Question 1

In polymerase chain reaction technology, the two strands of DNA are separated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  gel electrophoresis. 
B)  treatment with restriction enzymes. 
C)  centrifugation. 
D)  exposure to high pH. 
E)  exposure to heat. 
A)  gel electrophoresis. 
B)  treatment with restriction enzymes. 
C)  centrifugation. 
D)  exposure to high pH. 
E)  exposure to heat.

Question 2

Transgenic organisms are used to aid studies of:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic diseases. 
B)  gene expression. 
C)  immune system function. 
D)  viral diseases. 
E)  genes involved in cancer development. 
A)  genetic diseases. 
B)  gene expression. 
C)  immune system function. 
D)  viral diseases. 
E)  genes involved in cancer development.

Question 3

A cDNA library is complementary to DNA and thus does not contain introns. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Gene targeting:

Accepted Answer

A)  usually results in mice homozygous for the knock-out gene in every cell. 
B)  is used to study orthologous genes. 
C)  measures gene expression activity. 
D)  is a rapid process. 
E)  is a technique typically performed in humans. 
A)  usually results in mice homozygous for the knock-out gene in every cell. 
B)  is used to study orthologous genes. 
C)  measures gene expression activity. 
D)  is a rapid process. 
E)  is a technique typically performed in humans.

Question 5

"Bt corn" are corn plants that contain a bacterial gene for the bacterial toxin, Bt. The production of this toxin kills insects that feed on the plant, thereby making the plants pest-resistant. This process is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  bioengineering. 
B)  genomic studies. 
C)  fluorescent GloFish. 
D)  recombinant DNA technology. 
E)  genetic engineering. 
A)  bioengineering. 
B)  genomic studies. 
C)  fluorescent GloFish. 
D)  recombinant DNA technology. 
E)  genetic engineering.

Question 6

Gene therapy is a new technology that is used to treat genetic disease by correction of the genetic mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The method of choice for constructing a DNA profile on DNA-containing forensic evidence that is old or has been damaged is:

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear DNA sequencing. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA sequencing. 
C)  STR profiling. 
D)  DNA ligation. 
E)  RFLPs. 
A)  nuclear DNA sequencing. 
B)  mitochondrial DNA sequencing. 
C)  STR profiling. 
D)  DNA ligation. 
E)  RFLPs.

Question 8

"Sticky ends" are:

Accepted Answer

A)  the single-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
B)  a problem in recombinant DNA technology because they form loops of single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
D)  sites of the origin of replication in prokaryotes. 
E)  sugar molecules that are bound to the ends of a DNA fragment. 
A)  the single-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
B)  a problem in recombinant DNA technology because they form loops of single-stranded DNA. 
C)  double-stranded ends of a DNA segment created by some restriction enzymes. 
D)  sites of the origin of replication in prokaryotes. 
E)  sugar molecules that are bound to the ends of a DNA fragment.

Question 9

Define the terms restriction enzyme and ligase, and describe how these enzymes are used in recombinant DNA technology.

Accepted Answer

Restriction enzymes are endonucleases wi

Question 10

During the preparation of a human genomic library, plasmids containing human DNA fragments are inserted into:

Accepted Answer

A)  compatible human cells. 
B)  an antibiotic-resistant strain of E. coli to protect the inserted fragments. 
C)  antibiotic-sensitive E. coli cells that become antibiotic-resistant if transformed. 
D)  bacteriophages. 
E)  mRNA molecules. 
A)  compatible human cells. 
B)  an antibiotic-resistant strain of E. coli to protect the inserted fragments. 
C)  antibiotic-sensitive E. coli cells that become antibiotic-resistant if transformed. 
D)  bacteriophages. 
E)  mRNA molecules.

Question 11

The chain termination method of DNA sequencing was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Jacob. 
B)  Watson. 
C)  Hershey. 
D)  Avery. 
E)  Sanger. 
A)  Jacob. 
B)  Watson. 
C)  Hershey. 
D)  Avery. 
E)  Sanger.

Question 12

Explain how the use of Bt crops can result in the evolution of pesticide-resistant insect populations. What issues may arise in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

As pests (insects feed on Bt corn, the t

Question 13

The purpose of the ENCODE study is to identify the functional regions of the human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What is meant by a genetic shotgun?

Accepted Answer

Genetic shotguns are devices used to int

Question 15

Two common methods for obtaining large quantities of a DNA fragment or gene of interest is by PCR or by DNA cloning (for example, construction of a DNA library). Explain one advantage of using PCR and one advantage of using DNA cloning in a living cell.

