Question 1

What is the difference between a totipotent stem cell and a pluripotent stem cell? What piece of evidence would you need to distinguish them?

Accepted Answer

A totipotent stem cell has the potential

Question 2

Drosophila developmental mutants of ____ genes produce larvae with mirror image segments.

Accepted Answer

A)  gap 
B)  pair-rule 
C)  segmentation 
D)  paternal effect 
E)  segment polarity 
A)  gap 
B)  pair-rule 
C)  segmentation 
D)  paternal effect 
E)  segment polarity

Question 3

What characteristics of Caenorhabditis elegans make it useful in molecular genetics studies?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Caenorhabditis has

Question 4

Embryonic stem cells cannot develop into ____ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle 
B)  nerve 
C)  blood 
D)  placental 
E)  other stem 
A)  muscle 
B)  nerve 
C)  blood 
D)  placental 
E)  other stem

Question 5

Genes that normally block cell division are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth factor genes. 
B)  oncogenes. 
C)  tumor suppressor genes. 
D)  proto-oncogenes. 
E)  growth inhibiting genes. 
A)  growth factor genes. 
B)  oncogenes. 
C)  tumor suppressor genes. 
D)  proto-oncogenes. 
E)  growth inhibiting genes.

Question 6

One characteristic that makes Caenorhabditis elegans attractive for developmental studies is:

Accepted Answer

A)  its small, transparent body. 
B)  the extensive number of genes shared with humans. 
C)  the developmental defects that occur in this organism. 
D)  the close evolutionary relationship between this mammal and humans. 
E)  the presence of zygotic segmentation genes, similar to those found in humans. 
A)  its small, transparent body. 
B)  the extensive number of genes shared with humans. 
C)  the developmental defects that occur in this organism. 
D)  the close evolutionary relationship between this mammal and humans. 
E)  the presence of zygotic segmentation genes, similar to those found in humans.

Question 7

Figure 17-12   The mutation labeled as 1 to the far right in the accompanying figure represents:

Accepted Answer

A)  legs developing where antenna should be. 
B)  appendages of the eyes. 
C)  enlarged antennae. 
D)  newly formed structures to remove pollen or dust from the eyes. 
E)  a revision of the fly body so that legs and antenna have switched places. 
A)  legs developing where antenna should be. 
B)  appendages of the eyes. 
C)  enlarged antennae. 
D)  newly formed structures to remove pollen or dust from the eyes. 
E)  a revision of the fly body so that legs and antenna have switched places.

Question 8

The results of the experiment outlined in the accompanying figure clearly demonstrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  gene amplification. 
B)  founder cell development pattern. 
C)  mosaic development. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  totipotency. 
A)  gene amplification. 
B)  founder cell development pattern. 
C)  mosaic development. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  totipotency.

Question 9

The first cloned mammal, Dolly:

Accepted Answer

A)  was stillborn. 
B)  developed arthritis and a virus-induced lung cancer at a relatively young age. 
C)  lived a short period of time before suffering advanced aging effects. 
D)  lived to a normal age for sheep. 
E)  lived longer than normal sheep. 
A)  was stillborn. 
B)  developed arthritis and a virus-induced lung cancer at a relatively young age. 
C)  lived a short period of time before suffering advanced aging effects. 
D)  lived to a normal age for sheep. 
E)  lived longer than normal sheep.

Question 10

Capases are ____ that are active in the first stages of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  genes; polarity establishment 
B)  genes; cancer 
C)  transcription factors; cancer 
D)  hormones; apoptosis 
E)  proteolytic enzymes; apoptosis 
A)  genes; polarity establishment 
B)  genes; cancer 
C)  transcription factors; cancer 
D)  hormones; apoptosis 
E)  proteolytic enzymes; apoptosis

Question 11

Which of the following is characteristic of mosaic development?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cells of the adult are very different from each other. 
B)  The fate of adult cells is predetermined in embryonic founder cells. 
C)  Adult cells are richly interspersed with proteins. 
D)  Embryonic cells have a wide range of possible developmental patterns. 
E)  Embryos have a wide range of morphologies, but all look identical as adults. 
A)  The cells of the adult are very different from each other. 
B)  The fate of adult cells is predetermined in embryonic founder cells. 
C)  Adult cells are richly interspersed with proteins. 
D)  Embryonic cells have a wide range of possible developmental patterns. 
E)  Embryos have a wide range of morphologies, but all look identical as adults.

