Question 1

Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating the liver to take up glucose. 
B)  inhibiting gluconeogenesis. 
C)  stimulating gluconeogenesis. 
D)  inhibiting fatty acid mobilization. 
E)  inhibiting amino acid mobilization. 
A)  stimulating the liver to take up glucose. 
B)  inhibiting gluconeogenesis. 
C)  stimulating gluconeogenesis. 
D)  inhibiting fatty acid mobilization. 
E)  inhibiting amino acid mobilization.

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: pineal gland
thyroid
adrenal medulla
pancreas
hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of regulates secretion of hormones by anterior pituitary is...

Question 3

The ____ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas 
B)  pineal 
C)  pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid 
A)  pancreas 
B)  pineal 
C)  pituitary 
D)  thyroid 
E)  parathyroid

Question 4

What is a symptom of Cushing's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of ability to cope with stress 
B)  mild infection 
C)  abnormally large face and hands 
D)  fat deposition around the trunk 
E)  intellectual disability 
A)  loss of ability to cope with stress 
B)  mild infection 
C)  abnormally large face and hands 
D)  fat deposition around the trunk 
E)  intellectual disability

Question 5

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes:

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  FSH. 
E)  LH. 
A)  ADH. 
B)  ACTH. 
C)  TSH. 
D)  FSH. 
E)  LH.

Question 6

Calcium ions may act with phospholipid second messengers by binding to ____, which then regulates other proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  calmodulin 
D)  phosphodiesterase 
E)  protein kinase 
A)  adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  calmodulin 
D)  phosphodiesterase 
E)  protein kinase

Question 7

Anabolic steroids:

Accepted Answer

A)  are removed from the body fairly quickly due to a low concentration of receptor sites. 
B)  decrease HDL concentration, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. 
C)  are naturally produced hormones typically used by athletes for short-term performance enhancement. 
D)  have little or no effect on physiology or behavior at very low doses. 
E)  are metabolized and excreted from the body quickly.. 
A)  are removed from the body fairly quickly due to a low concentration of receptor sites. 
B)  decrease HDL concentration, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. 
C)  are naturally produced hormones typically used by athletes for short-term performance enhancement. 
D)  have little or no effect on physiology or behavior at very low doses. 
E)  are metabolized and excreted from the body quickly..

Question 8

The principal mineralocorticoid is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  ACTH. 
A)  ADH. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  aldosterone. 
E)  ACTH.

Question 9

In a signal transduction pathway involving phospholipid products as second messengers, after a G protein is activated, the activated G protein then activates:

Accepted Answer

A)  IP2. 
B)  IP3. 
C)  protein kinase C. 
D)  phospholipase C. 
E)  adenylyl cyclase. 
A)  IP2. 
B)  IP3. 
C)  protein kinase C. 
D)  phospholipase C. 
E)  adenylyl cyclase.

Question 10

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood leads to enlarged hands, face, and feet, a condition known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  goiter. 
E)  cretinism. 
A)  dwarfism. 
B)  gigantism. 
C)  acromegaly. 
D)  goiter. 
E)  cretinism.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about paracrine regulation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hormones released only stimulate the cells that secreted them. 
B)  The hormones released only inhibit the cells that secreted them. 
C)  The hormones released act on nearby target cells. 
D)  The hormones released are transported down axons. 
E)  The hormones released link the endocrine and nervous systems. 
A)  The hormones released only stimulate the cells that secreted them. 
B)  The hormones released only inhibit the cells that secreted them. 
C)  The hormones released act on nearby target cells. 
D)  The hormones released are transported down axons. 
E)  The hormones released link the endocrine and nervous systems.

Question 12

Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone circulating in the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each cell has a limited number of protein channels that shuttle hormones through its membrane. 
B)  Not all hormones can diffuse through all cell membranes. 
C)  The concentration of some hormones is too low to stimulate every cell. 
D)  Each cell has specific surface receptors, which interact only with hormones that they recognize. 
E)  Although all hormones bind to all cell surfaces, some cells lack second messengers for expression. 
A)  Each cell has a limited number of protein channels that shuttle hormones through its membrane. 
B)  Not all hormones can diffuse through all cell membranes. 
C)  The concentration of some hormones is too low to stimulate every cell. 
D)  Each cell has specific surface receptors, which interact only with hormones that they recognize. 
E)  Although all hormones bind to all cell surfaces, some cells lack second messengers for expression.

