Question 1

Steroid hormones bind with G-protein linked receptors in plasma membranes of target cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical endocrine signaling 
B)  neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  paracrine signaling 
D)  autocrine signaling 
E)  pheromone signaling 
A)  classical endocrine signaling 
B)  neuroendocrine signaling 
C)  paracrine signaling 
D)  autocrine signaling 
E)  pheromone signaling D

Question 3

Figure 49-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Insulin-like growth factor would be included with which of the following pairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  6, 9 
D)  7, 8 
E)  10, 11 
A)  1, 2 
B)  3, 4 
C)  6, 9 
D)  7, 8 
E)  10, 11 D

Question 4

Which of the following is a peptide hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenaline 
B)  ACTH 
C)  progesterone 
D)  melatonin 
E)  prostaglandin 
A)  adrenaline 
B)  ACTH 
C)  progesterone 
D)  melatonin 
E)  prostaglandin

Question 5

Insulin promotes the storage of glucose by:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating protein synthesis. 
B)  increasing the use of fatty acids as fuel. 
C)  promoting the liver to release glucose. 
D)  stimulating fatty acid release by adipose tissue. 
E)  inhibiting glycogen formation. 
A)  stimulating protein synthesis. 
B)  increasing the use of fatty acids as fuel. 
C)  promoting the liver to release glucose. 
D)  stimulating fatty acid release by adipose tissue. 
E)  inhibiting glycogen formation.

Question 6

Insulin-like growth factors can induce which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting exponential growth of the skeleton 
B)  stimulating degradation of cartilage 
C)  promoting protein synthesis 
D)  promoting the mobilization of fat 
E)  decreasing organ size 
A)  promoting exponential growth of the skeleton 
B)  stimulating degradation of cartilage 
C)  promoting protein synthesis 
D)  promoting the mobilization of fat 
E)  decreasing organ size

Question 7

Hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood can lead to a condition of retarded mental and physical development called:

Accepted Answer

A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  myxedema. 
E)  cretinism. 
A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  myxedema. 
E)  cretinism.

Question 8

When blood calcium levels are high, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons may fire more slowly 
B)  the release of parathyroid hormone would increase 
C)  neurons may fire spontaneously 
D)  the release of parathyroid hormone would decrease 
E)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would increase 
A)  neurons may fire more slowly 
B)  the release of parathyroid hormone would increase 
C)  neurons may fire spontaneously 
D)  the release of parathyroid hormone would decrease 
E)  the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney tubules would increase

Question 9

Based on Berthold's methods, how do researchers today determine a tissue to be endocrine in nature?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: They first remove

Question 10

Compare and contrast the mechanism of action of a steroid and a protein-type hormone at the cellular level.

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormones are lipid soluble and t

Question 11

Chronic stress:

Accepted Answer

A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton. 
A)  is associated with elevated levels of glucocorticoids. 
B)  may lead to the excessive stimulation of neurons. 
C)  increases blood flow to the brain, especially the hippocampus. 
D)  results in lower levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
E)  promotes the linear growth of the skeleton.

Question 12

Arrange the following events in the correct sequence.
1) thyroid gland secretes less hormone
2) homeostasis
3) high concentration of thyroid hormones
4) anterior pituitary secretes less TSH

Accepted Answer

A)  2 → 1 → 4 → 3 
B)  2 → 3 → 4 → 1 
C)  3 → 4 → 1 → 2 
D)  4 → 3 → 1 → 2 
E)  1 → 4 → 3 → 2 
A)  2 → 1 → 4 → 3 
B)  2 → 3 → 4 → 1 
C)  3 → 4 → 1 → 2 
D)  4 → 3 → 1 → 2 
E)  1 → 4 → 3 → 2

Question 13

When thyroid hormone concentration is low the anterior pituitary secretes less TSH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

After a steroid hormone binds its receptor, the hormone-receptor complex then:

Accepted Answer

A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates a protein kinase. 
C)  activates adenylyl cyclase. 
D)  activates calmodulin. 
E)  binds DNA. 
A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates a protein kinase. 
C)  activates adenylyl cyclase. 
D)  activates calmodulin. 
E)  binds DNA.