Question 12

____ are known as master genes of development, and may hold clues to the field of evolutionary developmental biology known as Evo Devo.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuclear equivalent genes 
B)  Stem cell genes 
C)  Prokaryotic transcription factors 
D)  Segmentation genes 
E)  Homeobox genes 
A)  Nuclear equivalent genes 
B)  Stem cell genes 
C)  Prokaryotic transcription factors 
D)  Segmentation genes 
E)  Homeobox genes

Question 13

Figure 17-4   In the accompanying figure, the purpose of electrical shock at the stage of the process labeled as A is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  kill the egg cell nucleus. 
B)  initiate fusion of the two cells. 
C)  stimulate cell division. 
D)  induce mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis. 
A)  kill the egg cell nucleus. 
B)  initiate fusion of the two cells. 
C)  stimulate cell division. 
D)  induce mutations. 
E)  initiate apoptosis.

Question 14

Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by:

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  tumor suppressor genes. 
C)  growth factors. 
D)  transcription factors. 
E)  infection by certain viruses. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  tumor suppressor genes. 
C)  growth factors. 
D)  transcription factors. 
E)  infection by certain viruses.

Question 15

Some Drosophila developmental genes result in the loss of alternate segments in the larva when mutated. These genes are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  embryonic segment genes. 
B)  larval segmentation genes. 
C)  segment polarity genes. 
D)  pair-rule genes. 
E)  gap genes. 
A)  embryonic segment genes. 
B)  larval segmentation genes. 
C)  segment polarity genes. 
D)  pair-rule genes. 
E)  gap genes.

Question 16

Pattern formation includes signaling between cells, changes in cell shape, and cell apoptosis . 
_________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In the process known as ____, the fate of a cell is influenced by interactions with neighboring cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  determination 
B)  induction 
C)  apoptosis 
D)  differentiation 
E)  tumor suppression 
A)  determination 
B)  induction 
C)  apoptosis 
D)  differentiation 
E)  tumor suppression

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: Step 2
Step 1
Step 5
Step 4
Step 3

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Fuse mammary cell with enucleated egg cell. is...

Question 19

What would be the consequence of removing a founder cell early in the development of Caenorhabditis ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The organism would continue to develop normally. 
B)  The organism would develop normally but would be slightly smaller. 
C)  The organism would not develop at all. 
D)  The organism would be a hermaphrodite. 
E)  The structures that normally develop from that cell would be missing. 
A)  The organism would continue to develop normally. 
B)  The organism would develop normally but would be slightly smaller. 
C)  The organism would not develop at all. 
D)  The organism would be a hermaphrodite. 
E)  The structures that normally develop from that cell would be missing.

Question 20

Totipotent nuclei are capable of:

Accepted Answer

A)  controlling the expression of other genes in the nucleus. 
B)  directing normal development of an organism. 
C)  causing cells to lose the ability to differentiate. 
D)  undergoing unlimited nuclear divisions. 
E)  stopping the cell cycle at will. 
A)  controlling the expression of other genes in the nucleus. 
B)  directing normal development of an organism. 
C)  causing cells to lose the ability to differentiate. 
D)  undergoing unlimited nuclear divisions. 
E)  stopping the cell cycle at will.

Exam 17: Developmental Genetics

What is the difference between a totipotent stem cell and a pluripotent stem cell? What piece of evidence would you need to distinguish them?

Drosophila developmental mutants of ____ genes produce larvae with mirror image segments.

What characteristics of Caenorhabditis elegans make it useful in molecular genetics studies?

Embryonic stem cells cannot develop into ____ cells.

Genes that normally block cell division are called:

One characteristic that makes Caenorhabditis elegans attractive for developmental studies is:

Figure 17-12 The mutation labeled as 1 to the far right in the accompanying figure represents:

The results of the experiment outlined in the accompanying figure clearly demonstrate:

The first cloned mammal, Dolly:

Capases are ____ that are active in the first stages of ____.

Which of the following is characteristic of mosaic development?

____ are known as master genes of development, and may hold clues to the field of evolutionary developmental biology known as Evo Devo.

Figure 17-4 In the accompanying figure, the purpose of electrical shock at the stage of the process labeled as A is to:

Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by:

Some Drosophila developmental genes result in the loss of alternate segments in the larva when mutated. These genes are called:

Pattern formation includes signaling between cells, changes in cell shape, and cell apoptosis . _________________

In the process known as ____, the fate of a cell is influenced by interactions with neighboring cells.

What would be the consequence of removing a founder cell early in the development of Caenorhabditis ?

Totipotent nuclei are capable of:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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