Accepted Answer

Advantages of PCR: 
1. Faster (lots of D

Question 16

Each individual bacterial colony contains ____ recombinant plasmid as/than the other colonies on the plate, and the DNA sequence of the recombinant plasmid present in any given colony can be identified using a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a different; DNA chip 
B)  the same; DNA chip 
C)  the same; DNA probe 
D)  a different; Western blot 
E)  a different; DNA probe 
A)  a different; DNA chip 
B)  the same; DNA chip 
C)  the same; DNA probe 
D)  a different; Western blot 
E)  a different; DNA probe

Question 17

Plasmid cloning vectors can:

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodate DNA fragments up to 23 kb. 
B)  transport a DNA fragment from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. 
C)  accommodate DNA fragments up to 10 kb. 
D)  accommodate fragments up to 350 kb. 
E)  infect and insert their DNA into bacterial cells. 
A)  accommodate DNA fragments up to 23 kb. 
B)  transport a DNA fragment from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. 
C)  accommodate DNA fragments up to 10 kb. 
D)  accommodate fragments up to 350 kb. 
E)  infect and insert their DNA into bacterial cells.

Question 18

A(n) ____ is produced by introducing a gene for a viral surface protein into a nonpathogenic vector.

Accepted Answer

A)  new pathogen 
B)  new life form 
C)  inactivated pathogen 
D)  nonpathogenic vector 
E)  recombinant vaccine 
A)  new pathogen 
B)  new life form 
C)  inactivated pathogen 
D)  nonpathogenic vector 
E)  recombinant vaccine

Question 19

A chromosome library is a collection of all of the DNA:

Accepted Answer

A)  that occurs in one species. 
B)  contained in one chromosome. 
C)  that would be found in the chromosomes of a typical cell of a particular organism. 
D)  in a recombinant gene. 
E)  that codes for functional enzymes in a chromosome of a particular organism. 
A)  that occurs in one species. 
B)  contained in one chromosome. 
C)  that would be found in the chromosomes of a typical cell of a particular organism. 
D)  in a recombinant gene. 
E)  that codes for functional enzymes in a chromosome of a particular organism.

Question 20

What are transgenic organisms? Explain the rationale behind using these organisms to produce some of the proteins needed for human use, instead of relying solely on proteins produced by genetically engineered E. coli.

Accepted Answer

Transgenic organisms have had a gene or

Exam 15: Dna Technology and Genomics

In polymerase chain reaction technology, the two strands of DNA are separated by:

Transgenic organisms are used to aid studies of:

A cDNA library is complementary to DNA and thus does not contain introns. __________________

Gene targeting:

"Bt corn" are corn plants that contain a bacterial gene for the bacterial toxin, Bt. The production of this toxin kills insects that feed on the plant, thereby making the plants pest-resistant. This process is an example of:

Gene therapy is a new technology that is used to treat genetic disease by correction of the genetic mutation.

The method of choice for constructing a DNA profile on DNA-containing forensic evidence that is old or has been damaged is:

"Sticky ends" are:

Define the terms restriction enzyme and ligase, and describe how these enzymes are used in recombinant DNA technology.

During the preparation of a human genomic library, plasmids containing human DNA fragments are inserted into:

The chain termination method of DNA sequencing was developed by:

Explain how the use of Bt crops can result in the evolution of pesticide-resistant insect populations. What issues may arise in this scenario?

The purpose of the ENCODE study is to identify the functional regions of the human genome.

What is meant by a genetic shotgun?

Two common methods for obtaining large quantities of a DNA fragment or gene of interest is by PCR or by DNA cloning (for example, construction of a DNA library). Explain one advantage of using PCR and one advantage of using DNA cloning in a living cell.

Each individual bacterial colony contains ____ recombinant plasmid as/than the other colonies on the plate, and the DNA sequence of the recombinant plasmid present in any given colony can be identified using a ____.

Plasmid cloning vectors can:

A(n) ____ is produced by introducing a gene for a viral surface protein into a nonpathogenic vector.

A chromosome library is a collection of all of the DNA:

What are transgenic organisms? Explain the rationale behind using these organisms to produce some of the proteins needed for human use, instead of relying solely on proteins produced by genetically engineered E. coli.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Each individual bacterial colony contains recombinant plasmid as/than the other colonies on the plate, and the DNA sequence of the recombinant plasmid present in any given colony can be identified using a .