Question 1

Xylem transports water and dissolved nutrient minerals in which direction?

Accepted Answer

A)  upward 
B)  downward 
C)  inward laterally 
D)  outward laterally 
E)  both upward and downward 
A)  upward 
B)  downward 
C)  inward laterally 
D)  outward laterally 
E)  both upward and downward A

Question 2

Dissolved sugars are transported in:

Accepted Answer

A)  cork cambium. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  pith. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  xylem. 
A)  cork cambium. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  pith. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  xylem. D

Question 3

Sugars are loaded into sieve tubes via simple diffusion .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Using severed aphid mouthparts, scientists have verified that in most species the phloem translocates mostly ____, but that ____ may also be translocated.

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose; amino acids 
B)  glucose; sugar alcohols 
C)  glucose; cellulose and starch 
D)  sucrose; raffinose and sorbitol 
E)  sucrose; glucose 
A)  glucose; amino acids 
B)  glucose; sugar alcohols 
C)  glucose; cellulose and starch 
D)  sucrose; raffinose and sorbitol 
E)  sucrose; glucose

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the cortex is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It secretes a protective layer of cutin. 
B)  It is at the core of the herbaceous eudicot stem. 
C)  It is filled with cork cells. 
D)  It translocates sugar by means of a pressure gradient. 
E)  It may contain collenchyma and sclerenchyma. 
A)  It secretes a protective layer of cutin. 
B)  It is at the core of the herbaceous eudicot stem. 
C)  It is filled with cork cells. 
D)  It translocates sugar by means of a pressure gradient. 
E)  It may contain collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

Question 6

The transport of xylem sap is the most rapid movement of any material in plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the pressure-flow model, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  water moves from an area of positive water potential to an area of negative water potential 
B)  the evaporative pull of transpiration produces tension at the top of the plant 
C)  the flow of sugar is driven by a pressure gradient between the source and the sink 
D)  pressure is created by the movement of water into the roots from the soil 
E)  the production of sugar pushes it out of the chloroplast and into the xylem 
A)  water moves from an area of positive water potential to an area of negative water potential 
B)  the evaporative pull of transpiration produces tension at the top of the plant 
C)  the flow of sugar is driven by a pressure gradient between the source and the sink 
D)  pressure is created by the movement of water into the roots from the soil 
E)  the production of sugar pushes it out of the chloroplast and into the xylem

Question 8

Figure 35-2   In the accompanying figure, the structure responsible for photosynthesis, storage, and support is labeled as:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 9

If you were to take a cross section of a tree from the tropics, would you be able to determine the accurate age of the tree? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: No. Annual rings c

Question 10

Which of the following statements about monocots is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lack sclerenchyma tissue. 
B)  They have a well-developed vascular cambium. 
C)  They do not produce bark. 
D)  Their lateral meristems give rise to wood. 
E)  Secondary growth occurs rather slowly. 
A)  They lack sclerenchyma tissue. 
B)  They have a well-developed vascular cambium. 
C)  They do not produce bark. 
D)  Their lateral meristems give rise to wood. 
E)  Secondary growth occurs rather slowly.

Question 11

Figure 35-1   In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as 3 is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the secondary xylem. 
B)  formed by the division of the vascular cambium. 
C)  found adjacent to the pith. 
D)  usually referred to as wood. 
E)  the cork cambium. 
A)  the secondary xylem. 
B)  formed by the division of the vascular cambium. 
C)  found adjacent to the pith. 
D)  usually referred to as wood. 
E)  the cork cambium.

