Question 1

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis in spiracles. 
B)  respiration in tracheal tubes. 
C)  concurrent exchange in gills. 
D)  diffusion in small animals. 
E)  countercurrent exchange in gills. 
A)  osmosis in spiracles. 
B)  respiration in tracheal tubes. 
C)  concurrent exchange in gills. 
D)  diffusion in small animals. 
E)  countercurrent exchange in gills.

Question 2

Molecular oxygen attaches to the iron atoms in a hemoglobin molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Fick's law states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of gas diffusing across a membrane depends on differences in partial pressure. 
B)  the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
C)  the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin depends on the pH of the environment. 
D)  as oxygen concentration increases, there is an increase in the amount of hemoglobin produced. 
E)  the size of an animal varies inversely to the amount of diffusion across its respiratory membranes. 
A)  the amount of gas diffusing across a membrane depends on differences in partial pressure. 
B)  the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of the individual gases. 
C)  the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin depends on the pH of the environment. 
D)  as oxygen concentration increases, there is an increase in the amount of hemoglobin produced. 
E)  the size of an animal varies inversely to the amount of diffusion across its respiratory membranes.

Question 4

Figure 46-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Place figures 1-4 in the correct order to represent the two-cycle breathing process of birds.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 → 2 → 3 → 4 
B)  2 → 3 → 4 → 1 
C)  2 → 3 → 1 → 4 
D)  3 → 2 → 1 → 4 
E)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1 
A)  1 → 2 → 3 → 4 
B)  2 → 3 → 4 → 1 
C)  2 → 3 → 1 → 4 
D)  3 → 2 → 1 → 4 
E)  4 → 3 → 2 → 1

Question 5

Figure 46-3   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The   of the air in the alveoli must be greater than 100 mm Hg. 
B)  The   in the tissues must be less than 100 mm Hg. 
C)  The   of the air in the alveoli must be less than 40 mm Hg. 
D)  The   in the tissues must be greater than 40 mm Hg. 
E)  The   in the tissues must be equal to the   in the tissues. 
A)  The   of the air in the alveoli must be greater than 100 mm Hg. 
B)  The   in the tissues must be less than 100 mm Hg. 
C)  The   of the air in the alveoli must be less than 40 mm Hg. 
D)  The   in the tissues must be greater than 40 mm Hg. 
E)  The   in the tissues must be equal to the   in the tissues.

Question 6

If mitochondria were deprived of oxygen:

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular respiration would cease. 
B)  ATP synthesis would cease. 
C)  cells would eventually die. 
D)  cellular respiration and ATP synthesis would cease. 
E)  cellular respiration and ATP synthesis would cease and the cells would eventually die. 
A)  cellular respiration would cease. 
B)  ATP synthesis would cease. 
C)  cells would eventually die. 
D)  cellular respiration and ATP synthesis would cease. 
E)  cellular respiration and ATP synthesis would cease and the cells would eventually die.

Question 7

Explain how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Approximately 10%

Question 8

The percent oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is highest in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  tissues where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
B)  tissues where oxygen concentration is highest. 
C)  venules where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
D)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
E)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration is highest. 
A)  tissues where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
B)  tissues where oxygen concentration is highest. 
C)  venules where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
D)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration is lowest. 
E)  pulmonary capillaries where oxygen concentration is highest.

Question 9

Figure 46-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of these lungs would be found in reptiles?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  4 only 
E)  both 1 and 2 
A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  4 only 
E)  both 1 and 2

Question 10

Describe the harmful effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory system.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: causes bronchial c

Question 11

The amount of air being moved with each ventilation is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  vital capacity. 
B)  tidal volume. 
C)  residual capacity. 
D)  the Bohr effect. 
E)  hyperventilation. 
A)  vital capacity. 
B)  tidal volume. 
C)  residual capacity. 
D)  the Bohr effect. 
E)  hyperventilation.

