Question 1

Pituitary dwarfism is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  hypersecretion of thyroxine during childhood. 
B)  hyposecretion of thyroxine during childhood. 
C)  hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood. 
D)  hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood. 
E)  hypersecretion of epinephrine during childhood. 
A)  hypersecretion of thyroxine during childhood. 
B)  hyposecretion of thyroxine during childhood. 
C)  hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood. 
D)  hyposecretion of growth hormone during childhood. 
E)  hypersecretion of epinephrine during childhood.

Question 2

Figure 49-2   The second messenger for the hormone mechanism in the accompanying figure is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP. 
B)  G protein. 
C)  cAMP. 
D)  calmodulin. 
E)  Ca2+. 
A)  ATP. 
B)  G protein. 
C)  cAMP. 
D)  calmodulin. 
E)  Ca2+.

Question 3

Prolactin appears to help us recognize familiar faces and trust other people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is a modified fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostaglandin 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  melatonin 
A)  prostaglandin 
B)  cyclic AMP 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  epinephrine 
E)  melatonin

Question 5

G protein-linked receptors are transmembrane proteins that convert a(n) extracellular hormone signal into an intracellular signal that affects certain cell processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Insulin is produced by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
C)  cortical cells of the adrenal gland. 
D)  neurons in the hypothalamus. 
E)  lobules of the liver. 
A)  beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
C)  cortical cells of the adrenal gland. 
D)  neurons in the hypothalamus. 
E)  lobules of the liver.

Question 7

Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the ____ that can have ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  blood: stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
B)  lymph ducts; stimulatory effects 
C)  ducts; stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
D)  neurons; stimulatory effects 
E)  glands; inhibitory effects 
A)  blood: stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
B)  lymph ducts; stimulatory effects 
C)  ducts; stimulatory or inhibitory effects 
D)  neurons; stimulatory effects 
E)  glands; inhibitory effects

Question 8

Exocrine glands have no ducts and secrete their hormones into the surrounding interstial fluid or blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Briefly discuss the complementary functional roles of insulin and glucagon.

Accepted Answer

High blood sugar stimulates the beta cel

Question 10

Figure 49-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
E)  8 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  4 
D)  6 
E)  8

Question 11

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

Accepted Answer

A)  ecdysiotropin 
B)  juvenile hormone 
C)  histamine 
D)  pheromone 
E)  ecdysone 
A)  ecdysiotropin 
B)  juvenile hormone 
C)  histamine 
D)  pheromone 
E)  ecdysone

Question 12

The function of oxytocin is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate uterine contractions 
B)  stimulate the cells of the mammary glands to produce milk 
C)  regulate the permeability of the collecting tubules of the kidney 
D)  stimulate ovulation 
E)  stimulate the growth of the ovarian follicles 
A)  stimulate uterine contractions 
B)  stimulate the cells of the mammary glands to produce milk 
C)  regulate the permeability of the collecting tubules of the kidney 
D)  stimulate ovulation 
E)  stimulate the growth of the ovarian follicles

Question 13

Which of the following is the largest group of hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid hormones 
B)  polysaccharide hormones 
C)  amino acid derivatives 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  fatty acid derivatives 
A)  steroid hormones 
B)  polysaccharide hormones 
C)  amino acid derivatives 
D)  peptide hormones 
E)  fatty acid derivatives

Question 14

Which types of hormones can enter cells and turn specific genes on and off?

Accepted Answer

A)  steroid and peptide hormones 
B)  steroid and thyroid hormones 
C)  thyroid and peptide hormones 
D)  peptide and phospholipid hormones 
E)  steroid and phospholipid hormones 
A)  steroid and peptide hormones 
B)  steroid and thyroid hormones 
C)  thyroid and peptide hormones 
D)  peptide and phospholipid hormones 
E)  steroid and phospholipid hormones

Question 15

The pituitary gland is regulated most directly by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pineal gland. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  thymus gland. 
D)  adrenal gland. 
E)  thyroid gland. 
A)  pineal gland. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  thymus gland. 
D)  adrenal gland. 
E)  thyroid gland.

Question 16

Figure 49-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  6 
D)  8 
E)  10

Question 17

When blood glucose concentration is high, pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, and consequently blood glucose concentration is increased.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What type of endocrine signaling is used predominantly by invertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  autocrine signaling 
B)  paracrine signaling 
C)  classical endocrine signaling 
D)  neuroendocrine signaling 
E)  no endocrine signaling 
A)  autocrine signaling 
B)  paracrine signaling 
C)  classical endocrine signaling 
D)  neuroendocrine signaling 
E)  no endocrine signaling

Question 19

During stressful situations, epinephrine initiates:

Accepted Answer

A)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the kidneys. 
B)  the constriction of the blood vessels to the heart. 
C)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the brain. 
D)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the skin. 
E)  a decrease in blood glucose levels. 
A)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the kidneys. 
B)  the constriction of the blood vessels to the heart. 
C)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the brain. 
D)  the dilation of the blood vessels to the skin. 
E)  a decrease in blood glucose levels.

Question 20

In a signal transduction pathway involving cAMP as a second messenger, after a G protein is activated, the activated G protein then activates:

Accepted Answer

A)  phospholipase C. 
B)  adenylyl cyclase. 
C)  calmodulin. 
D)  protein kinase. 
E)  diacylglycerol. 
A)  phospholipase C. 
B)  adenylyl cyclase. 
C)  calmodulin. 
D)  protein kinase. 
E)  diacylglycerol.

Exam 49: Endocrine Regulation

Pituitary dwarfism is caused by:

Figure 49-2 The second messenger for the hormone mechanism in the accompanying figure is:

Prolactin appears to help us recognize familiar faces and trust other people.

Which of the following is a modified fatty acid?

G protein-linked receptors are transmembrane proteins that convert a(n) extracellular hormone signal into an intracellular signal that affects certain cell processes.

Insulin is produced by the:

Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the ____ that can have ____.

Exocrine glands have no ducts and secrete their hormones into the surrounding interstial fluid or blood.

Briefly discuss the complementary functional roles of insulin and glucagon.

Figure 49-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Which hormone stimulates insect growth and molting?

The function of oxytocin is to:

Which of the following is the largest group of hormones?

Which types of hormones can enter cells and turn specific genes on and off?

The pituitary gland is regulated most directly by the:

Figure 49-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

When blood glucose concentration is high, pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, and consequently blood glucose concentration is increased.

What type of endocrine signaling is used predominantly by invertebrates?

During stressful situations, epinephrine initiates:

In a signal transduction pathway involving cAMP as a second messenger, after a G protein is activated, the activated G protein then activates:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

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Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

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An Introduction to Animal Diversity

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Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

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Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

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Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

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Hormones are chemical messengers transported by the that can have .