Question 1

Cork cambium and the tissues it produces are collectively known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  periderm. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  pith. 
E)  cortex. 
A)  periderm. 
B)  epidermis. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  pith. 
E)  cortex.

Question 2

At the center of an herbaceous eudicot stem is:

Accepted Answer

A)  pith. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  sclerenchyma. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  phloem. 
A)  pith. 
B)  collenchyma. 
C)  sclerenchyma. 
D)  vascular cambium. 
E)  phloem.

Question 3

Monocots such as palms and bamboo achieve considerable increase in girth by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a modified form of secondary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
B)  primary growth. 
C)  a modified form of primary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
D)  enlargement of primary xylem. 
E)  enlargement of primary phloem. 
A)  a modified form of secondary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
B)  primary growth. 
C)  a modified form of primary growth in which parenchyma cells divide and enlarge. 
D)  enlargement of primary xylem. 
E)  enlargement of primary phloem.

Question 4

Secondary xylem contains all of the following cell types except :

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheids. 
B)  vessel elements. 
C)  sieve tube elements 
D)  fibers. 
E)  parenchyma. 
A)  tracheids. 
B)  vessel elements. 
C)  sieve tube elements 
D)  fibers. 
E)  parenchyma.

Question 5

Periderm is the functional replacement of the bark .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Compare transpiration and translocation, and be sure to cover the five points below. 
1. Principle substance(s) transported 
2. Direction of transport 
3. Tissue through which transport occurs 
4. Name of model that explains the process 
5. Does the plant expend energy to carry out the process?

Accepted Answer

1. Transpiration: water and minerals; tr

Question 7

Water is transported vertically through the plant via the process of translocation .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Figure 35-3   In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as ____ is formed in the leaf scars by vascular tissue that extends from the stem out into the leaf.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  6 
C)  7 
D)  8 
E)  9 
A)  5 
B)  6 
C)  7 
D)  8 
E)  9

Question 9

Figure 35-2   In the accompanying figure, the cell layer that contains xylem is labeled as:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 10

Water is capable of rising to the tops of the tallest trees due to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical bonds of water molecules. 
B)  push of gravity. 
C)  adhesion of water molecules to each other. 
D)  push of ground water. 
E)  pull of transpiration. 
A)  chemical bonds of water molecules. 
B)  push of gravity. 
C)  adhesion of water molecules to each other. 
D)  push of ground water. 
E)  pull of transpiration.

Question 11

Sapwood develops from:

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary xylem 
B)  secondary phloem 
C)  primary phloem 
D)  primary xylem 
E)  cork parenchyma 
A)  secondary xylem 
B)  secondary phloem 
C)  primary phloem 
D)  primary xylem 
E)  cork parenchyma

Question 12

Secondary growth occurs as a result of the activity of which two lateral meristems?

Accepted Answer

A)  vascular cambium and cork cambium 
B)  apical meristem and cork cambium 
C)  primary meristem and secondary meristem 
D)  periderm and cork cambium 
E)  apical meristem and vascular cambium 
A)  vascular cambium and cork cambium 
B)  apical meristem and cork cambium 
C)  primary meristem and secondary meristem 
D)  periderm and cork cambium 
E)  apical meristem and vascular cambium

Question 13

In a plant, most water is transported vertically by being pushed to the top.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Identify four external features of a woody twig and briefly explain the function and/or origin of each.

Accepted Answer

terminal bud at the tip: embryonic shoot

Question 15

____ is the predominant photosynthetic product carried in phloem.

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Sucrose 
D)  Maltose 
E)  Fructose 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Cellulose 
C)  Sucrose 
D)  Maltose 
E)  Fructose

Question 16

One reason that water is able to form unbroken columns is because water molecules are cohesive .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The outermost cell layer of herbaceous stems is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  periderm. 
A)  bark. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  endodermis. 
D)  epidermis. 
E)  periderm.

Question 18

Sapwood is functional secondary xylem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In woody plants, the lateral transport of materials occurs through:

Accepted Answer

A)  lenticels. 
B)  pith. 
C)  pith rays. 
D)  phloem fiber caps. 
E)  rays. 
A)  lenticels. 
B)  pith. 
C)  pith rays. 
D)  phloem fiber caps. 
E)  rays.

Question 20

Figure 35-1   In the accompanying figure, the function of the structure labeled as 1 represents:

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of pith. 
B)  protection. 
C)  conduction of water and dissolved minerals from the roots. 
D)  conduction of sugars from the leaves. 
E)  photosynthesis. 
A)  the formation of pith. 
B)  protection. 
C)  conduction of water and dissolved minerals from the roots. 
D)  conduction of sugars from the leaves. 
E)  photosynthesis.

Exam 35: Stem Structure and Transport

Cork cambium and the tissues it produces are collectively known as:

At the center of an herbaceous eudicot stem is:

Monocots such as palms and bamboo achieve considerable increase in girth by:

Secondary xylem contains all of the following cell types except :

Periderm is the functional replacement of the bark .

Compare transpiration and translocation, and be sure to cover the five points below. 1. Principle substance(s) transported 2. Direction of transport 3. Tissue through which transport occurs 4. Name of model that explains the process 5. Does the plant expend energy to carry out the process?

Water is transported vertically through the plant via the process of translocation .

Figure 35-3 In the accompanying figure, the structure labeled as ____ is formed in the leaf scars by vascular tissue that extends from the stem out into the leaf.

Figure 35-2 In the accompanying figure, the cell layer that contains xylem is labeled as:

Water is capable of rising to the tops of the tallest trees due to the:

Sapwood develops from:

Secondary growth occurs as a result of the activity of which two lateral meristems?

In a plant, most water is transported vertically by being pushed to the top.

Identify four external features of a woody twig and briefly explain the function and/or origin of each.

____ is the predominant photosynthetic product carried in phloem.

One reason that water is able to form unbroken columns is because water molecules are cohesive .

The outermost cell layer of herbaceous stems is the:

Sapwood is functional secondary xylem.

In woody plants, the lateral transport of materials occurs through:

Figure 35-1 In the accompanying figure, the function of the structure labeled as 1 represents:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

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Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

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An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

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Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

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Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

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Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

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