Question 13

The products of an endocrine gland:

Accepted Answer

A)  only affect their own tissues. 
B)  can have a digestive function. 
C)  always stimulate the target tissue. 
D)  generally have to travel to reach the target tissue. 
E)  are not produced by cells in organs, such as the heart. 
A)  only affect their own tissues. 
B)  can have a digestive function. 
C)  always stimulate the target tissue. 
D)  generally have to travel to reach the target tissue. 
E)  are not produced by cells in organs, such as the heart.

Question 14

Once a hormone activates the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, ATP is converted to cAMP, which in turn:

Accepted Answer

A)  activates protein kinase. 
B)  inhibits phosphodiesterase. 
C)  initiates more cAMP production. 
D)  initiates protein synthesis. 
E)  inhibits protein synthesis. 
A)  activates protein kinase. 
B)  inhibits phosphodiesterase. 
C)  initiates more cAMP production. 
D)  initiates protein synthesis. 
E)  inhibits protein synthesis.

Question 15

Hormones are synthesized from cholesterol are part of the ____ group of hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acid derivatives 
B)  steroid hormones 
C)  amino acid derivatives 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  protein hormones 
A)  fatty acid derivatives 
B)  steroid hormones 
C)  amino acid derivatives 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  protein hormones

Question 16

The function of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is to stimulate:

Accepted Answer

A)  the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  adrenaline release. 
D)  glycogen synthesis. 
E)  the inflammatory response. 
A)  the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
B)  gluconeogenesis. 
C)  adrenaline release. 
D)  glycogen synthesis. 
E)  the inflammatory response.

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: hypothalamus
kidneys (collecting ducts)
stimulates milk production
increases blood calcium concentration
bone, kidneys, digestive tract
liver, adipose tissue
decreases blood calcium concentration
mammary glands
stimulates reabsorption of water
helps body cope with stress
regulates biological rhythms
stimulates uterine contractions
muscle, blood vessels
uterus
bone
increases blood glucose concentration

Accepted Answer

The Answer of oxytocin and glucagon and calcitonin and ADH is...

Question 18

Calcitonin works synergistically to parathyroid hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system responds:

Accepted Answer

A)  more quickly but may have longer-lasting effects. 
B)  more quickly and may have more short-term effects. 
C)  more slowly and may have longer-lasting effects. 
D)  more slowly but may have more short-term effects. 
E)  about the same and has similar effects. 
A)  more quickly but may have longer-lasting effects. 
B)  more quickly and may have more short-term effects. 
C)  more slowly and may have longer-lasting effects. 
D)  more slowly but may have more short-term effects. 
E)  about the same and has similar effects.

Question 20

What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  One causes hyperglycemia, while the other causes hypoglycemia. 
B)  One demonstrates protein breakdown, while the other demonstrates protein synthesis. 
C)  One leads to blindness, while the other leads to kidney disorder. 
D)  One has insulin hypersecretion, while the other has insulin hyposecretion. 
E)  One has insulin deficiency, while the other has insulin resistance. 
A)  One causes hyperglycemia, while the other causes hypoglycemia. 
B)  One demonstrates protein breakdown, while the other demonstrates protein synthesis. 
C)  One leads to blindness, while the other leads to kidney disorder. 
D)  One has insulin hypersecretion, while the other has insulin hyposecretion. 
E)  One has insulin deficiency, while the other has insulin resistance.

Exam 49: Endocrine Regulation

Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by:

The ____ gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus.

What is a symptom of Cushing's disease?

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secretes:

Calcium ions may act with phospholipid second messengers by binding to ____, which then regulates other proteins.

Anabolic steroids:

The principal mineralocorticoid is:

In a signal transduction pathway involving phospholipid products as second messengers, after a G protein is activated, the activated G protein then activates:

Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood leads to enlarged hands, face, and feet, a condition known as:

Which of the following statements about paracrine regulation is TRUE?

Why doesn't every cell in the body respond to every hormone circulating in the bloodstream?

The products of an endocrine gland:

Once a hormone activates the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, ATP is converted to cAMP, which in turn:

Hormones are synthesized from cholesterol are part of the ____ group of hormones.

The function of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is to stimulate:

Calcitonin works synergistically to parathyroid hormone.

Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system responds:

What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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