Question 1

What does the process of differential centrifugation achieve?

Accepted Answer

A)  It analyzes the chemical components of the cell. 
B)  It allows researchers to view the contents of the cells. 
C)  It separates components of the cell that have different densities. 
D)  It separates different components of the cell that function differently. 
E)  It separates components of the cell that have a different chemical makeup. 
A)  It analyzes the chemical components of the cell. 
B)  It allows researchers to view the contents of the cells. 
C)  It separates components of the cell that have different densities. 
D)  It separates different components of the cell that function differently. 
E)  It separates components of the cell that have a different chemical makeup. C

Question 2

Mitochondria play an important role in cell necrosis . __________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  magnification. 
B)  resolution. 
C)  resolving power. 
D)  centrifugation. 
E)  fractionation. 
A)  magnification. 
B)  resolution. 
C)  resolving power. 
D)  centrifugation. 
E)  fractionation. A

Question 4

Cells that secrete large amounts of glycoprotein have many Golgi stacks. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Briefly explain the relationship between the surface area and volume of a cell and overall cell size. List two ways in which organisms have successfully "solved" this problem.

Accepted Answer

The surface area of a cell must be large

Question 6

The cis face of the Golgi complex is most directly involved in which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesizing proteins 
B)  accepting vesicles from the ER 
C)  packaging molecules in vesicles 
D)  transporting molecules out of the Golgi 
E)  catalyzing the efficient folding of proteins 
A)  synthesizing proteins 
B)  accepting vesicles from the ER 
C)  packaging molecules in vesicles 
D)  transporting molecules out of the Golgi 
E)  catalyzing the efficient folding of proteins

Question 7

What is the purpose of the cristae of the inner membrane of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A)  To store food 
B)  Tto transport waste 
C)  To metabolize lipids 
D)  To increase surface area 
E)  To break down nutrients 
A)  To store food 
B)  Tto transport waste 
C)  To metabolize lipids 
D)  To increase surface area 
E)  To break down nutrients

Question 8

What type of microscopy uses a laser to excite fluorophores in just a thin "slice" through a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  confocal microscopy 
B)  fluorescence microscopy 
C)  phase contrast microscopy 
D)  scanning electron microscopy 
E)  Nomarski differential interference-contrast microscopy 
A)  confocal microscopy 
B)  fluorescence microscopy 
C)  phase contrast microscopy 
D)  scanning electron microscopy 
E)  Nomarski differential interference-contrast microscopy

Question 9

Which strategy is most effective for larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  locomotion 
B)  being short and fat 
C)  having thin, finger-like projections 
D)  having a thinner plasma membrane 
E)  having a completely spherical shape 
A)  locomotion 
B)  being short and fat 
C)  having thin, finger-like projections 
D)  having a thinner plasma membrane 
E)  having a completely spherical shape

Question 10

List the similarities and differences between the functions of the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Include the identification of specific structures in your comparison.

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both e

Question 11

In animal cells the main microtubule organizing center (or centrosome) is important in cell division. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein synthesis 
B)  DNA synthesis 
C)  movement 
D)  energy storage 
E)  active transport 
A)  protein synthesis 
B)  DNA synthesis 
C)  movement 
D)  energy storage 
E)  active transport

Question 13

How does the scanning electron microscope differ from the transmission electron microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)  The SEM can view a live specimen. 
B)  The SEM can view the internal structure of a cell. 
C)  The SEM utilizes a beam of light that passes through the specimen. 
D)  The SEM gives a three dimensional image of the object being studied. 
E)  The SEM relies on the detection of electrons from the beam after contact with the specimens. 
A)  The SEM can view a live specimen. 
B)  The SEM can view the internal structure of a cell. 
C)  The SEM utilizes a beam of light that passes through the specimen. 
D)  The SEM gives a three dimensional image of the object being studied. 
E)  The SEM relies on the detection of electrons from the beam after contact with the specimens.

