Question 1

Due to nuclear equivalence in different cell types, the presence of different cell types in any given organism is accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  differential gene expression. 
B)  pattern formation. 
C)  cloning. 
D)  induction. 
E)  nuclear transplantation. 
A)  differential gene expression. 
B)  pattern formation. 
C)  cloning. 
D)  induction. 
E)  nuclear transplantation. A

Question 2

Homeotic genes of Drosophila :

Accepted Answer

A)  cause cells of the same type to produce differing amounts of gene products. 
B)  specify the developmental plan(s) for each segment. 
C)  are expressed in only one sex in any particular species. 
D)  are always the sites of lethal mutations. 
E)  control developmental timing. 
A)  cause cells of the same type to produce differing amounts of gene products. 
B)  specify the developmental plan(s) for each segment. 
C)  are expressed in only one sex in any particular species. 
D)  are always the sites of lethal mutations. 
E)  control developmental timing. B

Question 3

Figure 17-4   In the accompanying figure, the purpose of growing the donor cells in nutrient-limited media is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  have small cells that would be easier to manipulate. 
B)  replicate a normal environment. 
C)  force the donor cell nucleus into the G0 cell stage. 
D)  induce favorable mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis. 
A)  have small cells that would be easier to manipulate. 
B)  replicate a normal environment. 
C)  force the donor cell nucleus into the G0 cell stage. 
D)  induce favorable mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis. C

Question 4

____ promote cancer development, while ____ prevent cancer development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Oncogenes; tumor suppressor genes 
B)  Tumor suppressor genes; homeobox genes 
C)  Tumor suppressor genes; oncogenes 
D)  Oncogenes; homeobox genes 
E)  Homeobox genes; proto-oncogenes 
A)  Oncogenes; tumor suppressor genes 
B)  Tumor suppressor genes; homeobox genes 
C)  Tumor suppressor genes; oncogenes 
D)  Oncogenes; homeobox genes 
E)  Homeobox genes; proto-oncogenes

Question 5

A chimera is an organism containing two or more kinds of genetically similar cells from different zygotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The process of ____ describes cell specialization structure and gene activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  morphogenesis 
B)  determination 
C)  differentiation 
D)  maturation 
E)  growth 
A)  morphogenesis 
B)  determination 
C)  differentiation 
D)  maturation 
E)  growth

Question 7

Induced pluripotent stem cells are:

Accepted Answer

A)  pluripotent cells lacking transcription factors. 
B)  totipotent cells resulting from reproductive cloning. 
C)  pluripotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells. 
D)  totipotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells. 
E)  pluripotent cells resulting from therapeutic cloning. 
A)  pluripotent cells lacking transcription factors. 
B)  totipotent cells resulting from reproductive cloning. 
C)  pluripotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells. 
D)  totipotent cells resulting from reprogramming of differentiated cells. 
E)  pluripotent cells resulting from therapeutic cloning.

Question 8

Imaginal discs are:

Accepted Answer

A)  found in mammalian cells and control gene activation in mature somatic cells. 
B)  paired groups of undifferentiated cells that are precursors of adult structures in Drosophila . 
C)  found in plant cells and assist in the development of the flower. 
D)  part of the salivary gland of Drosophila . 
E)  found in Drosophila ovary cells and represent inactivated X chromosomes. 
A)  found in mammalian cells and control gene activation in mature somatic cells. 
B)  paired groups of undifferentiated cells that are precursors of adult structures in Drosophila . 
C)  found in plant cells and assist in the development of the flower. 
D)  part of the salivary gland of Drosophila . 
E)  found in Drosophila ovary cells and represent inactivated X chromosomes.

Question 9

In animals, somatic cell lines are those that will undergo meiosis, differentiate into gametes, and be set aside early in development. 
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Adult stem cells are found only in adults .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

RNA interference is used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  interfere with specific transcription factors. 
B)  knock out the expression of a specific gene. 
C)  prevent the duplication of DNA. 
D)  cause a mutation in a specific gene. 
E)  stimulate apoptosis. 
A)  interfere with specific transcription factors. 
B)  knock out the expression of a specific gene. 
C)  prevent the duplication of DNA. 
D)  cause a mutation in a specific gene. 
E)  stimulate apoptosis.

Question 12

The ____ is a functional region found in certain proteins that are important in development. It consists of sixty amino acids that form four helices.

