Question 1

What is an advantage for using Arabidopsis to study plant development and genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Arabidopsis genome is largely unstudied, and therefore there is a lot that scientists can learn. 
B)  Arabidopsis mutants can be easily induced with chemicals. 
C)  There are no developmental mutants in Arabidopsis, therefore, normal development can be studied easily. 
D)  This plant completes its life cycle in just a few months. 
E)  This plant is a weed of no economic importance. 
A)  The Arabidopsis genome is largely unstudied, and therefore there is a lot that scientists can learn. 
B)  Arabidopsis mutants can be easily induced with chemicals. 
C)  There are no developmental mutants in Arabidopsis, therefore, normal development can be studied easily. 
D)  This plant completes its life cycle in just a few months. 
E)  This plant is a weed of no economic importance.

Question 2

The only known source of human embryonic stem cells is:

Accepted Answer

A)  placental tissue. 
B)  umbilical cords. 
C)  early human embryos. 
D)  brain tissue. 
E)  nerve tissue. 
A)  placental tissue. 
B)  umbilical cords. 
C)  early human embryos. 
D)  brain tissue. 
E)  nerve tissue.

Question 3

In early Drosophila development, which of the following forms first?

Accepted Answer

A)  segmented larva 
B)  pupa 
C)  syncytial blastoderm 
D)  blastocyst 
E)  cellular blastoderm 
A)  segmented larva 
B)  pupa 
C)  syncytial blastoderm 
D)  blastocyst 
E)  cellular blastoderm

Question 4

When the human gene coding for insulin is introduced into a mouse embryo, the gene is correctly expressed in the appropriate tissue. This shows that:

Accepted Answer

A)  tissue-specific gene expression is highly conserved during evolution. 
B)  the introduced gene was edited by the mouse embryo for proper function. 
C)  the introduced gene was exactly the same as the mouse gene for insulin. 
D)  mice and humans are not closely related. 
E)  mouse genes are not tissue specific. 
A)  tissue-specific gene expression is highly conserved during evolution. 
B)  the introduced gene was edited by the mouse embryo for proper function. 
C)  the introduced gene was exactly the same as the mouse gene for insulin. 
D)  mice and humans are not closely related. 
E)  mouse genes are not tissue specific.

Question 5

One of the main obstacles to successful cloning of sheep, apparently overcome by Wilmut et al ., was to:

Accepted Answer

A)  find an adult nucleus that was likely to work. 
B)  synchronize the cell cycles of the donor cell and the egg cell. 
C)  enucleate the donor cell. 
D)  have the ability to culture cells in the laboratory. 
E)  recognize that the nucleus from one sheep cell may contain different genetic information than the nucleus of another cell from the same animal. 
A)  find an adult nucleus that was likely to work. 
B)  synchronize the cell cycles of the donor cell and the egg cell. 
C)  enucleate the donor cell. 
D)  have the ability to culture cells in the laboratory. 
E)  recognize that the nucleus from one sheep cell may contain different genetic information than the nucleus of another cell from the same animal.

Question 6

Cloning mammals has proven to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  impossible. 
B)  easy and straightforward. 
C)  not technically feasible at the present time. 
D)  a technique that produces many similar-looking, deformed progeny. 
E)  a process with a low success rate and a high incidence of genetic defects. 
A)  impossible. 
B)  easy and straightforward. 
C)  not technically feasible at the present time. 
D)  a technique that produces many similar-looking, deformed progeny. 
E)  a process with a low success rate and a high incidence of genetic defects.

Question 7

Figure 17-12   The mutant fly in the accompanying figure illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  the existence of homeotic genes in Drosophila . 
B)  the concept of totipotency. 
C)  the normal functions of genes affecting segment identity. 
D)  genetic diversity in the fly. 
E)  a structure containing many nuclei residing in a common cytoplasm 
A)  the existence of homeotic genes in Drosophila . 
B)  the concept of totipotency. 
C)  the normal functions of genes affecting segment identity. 
D)  genetic diversity in the fly. 
E)  a structure containing many nuclei residing in a common cytoplasm

Question 8

Drosophila melanogaster is a suitable research subject for developmental genetics studies because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fly is large enough for many surgical procedures. 
B)  many developmental control genes observed in the fly are also present in humans. 
C)  flies are not subject to genetic mutations. 
D)  while flies are small and easy to house, they require specialized and expensive dietary requirements. 
E)  the control of fly development is unique and unrelated to human development. 
A)  the fly is large enough for many surgical procedures. 
B)  many developmental control genes observed in the fly are also present in humans. 
C)  flies are not subject to genetic mutations. 
D)  while flies are small and easy to house, they require specialized and expensive dietary requirements. 
E)  the control of fly development is unique and unrelated to human development.