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: large membranous sacs of plants and fungi
encloses an internal thylakoid membrane
consists of RNA and protein within another organelle
rodlike structures consisting of actin
membranous sacs in animals
ribosomes stud its outer surface

Accepted Answer

The Answer of plastids and nucleolus and microfilaments and vacuoles is...

Question 15

Which cellular structure is correctly matched to the role it plays within the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplast − storage of enzymes 
B)  lysosome − powerhouse of the cell 
C)  centrosome − cell division 
D)  plastids − structural support of the cell 
E)  Golgi complex − production of energy 
A)  chloroplast − storage of enzymes 
B)  lysosome − powerhouse of the cell 
C)  centrosome − cell division 
D)  plastids − structural support of the cell 
E)  Golgi complex − production of energy

Question 16

A basal body anchors what part of a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome 
B)  thylakoid 
C)  centriole 
D)  flagellum 
E)  lysosome 
A)  ribosome 
B)  thylakoid 
C)  centriole 
D)  flagellum 
E)  lysosome

Question 17

Evidence that all living cells have a common origin is best illustrated by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  basic similarities in cell structure and chemistry. 
B)  fact that all new cells come from previously existing cells. 
C)  cell theory, which states that the cell is the basic unit of life. 
D)  fact that cells are the building blocks of the most complex plants. 
E)  idea that cells are the smallest units that can carry out all life activities. 
A)  basic similarities in cell structure and chemistry. 
B)  fact that all new cells come from previously existing cells. 
C)  cell theory, which states that the cell is the basic unit of life. 
D)  fact that cells are the building blocks of the most complex plants. 
E)  idea that cells are the smallest units that can carry out all life activities.

Question 18

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).   The cellular structure indicated by the arrow in the accompanying figure is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  protein synthesis. 
C)  cellular respiration. 
D)  digestion of unused organelles. 
E)  lipid and fatty acid metabolism. 
A)  replication. 
B)  protein synthesis. 
C)  cellular respiration. 
D)  digestion of unused organelles. 
E)  lipid and fatty acid metabolism.

Question 19

What is found between the primary walls of adjacent cells for cells to adhere tightly to one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  collagen 
B)  cytosol 
C)  middle lamella 
D)  secondary cell wall 
E)  intermediate filaments 
A)  collagen 
B)  cytosol 
C)  middle lamella 
D)  secondary cell wall 
E)  intermediate filaments

Question 20

Figure 4-1   Based on your knowledge of basic geometric relationships, what is the actual surface area to volume ratio for Figure B in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.01 
B)  0.06 
C)  0.6 
D)  100 
E)  1,000 
A)  0.01 
B)  0.06 
C)  0.6 
D)  100 
E)  1,000

Exam 4: Organization of the Cell

What does the process of differential centrifugation achieve?

Mitochondria play an important role in cell necrosis . __________________

The ratio of the size of the image seen with the microscope to the actual size of the object is called:

Cells that secrete large amounts of glycoprotein have many Golgi stacks. __________________

Briefly explain the relationship between the surface area and volume of a cell and overall cell size. List two ways in which organisms have successfully "solved" this problem.

The cis face of the Golgi complex is most directly involved in which process?

What is the purpose of the cristae of the inner membrane of mitochondria?

What type of microscopy uses a laser to excite fluorophores in just a thin "slice" through a cell?

Which strategy is most effective for larger cells to have an effective surface area to volume ratio?

List the similarities and differences between the functions of the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Include the identification of specific structures in your comparison.

In animal cells the main microtubule organizing center (or centrosome) is important in cell division. __________________

If a toxin, such as a bacterial toxin, destroys ribosomes, what cellular activity will be affected first?

How does the scanning electron microscope differ from the transmission electron microscope?

Which cellular structure is correctly matched to the role it plays within the cell?

A basal body anchors what part of a cell?

Evidence that all living cells have a common origin is best illustrated by the:

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). The cellular structure indicated by the arrow in the accompanying figure is responsible for:

What is found between the primary walls of adjacent cells for cells to adhere tightly to one another?

Figure 4-1 Based on your knowledge of basic geometric relationships, what is the actual surface area to volume ratio for Figure B in the accompanying figure?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters