Question 1

A replication fork is:

Accepted Answer

A)  observed only in prokaryotic chromosomes. 
B)  observed only in nondividing cells.. 
C)  a Y-shaped structure where parental DNA strands are separated by helicase. 
D)  a site where one DNA strand serves as a template, but the other strand is not replicated. 
E)  created by the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase. 
A)  observed only in prokaryotic chromosomes. 
B)  observed only in nondividing cells.. 
C)  a Y-shaped structure where parental DNA strands are separated by helicase. 
D)  a site where one DNA strand serves as a template, but the other strand is not replicated. 
E)  created by the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase. C

Question 2

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5 ′ − AGATCCG- 3 ′ ?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 ′ − AGATCCG- 3 ′ 
B)  3 ′ − AGATCCG- 5 ′ 
C)  5 ′ − CTCGAAT- 3 ′ 
D)  3 ′ − CTCGAAT- 5 ′ 
E)  3 ′ − TCTAGGC- 5 ′ 
A)  5 ′ − AGATCCG- 3 ′ 
B)  3 ′ − AGATCCG- 5 ′ 
C)  5 ′ − CTCGAAT- 3 ′ 
D)  3 ′ − CTCGAAT- 5 ′ 
E)  3 ′ − TCTAGGC- 5 ′ E

Question 3

Single-strand binding proteins prevent the hydrolysis of single-strand regions of DNA by nucleases. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Individuals with mutations in excision repair enzymes may suffer from ____ due to unrepaired DNA damage caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  skin cancer; mutations inherited from their parents 
B)  colon cancer; the passing of DNA mutations to daughter cells 
C)  prostate cancer; telomerase 
D)  skin cancer; the sun's UV rays 
E)  skin cancer; complementary base pairing 
A)  skin cancer; mutations inherited from their parents 
B)  colon cancer; the passing of DNA mutations to daughter cells 
C)  prostate cancer; telomerase 
D)  skin cancer; the sun's UV rays 
E)  skin cancer; complementary base pairing

Question 5

The two strands of a DNA double helix can be described as running parallel to each other. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why is DNA able to store large amounts of information?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of 20 different nucleotides. 
B)  Its nucleotides can be arranged in a large number of possible sequences. 
C)  It is capable of assuming a wide variety of shapes. 
D)  Its sugars and phosphates can be arranged in many different sequences. 
E)  Its bases can be altered from purines to pyrimidines. 
A)  It is composed of 20 different nucleotides. 
B)  Its nucleotides can be arranged in a large number of possible sequences. 
C)  It is capable of assuming a wide variety of shapes. 
D)  Its sugars and phosphates can be arranged in many different sequences. 
E)  Its bases can be altered from purines to pyrimidines.

Question 7

What is meant by the "directionality" of the strands of a DNA molecule? Explain how this directionality is ultimately responsible for Okazaki fragments.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The anti

Question 8

How is a bacterial chromosome replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally. 
A)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally.

Question 9

How are eukaryotic chromosomes replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecules are replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally. 
A)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecules are replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The linear DNA molecules are replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally.

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: produces breaks in the DNA molecules and then rejoins the strands to prevent supercoiling
prevents the hydrolysis of single DNA strands by nucleases
opens the double helix like a zipper
prevents formation of hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs
catalyzes formation of sugar-phosphate bonds in adjacent Okazaki fragments
catalyzes a reaction that occurs in the lagging strand but not in the leading strand
adds nucleotides only to the 3' end of an existing polynucleotide strand
joins successive nucleotides to a growing polynucleotide strand, complementary to the template strand
binds DNA at the origin of replication and breaks the hydrogen bonds between the paired bases
catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA primer at both leading and lagging strand

Accepted Answer

The Answer of DNA polymerase and DNA primase and topoisomerase is...

Question 11

In DNA replication, the lagging strand:

Accepted Answer

A)  is synthesized as a series of Okazaki fragments. 
B)  is synthesized as a complementary copy of the leading strand. 
C)  pairs with the leading strand by complementary base pairing. 
D)  is made up entirely of RNA primers. 
E)  is not synthesized until the synthesis of the leading strand is completed. 
A)  is synthesized as a series of Okazaki fragments. 
B)  is synthesized as a complementary copy of the leading strand. 
C)  pairs with the leading strand by complementary base pairing. 
D)  is made up entirely of RNA primers. 
E)  is not synthesized until the synthesis of the leading strand is completed.

Question 12

DNA synthesis:

Accepted Answer

A)  is unidirectional. 
B)  is facilitated by a phosphodiester linkage. 
C)  occurs only once during each cell generation. 
D)  has few mechanisms for fixing errors. 
E)  is proofread by DNA ligase. 
A)  is unidirectional. 
B)  is facilitated by a phosphodiester linkage. 
C)  occurs only once during each cell generation. 
D)  has few mechanisms for fixing errors. 
E)  is proofread by DNA ligase.

Question 13

The information encoded by the DNA is specified by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule. 
B)  number of separate DNA strands. 
C)  size of a particular chromosome. 
D)  nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. 
E)  number of bases in a DNA molecule. 
A)  sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA molecule. 
B)  number of separate DNA strands. 
C)  size of a particular chromosome. 
D)  nucleotide sequence of the DNA molecule. 
E)  number of bases in a DNA molecule.

Question 14

Primase is the enzyme responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A)  unwinding the DNA double strand to allow DNA polymerase access to the template DNA. 
B)  introducing nicks into the DNA double strand in order to prevent the formation of knots. 
C)  hydrolyzing ATP to facilitate DNA unwinding. 
D)  making short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation. 
E)  forming a replication fork in the DNA double helix. 
A)  unwinding the DNA double strand to allow DNA polymerase access to the template DNA. 
B)  introducing nicks into the DNA double strand in order to prevent the formation of knots. 
C)  hydrolyzing ATP to facilitate DNA unwinding. 
D)  making short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation. 
E)  forming a replication fork in the DNA double helix.

Question 15

The DNA strand that is replicated smoothly and continuously is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  primary strand. 
B)  template strand. 
C)  leading strand. 
D)  Okazaki fragment. 
E)  lagging strand. 
A)  primary strand. 
B)  template strand. 
C)  leading strand. 
D)  Okazaki fragment. 
E)  lagging strand.

Question 16

Who first confirmed that the replication of DNA was semiconservative?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chargaff and Hershey 
B)  Watson and Crick 
C)  Avery and Griffith 
D)  Meselson and Stahl 
E)  Watson, Crick, and Wilkins 
A)  Chargaff and Hershey 
B)  Watson and Crick 
C)  Avery and Griffith 
D)  Meselson and Stahl 
E)  Watson, Crick, and Wilkins

Question 17

When a mutation occurs during DNA replication, ____ replaces the incorrect nucleotide with the correct one after the mismatched nucleotide has been removed.

Accepted Answer

A)  mismatch repair enzymes 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  DNA polymerase 
D)  telomerase 
E)  helicase 
A)  mismatch repair enzymes 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  DNA polymerase 
D)  telomerase 
E)  helicase

Question 18

List the steps and components involved in the process of DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The general process of DNA rep

Question 19

Provide two lines of evidence that support the idea that DNA is the genetic material.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The experiments of

Question 20

In order to fit the X-ray crystallographic data, the two DNA strands must be ____ to each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  complementary 
B)  uncomplementary 
C)  parallel 
D)  antiparallel 
E)  semiconservative 
A)  complementary 
B)  uncomplementary 
C)  parallel 
D)  antiparallel 
E)  semiconservative

Exam 12: Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

A replication fork is:

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand 5 ′ − AGATCCG- 3 ′ ?

Single-strand binding proteins prevent the hydrolysis of single-strand regions of DNA by nucleases. __________________

Individuals with mutations in excision repair enzymes may suffer from ____ due to unrepaired DNA damage caused by ____.

The two strands of a DNA double helix can be described as running parallel to each other. __________________

Why is DNA able to store large amounts of information?

What is meant by the "directionality" of the strands of a DNA molecule? Explain how this directionality is ultimately responsible for Okazaki fragments.

How is a bacterial chromosome replicated?

How are eukaryotic chromosomes replicated?

In DNA replication, the lagging strand:

DNA synthesis:

The information encoded by the DNA is specified by the:

Primase is the enzyme responsible for:

The DNA strand that is replicated smoothly and continuously is called the:

Who first confirmed that the replication of DNA was semiconservative?

When a mutation occurs during DNA replication, ____ replaces the incorrect nucleotide with the correct one after the mismatched nucleotide has been removed.

List the steps and components involved in the process of DNA replication.

Provide two lines of evidence that support the idea that DNA is the genetic material.

In order to fit the X-ray crystallographic data, the two DNA strands must be ____ to each other.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Individuals with mutations in excision repair enzymes may suffer from due to unrepaired DNA damage caused by .