Question 1

What is the function of antidiuretic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to sodium so more is reabsorbed. 
B)  It causes a high volume of less concentrated urine to be produced. 
C)  It increases aldosterone secretion. 
D)  It decreases renin secretion. 
E)  It increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water so more is reabsorbed. 
A)  It increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to sodium so more is reabsorbed. 
B)  It causes a high volume of less concentrated urine to be produced. 
C)  It increases aldosterone secretion. 
D)  It decreases renin secretion. 
E)  It increases the permeability of the collecting ducts to water so more is reabsorbed.

Question 2

When you drink a large volume of water, the release of ____ by the pituitary gland ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone; increases 
B)  aldosterone; decreases 
C)  ADH; increases 
D)  ADH; decreases 
E)  ANP; increases 
A)  aldosterone; increases 
B)  aldosterone; decreases 
C)  ADH; increases 
D)  ADH; decreases 
E)  ANP; increases

Question 3

Blood flows from the efferent arterioles directly into the peritubular capillaries .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Most reabsorption occurs in the distal convoluted tubule .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Figure 48-1   Which structure in the accompanying figure represents the nitrogenous waste urea?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 6

Which of the following would be secreted across the tubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium ions 
B)  vitamins 
C)  creatinine 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  glucose 
A)  sodium ions 
B)  vitamins 
C)  creatinine 
D)  carbon dioxide 
E)  glucose

Question 7

The ureters connect the:

Accepted Answer

A)  bladder to the body exterior. 
B)  kidney to the bladder. 
C)  bladder to the urethra. 
D)  kidney to the body exterior. 
E)  kidney to the urethra. 
A)  bladder to the body exterior. 
B)  kidney to the bladder. 
C)  bladder to the urethra. 
D)  kidney to the body exterior. 
E)  kidney to the urethra.

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: animals who maintain an optimal salt concentration in their bodies

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmolarity and interstitial fluid and osmoregulation and is...

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: number of osmoles of solute per liter of solution

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmoconformers and osmolarity and osmoregulation and excretion is...

Question 10

ADH makes the walls of the collecting duct more permeable to water .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: tubules with no internal openings containing flame cells

Accepted Answer

The Answer of protonephridia and Malpighian tubules and metanephridia and is...

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: the first part of the nephron to receive filtrate

Accepted Answer

The Answer of loop of Henle and ureter and distal is...

Question 13

The secretion of ____ is an important homeostatic mechanism involved in maintaining normal heart rhythm.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen ions 
B)  potassium ions 
C)  water 
D)  glucose 
E)  urea 
A)  hydrogen ions 
B)  potassium ions 
C)  water 
D)  glucose 
E)  urea

Question 14

Compare and contrast the osmoregulatory challenges and solutions used by sharks and freshwater fishes.

Accepted Answer

Freshwater fishes live in a hypotonic en

Question 15

Birds store most of their waste nitrogen as uric acid .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: has an ascending limb and a descending limb

Accepted Answer

The Answer of ureter and Bowman's capsule and proximal convoluted is...

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: ADH makes the walls of this structure permeable to water

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Bowman's capsule and glomerulus and ureter and is...

Question 18

The main difference between protonephridia and metanephridia is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  protonephridia are involved in osmoregulation, while metanephridia are involved in excretion. 
B)  protonephridia consist of blind flame cells, while metanephridia consist of tubules open at both ends. 
C)  protonephridia are involved in excretion, while metanephridia are involved in osmoregulation. 
D)  protonephridia consist of tubules open at both ends, while metanephridia consist of blind flame cells. 
E)  protonephridia are found in annelids and metanephridia are found in flatworms. 
A)  protonephridia are involved in osmoregulation, while metanephridia are involved in excretion. 
B)  protonephridia consist of blind flame cells, while metanephridia consist of tubules open at both ends. 
C)  protonephridia are involved in excretion, while metanephridia are involved in osmoregulation. 
D)  protonephridia consist of tubules open at both ends, while metanephridia consist of blind flame cells. 
E)  protonephridia are found in annelids and metanephridia are found in flatworms.

Question 19

Osmoconformers would most likely be found in:

Accepted Answer

A)  estuaries. 
B)  coastal zones that receive freshwater. 
C)  freshwater. 
D)  terrestrial habitats. 
E)  open ocean waters. 
A)  estuaries. 
B)  coastal zones that receive freshwater. 
C)  freshwater. 
D)  terrestrial habitats. 
E)  open ocean waters.

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: excreted by some aquatic animals and wood lice

Accepted Answer

The Answer of uric acid and ammonia and urea is...

Exam 48: Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

What is the function of antidiuretic hormone?

When you drink a large volume of water, the release of ____ by the pituitary gland ____.

Blood flows from the efferent arterioles directly into the peritubular capillaries .

Most reabsorption occurs in the distal convoluted tubule .

Figure 48-1 Which structure in the accompanying figure represents the nitrogenous waste urea?

Which of the following would be secreted across the tubule?

The ureters connect the:

ADH makes the walls of the collecting duct more permeable to water .

The secretion of ____ is an important homeostatic mechanism involved in maintaining normal heart rhythm.

Compare and contrast the osmoregulatory challenges and solutions used by sharks and freshwater fishes.

Birds store most of their waste nitrogen as uric acid .

The main difference between protonephridia and metanephridia is that:

Osmoconformers would most likely be found in:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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When you drink a large volume of water, the release of by the pituitary gland .