Accepted Answer

A)  homeobox 
B)  homeodomain 
C)  homeogene 
D)  homeochromosome 
E)  functional group 
A)  homeobox 
B)  homeodomain 
C)  homeogene 
D)  homeochromosome 
E)  functional group

Question 13

One way RNA interference molecules work is by selectively cleaving DNA molecules that have sequences complementary to small RNA molecules. 
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The significance of totipotency is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes are not regularly lost during development. 
B)  most organisms can be easily cloned. 
C)  differentiation leads to the loss of certain genes in each cell. 
D)  somatic cells are incapable of differentiation. 
E)  unexpressed genes are lost during development. 
A)  genes are not regularly lost during development. 
B)  most organisms can be easily cloned. 
C)  differentiation leads to the loss of certain genes in each cell. 
D)  somatic cells are incapable of differentiation. 
E)  unexpressed genes are lost during development.

Question 15

Describe how maternal effect genes and segmentation genes work together in the early embryonic stages of Drosophila .

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Maternal effect ge

Question 16

Differential gene expression is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ability of some cells to arrest their development under varying environmental conditions. 
B)  progressive fixation of the fates of a cell's descendants. 
C)  genetic variation found in various somatic cells of the same individual. 
D)  regulation during development that varies the type and quantity of gene products among cells. 
E)  constitutive expression of all genes in the somatic cells. 
A)  ability of some cells to arrest their development under varying environmental conditions. 
B)  progressive fixation of the fates of a cell's descendants. 
C)  genetic variation found in various somatic cells of the same individual. 
D)  regulation during development that varies the type and quantity of gene products among cells. 
E)  constitutive expression of all genes in the somatic cells.

Question 17

The _____ oncogene, the ____ in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.

Accepted Answer

A)  BRCA1; most common 
B)  Ras; most common 
C)  BRCA1; least common 
D)  Ras; least common 
E)  BRCA2; most common 
A)  BRCA1; most common 
B)  Ras; most common 
C)  BRCA1; least common 
D)  Ras; least common 
E)  BRCA2; most common

Question 18

Malignant tumors are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  metastasis. 
B)  abnormal cell growth. 
C)  the formation of cell masses. 
D)  specific mutations. 
E)  proto-oncogenes. 
A)  metastasis. 
B)  abnormal cell growth. 
C)  the formation of cell masses. 
D)  specific mutations. 
E)  proto-oncogenes.

Question 19

The ABC genes in the model of Arabidopsis flower development are organ-identity genes that are also:

Accepted Answer

A)  segmentation genes. 
B)  homeotic genes. 
C)  gap genes. 
D)  translation factors genes. 
E)  growth factor genes. 
A)  segmentation genes. 
B)  homeotic genes. 
C)  gap genes. 
D)  translation factors genes. 
E)  growth factor genes.

Question 20

What evidence supports the idea that some nuclei are totipotent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuclei taken from the cells of an embryonic frog can direct a frog egg to develop into a tadpole. 
B)  Nuclei taken from the cells of a frog embryo can direct any amphibian egg to develop into a tadpole. 
C)  Nuclei taken from a different species can direct a tadpole egg to develop into a normal tadpole. 
D)  Some cells are capable of undergoing unlimited cell cycles. 
E)  Some cells are capable of arresting their cell cycle at will. 
A)  Nuclei taken from the cells of an embryonic frog can direct a frog egg to develop into a tadpole. 
B)  Nuclei taken from the cells of a frog embryo can direct any amphibian egg to develop into a tadpole. 
C)  Nuclei taken from a different species can direct a tadpole egg to develop into a normal tadpole. 
D)  Some cells are capable of undergoing unlimited cell cycles. 
E)  Some cells are capable of arresting their cell cycle at will.

Exam 17: Developmental Genetics

Due to nuclear equivalence in different cell types, the presence of different cell types in any given organism is accomplished by:

Homeotic genes of Drosophila :

Figure 17-4 In the accompanying figure, the purpose of growing the donor cells in nutrient-limited media is to:

____ promote cancer development, while ____ prevent cancer development.

A chimera is an organism containing two or more kinds of genetically similar cells from different zygotes.

The process of ____ describes cell specialization structure and gene activity.

Induced pluripotent stem cells are:

Imaginal discs are:

In animals, somatic cell lines are those that will undergo meiosis, differentiate into gametes, and be set aside early in development. _________________

Adult stem cells are found only in adults .

RNA interference is used to:

The ____ is a functional region found in certain proteins that are important in development. It consists of sixty amino acids that form four helices.

One way RNA interference molecules work is by selectively cleaving DNA molecules that have sequences complementary to small RNA molecules. _________________

The significance of totipotency is that:

Describe how maternal effect genes and segmentation genes work together in the early embryonic stages of Drosophila .

Differential gene expression is defined as the:

The _____ oncogene, the ____ in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.

Malignant tumors are characterized by:

The ABC genes in the model of Arabidopsis flower development are organ-identity genes that are also:

What evidence supports the idea that some nuclei are totipotent?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

promote cancer development, while prevent cancer development.

The _ oncogene, the in human cancer, causes cells to become cancerous due to abnormal cell signaling.