected but very important component of preventing transmission of pathogens between patients, particularly those who are ventilated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate antibiotic therapy 
B)  Brushing of teeth 
C)  Handwashing 
D)  Use of negative-pressure rooms 
A)  Adequate antibiotic therapy 
B)  Brushing of teeth 
C)  Handwashing 
D)  Use of negative-pressure rooms

Exam 24: Pulmonary Infections

Which of the following would be the more common route for nosocomial pathogens to be transmitted?

Which of the following organisms have been found to colonize the oropharynx of healthy individuals?

In order to determine the presence of ventilator-associated pneumonia, what diagnostic procedure might be done by a respiratory therapist?

What has been found to be a common cause of pneumonia in HIV-positive patients?

What finding is usually used to confirm the diagnosis of pneumonia?

What term is used to describe objects capable of transmitting infection through physical contact with them?

Which group of patients is most likely to develop pneumonia subsequent to large-volume aspiration?

What organism is likely to be responsible for pneumonia that is community acquired and produces a hoarse voice in the patient?

Which of the following clinical conditions are often associated with a normal chest radiograph in the patient with pneumonia? 1) Dehydration 2) Early infection 3) Klebsiella pneumonia 4) Pneumocystis jiroveci infection

In the patient suspected of having tuberculosis, what finding on Gram stain would result in the initiation of antituberculosis medications?

What mechanism has been found to be useful in minimizing the development of pneumonia associated with intubated patients?

Which of the following mechanisms is an uncommon route for the spread of pneumonia?

What finding on the chest radiograph is typical for a viral pneumonia?

An elderly patient comes in with failure to thrive, shortness of breath, confusion, and worsening congestive heart failure. What is most likely the patient's primary problem?

What is an often-neglected but very important component of preventing transmission of pathogens between patients, particularly those who are ventilated?

History of Respiratory Care

Delivering Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Quality, Patient Safety, and Communication, and Recordkeeping

Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

E-Medicine in Respiratory Care

Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Research

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

Review of Thoracic Imaging

Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Respiratory Therapist

Nutrition Assessment

Obstructive Lung Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Airway Clearance Therapy Act

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Patient Ventilator Interaction

Initiating and Adjusting Invasive Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Ventilation

Extracorporeal Life Support Ecls

Monitoring the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

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