Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: tubule open at both ends surrounded by capillary network

Accepted Answer

The Answer of protonephridia and nephridia and metanephridia and Malpighian is...

Question 2

The outermost region of the kidney is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  adventitia. 
B)  mucosa. 
C)  pelvis. 
D)  cortex. 
E)  medulla. 
A)  adventitia. 
B)  mucosa. 
C)  pelvis. 
D)  cortex. 
E)  medulla. D

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: contains podocytes

Accepted Answer

The Answer of distal convoluted tubule and urethra and collecting is...

Question 4

What is one disadvantage of excreting urea as opposed to uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea is more toxic than uric acid. 
B)  Urea is less toxic than uric acid. 
C)  Urea is excreted by respiratory structures. 
D)  Urea requires more water for excretion. 
E)  Urea is produced from ammonia, not nucleic acids. 
A)  Urea is more toxic than uric acid. 
B)  Urea is less toxic than uric acid. 
C)  Urea is excreted by respiratory structures. 
D)  Urea requires more water for excretion. 
E)  Urea is produced from ammonia, not nucleic acids.

Question 5

In humans, urea and uric acid are produced by the kidneys .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Metanephridial organs are common in:

Accepted Answer

A)  mollusks. 
B)  flatworms. 
C)  cnidarians. 
D)  sponges. 
E)  insects. 
A)  mollusks. 
B)  flatworms. 
C)  cnidarians. 
D)  sponges. 
E)  insects.

Question 7

Simple epithelial cells of the renal tubule have abundant ____ to increase the surface area for reabsorption and numerous ____ to provide energy for actively transporting materials.

Accepted Answer

A)  microvilli; mitochondria 
B)  cilia; mitochondria 
C)  microvilli; Golgi complexes 
D)  cilia; Golgi complexes 
E)  cilia; capillaries 
A)  microvilli; mitochondria 
B)  cilia; mitochondria 
C)  microvilli; Golgi complexes 
D)  cilia; Golgi complexes 
E)  cilia; capillaries

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: highly toxic nitrogenous waste

Accepted Answer

The Answer of urea and uric acid and ammonia is...

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the loop of Henle is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The walls of the descending loop are relatively impermeable to water. 
B)  The walls of the descending loop are relatively permeable to sodium. 
C)  The walls of the ascending loop are relatively permeable to water. 
D)  The walls of the ascending loop are relatively permeable to sodium. 
E)  The entire loops is relatively permeable to sodium. 
A)  The walls of the descending loop are relatively impermeable to water. 
B)  The walls of the descending loop are relatively permeable to sodium. 
C)  The walls of the ascending loop are relatively permeable to water. 
D)  The walls of the ascending loop are relatively permeable to sodium. 
E)  The entire loops is relatively permeable to sodium.

Question 10

Which statement about the Malpighian tubules is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water and some solutes are transported into the Malpighian tubules via active transport. 
B)  The Malpighian tubules empty into the gut of the insect. 
C)  Water, some salts, and other solutes are reabsorbed into the hemolymph in the rectum. 
D)  The excretory system of an insect may contain up to several hundred Malpighian tubules. 
E)  The blind ends of the Malpighian tubules are bathed in hemolymph. 
A)  Water and some solutes are transported into the Malpighian tubules via active transport. 
B)  The Malpighian tubules empty into the gut of the insect. 
C)  Water, some salts, and other solutes are reabsorbed into the hemolymph in the rectum. 
D)  The excretory system of an insect may contain up to several hundred Malpighian tubules. 
E)  The blind ends of the Malpighian tubules are bathed in hemolymph.

Question 11

Figure 48-2   Refer to the accompanying figure in terms of a marine environment. What is the function of the structure labeled as A?

Accepted Answer

A)  salt excretion 
B)  water gain by osmosis 
C)  drinking 
D)  removal of salts and nitrogenous wastes from the blood 
E)  release of nitrogenous wastes 
A)  salt excretion 
B)  water gain by osmosis 
C)  drinking 
D)  removal of salts and nitrogenous wastes from the blood 
E)  release of nitrogenous wastes

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: excreted by birds and some reptiles

Accepted Answer

The Answer of uric acid and urea and ammonia is...

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: highly soluble; requires water for excretion

Accepted Answer

The Answer of urea and uric acid and ammonia is...

Question 14

Atrial natriuretic peptide has been found to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease sodium secretion and increase blood pressure. 
B)  constrict afferent arterioles, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate. 
C)  be produced by the adrenal cortex. 
D)  inhibit sodium reabsorption by the collecting ducts. 
E)  increase the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus. 
A)  decrease sodium secretion and increase blood pressure. 
B)  constrict afferent arterioles, decreasing the glomerular filtration rate. 
C)  be produced by the adrenal cortex. 
D)  inhibit sodium reabsorption by the collecting ducts. 
E)  increase the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

Question 15

The main point of entry of water into the blood of freshwater fishes is through the:

Accepted Answer

A)  skin. 
B)  gills. 
C)  tail. 
D)  anus. 
E)  eyes. 
A)  skin. 
B)  gills. 
C)  tail. 
D)  anus. 
E)  eyes.

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: forms from blood plasma and bathes all cells

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmolarity and osmoregulation and osmoregulators and osmole is...

Question 17

Which nitrogenous waste product would be least toxic to an embryo developing in the aqueous environment found inside a shelled egg?

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia 
B)  urea 
C)  uric acid 
D)  amino acids 
E)  purines 
A)  ammonia 
B)  urea 
C)  uric acid 
D)  amino acids 
E)  purines

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: excreted by amphibians and mammals

Accepted Answer

The Answer of urea and uric acid and ammonia is...

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: animals whose body fluid concentration varies along with changes in sea water

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmole and electrolytes and osmoconformers and excretion is...

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: aldosterone makes the walls of this structure as well as the walls of the collecting duct permeable to sodium

Accepted Answer

The Answer of proximal convoluted tubule and Bowman's capsule and is...

Exam 48: Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

The outermost region of the kidney is called the:

What is one disadvantage of excreting urea as opposed to uric acid?

In humans, urea and uric acid are produced by the kidneys .

Metanephridial organs are common in:

Simple epithelial cells of the renal tubule have abundant ____ to increase the surface area for reabsorption and numerous ____ to provide energy for actively transporting materials.

Which of the following statements about the loop of Henle is true ?

Which statement about the Malpighian tubules is FALSE?

Figure 48-2 Refer to the accompanying figure in terms of a marine environment. What is the function of the structure labeled as A?

Atrial natriuretic peptide has been found to:

The main point of entry of water into the blood of freshwater fishes is through the:

Which nitrogenous waste product would be least toxic to an embryo developing in the aqueous environment found inside a shelled egg?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Simple epithelial cells of the renal tubule have abundant to increase the surface area for reabsorption and numerous to provide energy for actively transporting materials.