Question 1

DNA is associated with RNA and certain proteins forming chromatin . __________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

List the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Identify three ways that these differences impact cell function.

Accepted Answer

Similarities between prokaryote and euka

Question 3

Figure 4-1   Which statement about the accompanying figures is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Figure B has a smaller volume than Figure A. 
B)  Figure B has a greater volume than Figure A. 
C)  Figure B has a greater surface area than Figure A. 
D)  Figure B has a greater surface area to volume ratio than Figure A. 
E)  Figure B has a smaller surface area to volume ratio than Figure A. 
A)  Figure B has a smaller volume than Figure A. 
B)  Figure B has a greater volume than Figure A. 
C)  Figure B has a greater surface area than Figure A. 
D)  Figure B has a greater surface area to volume ratio than Figure A. 
E)  Figure B has a smaller surface area to volume ratio than Figure A.

Question 4

A glycoprotein destined for secretion from the cell would move through the Golgi complex which sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  cis face to medial region to trans face 
B)  trans face to cis face to medial region 
C)  trans face to medial region to cis face 
D)  cis face to trans face to medial region 
E)  medial face to trans face to cis face 
A)  cis face to medial region to trans face 
B)  trans face to cis face to medial region 
C)  trans face to medial region to cis face 
D)  cis face to trans face to medial region 
E)  medial face to trans face to cis face

Question 5

Proteins made on ribosomes may be further modified within which organelle?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi complex. 
E)  peroxisomes. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  mitochondria. 
D)  Golgi complex. 
E)  peroxisomes.

Question 6

Why are membrane-bounded organelles able to facilitate faster chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Membranes are permeable to all solutes and their enzymes. 
B)  Enzymes are organized close together on the membrane surface. 
C)  Membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. 
D)  Membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. 
E)  Enzymes are more readily available within membrane-bounded organelles. 
A)  Membranes are permeable to all solutes and their enzymes. 
B)  Enzymes are organized close together on the membrane surface. 
C)  Membranes lower the activation energy of biochemical reactions. 
D)  Membrane-bounded organelles act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. 
E)  Enzymes are more readily available within membrane-bounded organelles.

Question 7

What is one cellular characteristic found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleoplasm 
C)  chloroplast 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  plasma membrane 
A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleoplasm 
C)  chloroplast 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  plasma membrane

Question 8

Draw and label a rough structural diagram of a flagellum. Identify the role of each labeled structure in the process of movement associated with this organelle. BONUS: Consider how your answer would differ if you were asked to discuss cilia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw and label a rough structural diagram...

Question 9

During an infection, white blood cells travel to the infected site and phagocytize the pathogens. After phagocytosis, primary lysosomes fuse with the phagocytic vesicle to form a larger vesicle called a secondary lysosome. The purpose for this process is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  introduce antibodies to the phagocytic vesicles. 
B)  degrade the bacteria and export it from the cell. 
C)  wrap the pathogen in additional membrane, rendering them harmless. 
D)  mix the pathogens with strong hydrolytic enzymes and destroy them. 
E)  coat the bacteria in lipids derived from the Golgi complex, which cover and smother them. 
A)  introduce antibodies to the phagocytic vesicles. 
B)  degrade the bacteria and export it from the cell. 
C)  wrap the pathogen in additional membrane, rendering them harmless. 
D)  mix the pathogens with strong hydrolytic enzymes and destroy them. 
E)  coat the bacteria in lipids derived from the Golgi complex, which cover and smother them.