Question 12

Decompression sickness is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolved gases coming out of solution and forming gas bubbles. 
B)  the concentration of hemoglobin dropping markedly. 
C)  chloride ions precipitating from solution. 
D)  the pH of the blood rising too rapidly. 
E)  carbonic anhydrase being inhibited. 
A)  dissolved gases coming out of solution and forming gas bubbles. 
B)  the concentration of hemoglobin dropping markedly. 
C)  chloride ions precipitating from solution. 
D)  the pH of the blood rising too rapidly. 
E)  carbonic anhydrase being inhibited.

Question 13

The ventilation of insect tracheal tubes is dependent upon the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  pores. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  gills. 
D)  spiracles. 
E)  opercula. 
A)  pores. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  gills. 
D)  spiracles. 
E)  opercula.

Question 14

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of gas exchange in terrestrial and aquatic environments.

Accepted Answer

In terrestrial environments, oxygen and

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: This structure is also called the voice box.
This structure is also called the windpipe.
This structure contains the vocal cords.
Inhaled air passes from the bronchi directly into this structure.
Inhaled dirt and bacteria are pushed toward the throat.
Inhaled air is brought to body temperature within this structure.
Another name for this is the throat region.
There are two branches of this structure.
Exhaled air passes from the bronchioles directly into this structure.
Gas exchange occurs across the thin walls of this structure.
After leaving the pharynx, inhaled air passes next into this structure.
Inhaled air passes from this structure into the surrounding capillaries.
After leaving the larynx, inhaled air passes next into this structure.
During swallowing, the epiglottis closes off the top of this structure.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of larynx and alveoli and nasal cavity and is...

Question 16

Clams and other bivalves typically have:

Accepted Answer

A)  dermal gills. 
B)  gills adapted for trapping food. 
C)  an operculum. 
D)  book lungs. 
E)  swim bladders. 
A)  dermal gills. 
B)  gills adapted for trapping food. 
C)  an operculum. 
D)  book lungs. 
E)  swim bladders.

Question 17

In the process of organismic respiration:

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen is extracted from the environment by the organism and delivered to its cells. 
B)  the citric acid cycle takes place in the cells. 
C)  carbohydrates are broken down and electrons are transferred to oxygen. 
D)  there is an accumulation of lactic acid in the tissues due to the absence of oxygen. 
E)  carbon dioxide is produced in the Krebs cycle. 
A)  oxygen is extracted from the environment by the organism and delivered to its cells. 
B)  the citric acid cycle takes place in the cells. 
C)  carbohydrates are broken down and electrons are transferred to oxygen. 
D)  there is an accumulation of lactic acid in the tissues due to the absence of oxygen. 
E)  carbon dioxide is produced in the Krebs cycle.

Question 18

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces. 
A)  moisten the bronchioles. 
B)  conduct the mucus that contains particles to the pharynx and away from the lungs. 
C)  provide mucus to the lungs to prevent them from dehydrating. 
D)  lubricate the throat for easier swallowing. 
E)  promote gas exchange by providing mucus for the respiratory surfaces.

Question 19

Tracheal tubes and spiracles are characteristically found in annelids .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A(n) increase in the pH of the plasma causes hemoglobin to unload its oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 46: Gas Exchange

The process of gas exchange in parabronchi is similar to:

Molecular oxygen attaches to the iron atoms in a hemoglobin molecule.

Fick's law states that:

Figure 46-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Place figures 1-4 in the correct order to represent the two-cycle breathing process of birds.

Figure 46-3 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which statement is FALSE?

If mitochondria were deprived of oxygen:

Explain how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood.

The percent oxygen saturation of hemoglobin is highest in the:

Figure 46-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which of these lungs would be found in reptiles?

Describe the harmful effects of cigarette smoking on the respiratory system.

The amount of air being moved with each ventilation is referred to as:

Decompression sickness is caused by:

The ventilation of insect tracheal tubes is dependent upon the presence of:

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of gas exchange in terrestrial and aquatic environments.

Clams and other bivalves typically have:

In the process of organismic respiration:

Cilia lining the respiratory tubes beat mucus upward in order to:

Tracheal tubes and spiracles are characteristically found in annelids .

A(n) increase in the pH of the plasma causes hemoglobin to unload its oxygen.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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