Question 15

The ____ produce(s) ____, which influences biological rhythms and the onset of sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland; thyroid stimulating hormone 
B)  pituitary gland; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C)  pineal gland; melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex; cortisol 
E)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone 
A)  pituitary gland; thyroid stimulating hormone 
B)  pituitary gland; adrenocorticotropic hormone 
C)  pineal gland; melatonin 
D)  adrenal cortex; cortisol 
E)  parathyroid glands; parathyroid hormone

Question 16

An adult who is suffering from hyperthyroidism:

Accepted Answer

A)  is always tired. 
B)  is often hungry. 
C)  is overweight. 
D)  is mentally slow. 
E)  shows a lack of emotions. 
A)  is always tired. 
B)  is often hungry. 
C)  is overweight. 
D)  is mentally slow. 
E)  shows a lack of emotions.

Question 17

Which gland is considered to be the master gland of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  pineal gland 
B)  adrenal gland 
C)  pituitary gland 
D)  thyroid gland 
E)  parathyroid gland 
A)  pineal gland 
B)  adrenal gland 
C)  pituitary gland 
D)  thyroid gland 
E)  parathyroid gland

Question 18

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endocrine glands are discrete structures, while exocrine glands may be specialized cells in other tissues. 
B)  Exocrine glands produce hormones, while endocrine glands do not. 
C)  Endocrine glands only affect cells in the immediate area, while exocrine glands do not. 
D)  Endocrine glands secrete into the interstitial fluid, while exocrine glands release secretions into ducts. 
E)  Exocrine glands secrete neurohormones, while endocrine glands do not. 
A)  Endocrine glands are discrete structures, while exocrine glands may be specialized cells in other tissues. 
B)  Exocrine glands produce hormones, while endocrine glands do not. 
C)  Endocrine glands only affect cells in the immediate area, while exocrine glands do not. 
D)  Endocrine glands secrete into the interstitial fluid, while exocrine glands release secretions into ducts. 
E)  Exocrine glands secrete neurohormones, while endocrine glands do not.

Question 19

The secretion of which hormone decreases when calcium blood levels increase?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine 
A)  calcitonin 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  norepinephrine

Question 20

Use a specific example to explain how a negative feedback mechanism may be used to regulate the function of endocrine glands.

Accepted Answer

The action of the parathyroid glands is

Exam 49: Endocrine Regulation

Steroid hormones bind with G-protein linked receptors in plasma membranes of target cells.

In which type of regulation do hormones act on the cells that produce it?

Figure 49-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Insulin-like growth factor would be included with which of the following pairs?

Which of the following is a peptide hormone?

Insulin promotes the storage of glucose by:

Insulin-like growth factors can induce which of the following?

Hypothyroidism during infancy and childhood can lead to a condition of retarded mental and physical development called:

When blood calcium levels are high, ____.

Based on Berthold's methods, how do researchers today determine a tissue to be endocrine in nature?

Compare and contrast the mechanism of action of a steroid and a protein-type hormone at the cellular level.

Chronic stress:

Arrange the following events in the correct sequence. 1) thyroid gland secretes less hormone 2) homeostasis 3) high concentration of thyroid hormones 4) anterior pituitary secretes less TSH

When thyroid hormone concentration is low the anterior pituitary secretes less TSH.

After a steroid hormone binds its receptor, the hormone-receptor complex then:

The ____ produce(s) ____, which influences biological rhythms and the onset of sleep.

An adult who is suffering from hyperthyroidism:

Which gland is considered to be the master gland of the body?

What is the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

The secretion of which hormone decreases when calcium blood levels increase?

Use a specific example to explain how a negative feedback mechanism may be used to regulate the function of endocrine glands.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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