Exam 24: Pulmonary Infections

Which of the following organisms that cause pneumonia is most likely to result in a positive blood culture?

What clinical finding should raise your suspicion that a patient has developed hospital-acquired pneumonia?

In what type of pneumonia is diarrhea a common symptom?

What would be important to perform in order to obtain a good sputum sample that is to be used to detect the pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia?

In what percentage of patients with pneumonia has no microbial agent been isolated?

A 45-year-old patient diagnosed with pneumonia has received appropriate antibiotic therapy. Radiographic resolution is most often seen within what time period?

What type of lung infection is most commonly associated with cavitating lesions on the chest radiograph?

Which of the following represents an example of atypical community-acquired pneumonia?

Your patient has community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Which of the following symptoms are common with this type of pneumonia? 1) Cough with purulent sputum 2) Diarrhea 3) Low fever 4) Shaking chills

An intubated, mechanically ventilated patient is suspected of developing nosocomial pneumonia. The pulmonologist decides to perform a bronchoscopy. Which bronchoscopy findings would be consistent with pneumonia? 1) Alveolar collapse 2) Distal purulent secretions 3) Persistent secretions surging from distal bronchi during exhalation 4) P/F ratio less than 50

What is the drug of choice for the patient with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia?

What organism is associated with the highest mortality rate for patients with pneumonia?

Which of the following are common laboratory findings found in adults with suspected community-acquired pneumonia? 1) Acidemia 2) Proteinuria 3) Azotemia 4) Hyponatremia

For a patient with pneumonia with coexisting cardiopulmonary disease, according to the ATS guidelines, what single antibiotic could be given as empiric treatment?

What time line has been established to initiate antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia who are admitted to the hospital that will result in improved survival?

Via what route is tuberculosis spread?

What might be indicated by failure of the patient's temperature to normalize 4 or 5 days after the start of antibiotic therapy? 1) A closed-space infection 2) Drug fever 3) A missed pathogen

Which of the following would interfere with the collection of a good sputum sample for Gram stain? 1) Contamination of the sample with oral secretions 2) Lack of productive cough 3) Prior antibiotic therapy 4) Rinsing with mouthwash prior to sputum collection

Which of the following clinical findings is not associated with an increased risk of death in the patient with pneumonia?

What percent of patients with community-acquired pneumonia have a parapneumonic pleural effusion?