Question 9

Cells become progressively committed to specific patterns of gene activity and developmental fate through a process known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  determination. 
C)  cell differentiation. 
D)  pattern formation. 
E)  growth. 
A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  determination. 
C)  cell differentiation. 
D)  pattern formation. 
E)  growth.

Question 10

You would not expect to find homeobox or homeobox-like genes in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Drosophila . 
B)  Arabidopsis . 
C)  C. elegans . 
D)  H. sapiens 
E)  E.coli 
A)  Drosophila . 
B)  Arabidopsis . 
C)  C. elegans . 
D)  H. sapiens 
E)  E.coli

Question 11

During the course of development, unspecialized cells become more committed to a specific fate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Homeotic genes code for transcription factors .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

How does the early development of the mouse differ from that of Caenorhabditis ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Embryonic mouse cells commit to their ultimate fate earlier than do the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
B)  Early development of a mouse is regulative, while early development of Caenorhabditis is not. 
C)  Mouse cells require higher concentrations of nutrients than do the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
D)  Embryonic mouse cells differentiate much later than the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
E)  Embryonic development in the mouse is controlled by transcription factors, while Caenorhabditis is not. 
A)  Embryonic mouse cells commit to their ultimate fate earlier than do the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
B)  Early development of a mouse is regulative, while early development of Caenorhabditis is not. 
C)  Mouse cells require higher concentrations of nutrients than do the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
D)  Embryonic mouse cells differentiate much later than the cells of Caenorhabditis. 
E)  Embryonic development in the mouse is controlled by transcription factors, while Caenorhabditis is not.

Question 14

What is a goal of human therapeutic cloning?

Accepted Answer

A)  To transfer cells from an unrelated individual into a patient needing a transplant. 
B)  To create pluripotent cells for medical research only 
C)  To make a new individual, who is genetically identical to a patient needing a transplant. 
D)  To create pluripotent stem cells using a patient's nucleus 
E)  To extract ES cells from an embryo 
A)  To transfer cells from an unrelated individual into a patient needing a transplant. 
B)  To create pluripotent cells for medical research only 
C)  To make a new individual, who is genetically identical to a patient needing a transplant. 
D)  To create pluripotent stem cells using a patient's nucleus 
E)  To extract ES cells from an embryo

Question 15

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Instances in which cells die shortly after they are produced in development illustrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  mosaic development. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  non-specific differentiation. 
E)  caspases. 
A)  morphogenesis. 
B)  mosaic development. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  non-specific differentiation. 
E)  caspases.

Question 17

The concept of nuclear equivalence states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the somatic cells in an adult organism have the same genes. 
B)  the genes of the individuals of the same species are exactly the same. 
C)  as cells mature, unneeded genes are lost. 
D)  the nuclei of all organisms are the same. 
E)  nuclei of individuals of the same species are the same size. 
A)  all of the somatic cells in an adult organism have the same genes. 
B)  the genes of the individuals of the same species are exactly the same. 
C)  as cells mature, unneeded genes are lost. 
D)  the nuclei of all organisms are the same. 
E)  nuclei of individuals of the same species are the same size.

Question 18

Mutations in segmentation genes cause one body part to be substituted for another body part.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

For about ____ of mouse genes, there is a similar gene in the human genome.

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  90% 
E)  99% 
A)  10% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  90% 
E)  99%

Question 20

Undifferentiated cells that can divide and specialize to form a variety of different cells are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  differential cells. 
B)  mother cells. 
C)  somatic cells. 
D)  stem cells. 
E)  morphogens. 
A)  differential cells. 
B)  mother cells. 
C)  somatic cells. 
D)  stem cells. 
E)  morphogens.

Exam 17: Developmental Genetics

What is an advantage for using Arabidopsis to study plant development and genetics?

The only known source of human embryonic stem cells is:

In early Drosophila development, which of the following forms first?

When the human gene coding for insulin is introduced into a mouse embryo, the gene is correctly expressed in the appropriate tissue. This shows that:

One of the main obstacles to successful cloning of sheep, apparently overcome by Wilmut et al ., was to:

Cloning mammals has proven to be:

Figure 17-12 The mutant fly in the accompanying figure illustrates:

Drosophila melanogaster is a suitable research subject for developmental genetics studies because:

Cells become progressively committed to specific patterns of gene activity and developmental fate through a process known as:

You would not expect to find homeobox or homeobox-like genes in:

During the course of development, unspecialized cells become more committed to a specific fate.

Homeotic genes code for transcription factors .

How does the early development of the mouse differ from that of Caenorhabditis ?

What is a goal of human therapeutic cloning?

Each homeobox codes for a protein functional region that binds to a specific DNA sequence and thereby affects translation .

Instances in which cells die shortly after they are produced in development illustrate:

The concept of nuclear equivalence states that:

Mutations in segmentation genes cause one body part to be substituted for another body part.

For about ____ of mouse genes, there is a similar gene in the human genome.

Undifferentiated cells that can divide and specialize to form a variety of different cells are called:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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