Question 12

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a source, or an area of ____, to a sink, or an area of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  low sugar concentration; high sugar concentration 
B)  high sugar concentration; low sugar concentration 
C)  positive water potential; negative water potential 
D)  negative water potential; positive water potential 
E)  low pressure; equally low pressure 
A)  low sugar concentration; high sugar concentration 
B)  high sugar concentration; low sugar concentration 
C)  positive water potential; negative water potential 
D)  negative water potential; positive water potential 
E)  low pressure; equally low pressure

Question 13

How is it possible for water to defy gravity and travel from the roots to the tops of plants? Use the tension-cohesion model to explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Evaporative pull o

Question 14

Cells produced on the inside of the vascular cambium differentiate to form which vascular tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  cork cambium 
B)  primary phloem 
C)  primary xylem 
D)  secondary phloem 
E)  secondary xylem 
A)  cork cambium 
B)  primary phloem 
C)  primary xylem 
D)  secondary phloem 
E)  secondary xylem

Question 15

The loading of dissolved sugars into the sieve tube elements of phloem is:

Accepted Answer

A)  passive transport. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  simple diffusion. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. 
A)  passive transport. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  simple diffusion. 
E)  facilitated diffusion.

Question 16

Lenticels function to:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect undeveloped embryonic shoots. 
B)  permit gas exchange through the periderm. 
C)  support leaves and flowers. 
D)  absorb water and dissolved nutrient minerals. 
E)  anchor a plant in the ground. 
A)  protect undeveloped embryonic shoots. 
B)  permit gas exchange through the periderm. 
C)  support leaves and flowers. 
D)  absorb water and dissolved nutrient minerals. 
E)  anchor a plant in the ground.

Question 17

Water moves from a region of ____ water potential to a region of ____water potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  more positive; less positive 
B)  less positive; more positive 
C)  less negative; more negative 
D)  more negative; less negative 
E)  more negative; zero 
A)  more positive; less positive 
B)  less positive; more positive 
C)  less negative; more negative 
D)  more negative; less negative 
E)  more negative; zero

Question 18

____ is when liquid water is forced out of the surface of leaves.

Accepted Answer

A)  Root pressure 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Guttation 
D)  Hydration 
E)  Translocation 
A)  Root pressure 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Guttation 
D)  Hydration 
E)  Translocation

Question 19

Which of the following statements about heartwood is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  It functions in conduction. 
B)  It is a storage site for waste products. 
C)  It is resistant to decay. 
D)  It provides structural support. 
E)  It is located in the center of a tree. 
A)  It functions in conduction. 
B)  It is a storage site for waste products. 
C)  It is resistant to decay. 
D)  It provides structural support. 
E)  It is located in the center of a tree.

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of stems?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexually reproduce 
B)  absorb nutrient minerals 
C)  produce new tissues 
D)  transport dissolved gases 
E)  anchor plants 
A)  sexually reproduce 
B)  absorb nutrient minerals 
C)  produce new tissues 
D)  transport dissolved gases 
E)  anchor plants

Exam 35: Stem Structure and Transport

Xylem transports water and dissolved nutrient minerals in which direction?

Dissolved sugars are transported in:

Sugars are loaded into sieve tubes via simple diffusion .

Using severed aphid mouthparts, scientists have verified that in most species the phloem translocates mostly ____, but that ____ may also be translocated.

Which of the following statements about the cortex is true?

The transport of xylem sap is the most rapid movement of any material in plants.

According to the pressure-flow model, ____.

Figure 35-2 In the accompanying figure, the structure responsible for photosynthesis, storage, and support is labeled as:

If you were to take a cross section of a tree from the tropics, would you be able to determine the accurate age of the tree? Why or why not?

Which of the following statements about monocots is true?

Figure 35-1 In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as 3 is:

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a source, or an area of ____, to a sink, or an area of ____.

How is it possible for water to defy gravity and travel from the roots to the tops of plants? Use the tension-cohesion model to explain your answer.

Cells produced on the inside of the vascular cambium differentiate to form which vascular tissue?

The loading of dissolved sugars into the sieve tube elements of phloem is:

Lenticels function to:

Water moves from a region of ____ water potential to a region of ____water potential.

____ is when liquid water is forced out of the surface of leaves.

Which of the following statements about heartwood is false ?

Which of the following is a function of stems?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Using severed aphid mouthparts, scientists have verified that in most species the phloem translocates mostly , but that may also be translocated.

Sugar is translocated in phloem from a source, or an area of , to a sink, or an area of .

Water moves from a region of water potential to a region of water potential.