Question 10

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).   What enzyme in the ER lumen catalyze the efficient folding of proteins into proper conformations?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  proteasomes 
C)  golgi complexes 
D)  digestive enzymes 
E)  molecular chaperones 
A)  calcium 
B)  proteasomes 
C)  golgi complexes 
D)  digestive enzymes 
E)  molecular chaperones

Question 11

Which of the following organelles plays an important role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  vacuoles 
E)  peroxisomes 
A)  ribosomes 
B)  mitochondria 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  vacuoles 
E)  peroxisomes

Question 12

You want to determine the location of a specific protein in a cell using a colored stain. Which of the following is the best technique for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  electron microscopy 
B)  phase contrast microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  fluorescence microscopy 
E)  dark-field microscopy 
A)  electron microscopy 
B)  phase contrast microscopy 
C)  bright-field microscopy 
D)  fluorescence microscopy 
E)  dark-field microscopy

Question 13

Plants lack organ systems for disposing of toxic metabolic waste products. Their cells' vacuoles are like what animal cell organelle?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleolus 
B)  lysosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  nucleolus 
B)  lysosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  mitochondria 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum

Question 14

Figure 4-4   Refer to the accompanying figure. If you treated this organelle to remove ONLY the chlorophyll, which label indicates the portion of the organelle that would be most directly affected by this treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 15

DNA must transcribe its information into what type of molecule before leaving the nucleus and entering the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  myosin 
D)  polypeptide 
E)  chromosomes 
A)  RNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  myosin 
D)  polypeptide 
E)  chromosomes

Question 16

Enzymes called proteases in the ER lumen catalyze folding of proteins into proper conformations. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The micrometer ( μ m) is the most convenient unit for measuring cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is the microtubule arrangement of a flagellum or cilium?

Accepted Answer

A)  9 x1 array 
B)  9 + 1 array 
C)  9 x 3 structure 
D)  9 + 2 arrangement 
E)  9 + 3 arrangement 
A)  9 x1 array 
B)  9 + 1 array 
C)  9 x 3 structure 
D)  9 + 2 arrangement 
E)  9 + 3 arrangement

Question 19

Golgi complexes of prokaryotic cells produce extracellullar polysaccharides that are used to make cell walls. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In scanning electron microscopy, an electron beam passes through a very thin slice of a specimen and then falls onto a photographic plate or a fluorescent screen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Organization of the Cell

DNA is associated with RNA and certain proteins forming chromatin . __________________

List the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Identify three ways that these differences impact cell function.

Figure 4-1 Which statement about the accompanying figures is true?

A glycoprotein destined for secretion from the cell would move through the Golgi complex which sequence?

Proteins made on ribosomes may be further modified within which organelle?

Why are membrane-bounded organelles able to facilitate faster chemical reactions?

What is one cellular characteristic found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Draw and label a rough structural diagram of a flagellum. Identify the role of each labeled structure in the process of movement associated with this organelle. BONUS: Consider how your answer would differ if you were asked to discuss cilia.

During an infection, white blood cells travel to the infected site and phagocytize the pathogens. After phagocytosis, primary lysosomes fuse with the phagocytic vesicle to form a larger vesicle called a secondary lysosome. The purpose for this process is to:

Figure 4-2 Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s). What enzyme in the ER lumen catalyze the efficient folding of proteins into proper conformations?

Which of the following organelles plays an important role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death?

You want to determine the location of a specific protein in a cell using a colored stain. Which of the following is the best technique for this purpose?

Plants lack organ systems for disposing of toxic metabolic waste products. Their cells' vacuoles are like what animal cell organelle?

Figure 4-4 Refer to the accompanying figure. If you treated this organelle to remove ONLY the chlorophyll, which label indicates the portion of the organelle that would be most directly affected by this treatment?

DNA must transcribe its information into what type of molecule before leaving the nucleus and entering the cytoplasm?

Enzymes called proteases in the ER lumen catalyze folding of proteins into proper conformations. __________________

The micrometer ( μ m) is the most convenient unit for measuring cells.

What is the microtubule arrangement of a flagellum or cilium?

Golgi complexes of prokaryotic cells produce extracellullar polysaccharides that are used to make cell walls. __________________

In scanning electron microscopy, an electron beam passes through a very thin slice of a specimen and then falls onto a photographic plate or a fluorescent screen.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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