Question 1

Outline the major differences between mitosis and meiosis I.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: During prophase of meiosis I, there is crossing over between homologous chromosomes, which does not take place during mitosis. In addition, during meiosis I, tetrads composed of homologous chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate rather than sister chromatids, as happens in mitosis. It is the homologous chromosomes that separate during anaphase of meiosis I rather than sister chromatids (as happens during mitosis).

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: crossing over occurs
homologous chromosomes synapse
homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles
nuclear envelope forms around single-stranded chromosomes
tetrads line up on the cell equator
sister chromatids separate and chromosomes move to opposite poles

Accepted Answer

The Answer of telophase II and telophase I and metaphase is...

Question 3

In a human cell at prophase I, there are ____ tetrads.

Accepted Answer

A)  92 
B)  46 
C)  23 
D)  2 
E)  4 
A)  92 
B)  46 
C)  23 
D)  2 
E)  4 C

Question 4

A pair of centrioles is found at the center of the microtubule-organizing center in plant cells. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The mitotic spindle is made of:

Accepted Answer

A)  motor proteins. 
B)  condensin. 
C)  histones. 
D)  Z rings. 
E)  microtubules. 
A)  motor proteins. 
B)  condensin. 
C)  histones. 
D)  Z rings. 
E)  microtubules.

Question 6

To control the cell cycle:

Accepted Answer

A)  the activity of Cdks stays the same throughout the cell cycle. 
B)  cyclins fluctuate during the cell cycle. 
C)  Cdks are active only when they are released from cyclins. 
D)  the anaphase-promoting complex stimulates DNA replication. 
E)  M-Cdk inhibits mitosis. 
A)  the activity of Cdks stays the same throughout the cell cycle. 
B)  cyclins fluctuate during the cell cycle. 
C)  Cdks are active only when they are released from cyclins. 
D)  the anaphase-promoting complex stimulates DNA replication. 
E)  M-Cdk inhibits mitosis.

Question 7

What is not a hallmark of prophase?

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear envelope is visible with the light microscope. 
B)  nucleolus disappears. 
C)  mitotic spindle is beginning to assemble. 
D)  spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell. 
E)  duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope. 
A)  nuclear envelope is visible with the light microscope. 
B)  nucleolus disappears. 
C)  mitotic spindle is beginning to assemble. 
D)  spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite sides of the cell. 
E)  duplicated chromosomes become visible with the light microscope.

Question 8

During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomenon is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  chromatid pairing. 
B)  DNA replication. 
C)  tetrad formation. 
D)  paternal pairing. 
E)  parental pairing. 
A)  chromatid pairing. 
B)  DNA replication. 
C)  tetrad formation. 
D)  paternal pairing. 
E)  parental pairing.

Question 9

Draw two cells: one showing the arrangement of chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis, and the other showing the chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis. What is the significance of this difference?

Accepted Answer

The drawing should resemble Fig. 10-6d (

Question 10

What evolutionary advantage is provided by sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased genetic diversity 
B)  making clones 
C)  production of genetically identical offspring 
D)  making polyploidy possible 
E)  removal of all genetic mutations 
A)  increased genetic diversity 
B)  making clones 
C)  production of genetically identical offspring 
D)  making polyploidy possible 
E)  removal of all genetic mutations

Question 11

The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of the ____ and M phases.

Accepted Answer

A)  interphase 
B)  meiosis I 
C)  crossing-over 
D)  meiosis II 
E)  mitosis 
A)  interphase 
B)  meiosis I 
C)  crossing-over 
D)  meiosis II 
E)  mitosis

Question 12

Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing ____ cell during the ____ of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  plant; metaphase 
B)  plant; anaphase 
C)  prokaryotic; metaphase 
D)  animal; interphase 
E)  animal; prophase 
A)  plant; metaphase 
B)  plant; anaphase 
C)  prokaryotic; metaphase 
D)  animal; interphase 
E)  animal; prophase

Question 13

Cell-cycle checkpoints temporarily block key events from being initiated during the cell cycle. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An animal zygote is a(n) haploid cell. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Chromosomes are duplicated during the ____ of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  G1 phase 
B)  G2 phase 
C)  S phase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  prophase 
A)  G1 phase 
B)  G2 phase 
C)  S phase 
D)  metaphase 
E)  prophase

Question 16

Cytokinesis in animal cells involves contraction of a ring of ____ microfilaments.

Accepted Answer

A)  tubulin plus actin 
B)  actin plus myosin 
C)  cyclin plus myosin 
D)  cohesin plus actin 
E)  cyclin plus actin 
A)  tubulin plus actin 
B)  actin plus myosin 
C)  cyclin plus myosin 
D)  cohesin plus actin 
E)  cyclin plus actin

Question 17

Figure 10-2   The process occurring at arrow 3 in the accompanying figure is:

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilization. 
B)  G1. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fusion. 
A)  fertilization. 
B)  G1. 
C)  meiosis. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  fusion.

Question 18

Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate during meiosis I . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs via the formation of a(n) cell plate . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

During prophase I, each chiasma represents:

Accepted Answer

A)  the remnants of the nuclear envelope. 
B)  the remnant of the nucleolus. 
C)  a newly formed haploid gamete. 
D)  a site of crossing-over. 
E)  the site where sister chromatids are connected. 
A)  the remnants of the nuclear envelope. 
B)  the remnant of the nucleolus. 
C)  a newly formed haploid gamete. 
D)  a site of crossing-over. 
E)  the site where sister chromatids are connected.

Exam 10: Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Outline the major differences between mitosis and meiosis I.

In a human cell at prophase I, there are ____ tetrads.

A pair of centrioles is found at the center of the microtubule-organizing center in plant cells. __________________

The mitotic spindle is made of:

To control the cell cycle:

What is not a hallmark of prophase?

During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes lie side by side. This phenomenon is known as:

Draw two cells: one showing the arrangement of chromosomes at metaphase of mitosis, and the other showing the chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis. What is the significance of this difference?

What evolutionary advantage is provided by sexual reproduction?

The cell cycle of a typical somatic cell consists of the ____ and M phases.

Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing ____ cell during the ____ of the cell cycle.

Cell-cycle checkpoints temporarily block key events from being initiated during the cell cycle. __________________

An animal zygote is a(n) haploid cell. __________________

Chromosomes are duplicated during the ____ of the cell cycle.

Cytokinesis in animal cells involves contraction of a ring of ____ microfilaments.

Figure 10-2 The process occurring at arrow 3 in the accompanying figure is:

Homologous pairs of chromosomes separate during meiosis I . __________________

In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs via the formation of a(n) cell plate . __________________

During prophase I, each chiasma represents:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

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Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

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The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

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Understanding Diversity Systematics

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Protists

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An Introduction to Animal Diversity

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Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

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Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

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Duplicated centrioles move to opposite poles of a dividing cell during the of the cell cycle.