Question 1

The RBCs generate their energy (ATP) almost exclusively through which metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  Krebs cycle 
B)  Glycolytic pathway 
C)  Phosphogluconate pathway 
D)  Luebering-Rapaport pathway 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Krebs cycle 
B)  Glycolytic pathway 
C)  Phosphogluconate pathway 
D)  Luebering-Rapaport pathway 
E)  None of the above

Question 2

Which integral membrane protein contains approximately 60% carbohydrate and accounts for most of the membrane sialic acid that gives the RBC its negative charge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spectrin 
B)  Actin 
C)  Glycophorin 
D)  Ankyrin 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Spectrin 
B)  Actin 
C)  Glycophorin 
D)  Ankyrin 
E)  None of the above

Question 3

The function of hemoglobin is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Deliver oxygen to the tissues 
B)  Consume oxygen 
C)  Deliver carbon dioxide to the tissues 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Deliver oxygen to the tissues 
B)  Consume oxygen 
C)  Deliver carbon dioxide to the tissues 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 4

This abnormal hemoglobin can form as a result of chronic constipation and represents an irreversible change to the hemoglobin molecule which cannot carry oxygen and will persist until the RBCs carrying this abnormal hemoglobin are removed from the circulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
B)  Methemoglobin 
C)  Sulfhemoglobin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
B)  Methemoglobin 
C)  Sulfhemoglobin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

RBC membrane proteins that are limited to the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane are called __________ proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  Integral 
B)  Peripheral 
C)  Cytoplasmic 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Integral 
B)  Peripheral 
C)  Cytoplasmic 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 6

Adequate ATP levels are crucial to RBC survival and function by maintaining which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemoglobin function 
B)  Membrane integrity and deformity 
C)  RBC volume 
D)  Adequate amounts of reduced pyridine nucleotides 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Hemoglobin function 
B)  Membrane integrity and deformity 
C)  RBC volume 
D)  Adequate amounts of reduced pyridine nucleotides 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

What percentage of normal RBC destruction occurs through the process of intravascular hemolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  90% 
B)  50% 
C)  5-10% 
D)  25% 
E)  None of the above 
A)  90% 
B)  50% 
C)  5-10% 
D)  25% 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

A loss of RBC membrane deformity may be associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase in membrane calcium 
B)  Loss of ATP 
C)  Decrease in the phosphorylation of spectrin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Increase in membrane calcium 
B)  Loss of ATP 
C)  Decrease in the phosphorylation of spectrin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 9

A ringed sideroblast in the bone marrow is diagnostic for what defect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deficient iron absorption 
B)  Deficient globin synthesis 
C)  Deficient RBC metabolic pathways 
D)  Deficient protoporphyrin synthesis 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Deficient iron absorption 
B)  Deficient globin synthesis 
C)  Deficient RBC metabolic pathways 
D)  Deficient protoporphyrin synthesis 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

RBCs contain which of the following genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Four alpha (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
B)  Two beta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
C)  Two delta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
D)  Four gamma (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Four alpha (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
B)  Two beta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
C)  Two delta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
D)  Four gamma (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
E)  All of the above

Question 11

Normal hemoglobin production is dependent on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adequate iron delivery and supply 
B)  Adequate synthesis of protoporphyrin 
C)  Adequate globin synthesis 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Adequate iron delivery and supply 
B)  Adequate synthesis of protoporphyrin 
C)  Adequate globin synthesis 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

The RBC membrane is freely permeable to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  HCO3- 
C)  H2O 
D)  Ca2+ 
E)  K+ 
A)  Na+ 
B)  HCO3- 
C)  H2O 
D)  Ca2+ 
E)  K+

Question 13

Which of the following are abnormal hemoglobins that cannot transport or deliver oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
B)  Methemoglobin 
C)  Sulfhemoglobin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Carboxyhemoglobin 
B)  Methemoglobin 
C)  Sulfhemoglobin 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

Free metheme of the oxidized disassembled hemoglobin molecule during excessive intravascular hemolysis is carried by what transport protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haptoglobin 
B)  Ferritin 
C)  Transferrin 
D)  Hemopexin 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Haptoglobin 
B)  Ferritin 
C)  Transferrin 
D)  Hemopexin 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following can shift the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve to the right?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alkalosis 
B)  Abnormal Hb (methemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin) 
C)  Decreases in 2,3-DPG 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Alkalosis 
B)  Abnormal Hb (methemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin) 
C)  Decreases in 2,3-DPG 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

The dissociation and binding of oxygen by hemoglobin is not directly proportional to the pO2 of its environment but instead exhibits a sigmoid-curve relationship termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  The Embden-Meyerhof pathway 
B)  The phosphogluconate pathway 
C)  The hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve 
D)  The Luebering-Rapaport pathway 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The Embden-Meyerhof pathway 
B)  The phosphogluconate pathway 
C)  The hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve 
D)  The Luebering-Rapaport pathway 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is the protein carrier for the alpha-beta dimers of the dissociated hemoglobin molecule during intravascular hemolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haptoglobin 
B)  Ferritin 
C)  Transferrin 
D)  Hemopexin 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Haptoglobin 
B)  Ferritin 
C)  Transferrin 
D)  Hemopexin 
E)  None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following represents embryonic hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
E)  None of the above 
A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

A loss of RBC membrane results in the formation of which abnormal RBC morphology which represents a reduced surface-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  Target cells 
B)  Spherocytes 
C)  Acanthocytes 
D)  Sickle cells 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Target cells 
B)  Spherocytes 
C)  Acanthocytes 
D)  Sickle cells 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Hemoglobin F (fetal hemoglobin) is defined biochemically as:

Accepted Answer

A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
E)  None of the above 
A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
E)  None of the above

Exam 3: The Red Blood Cell: Structure and Function

The RBCs generate their energy (ATP) almost exclusively through which metabolic pathway?

Which integral membrane protein contains approximately 60% carbohydrate and accounts for most of the membrane sialic acid that gives the RBC its negative charge?

The function of hemoglobin is to:

This abnormal hemoglobin can form as a result of chronic constipation and represents an irreversible change to the hemoglobin molecule which cannot carry oxygen and will persist until the RBCs carrying this abnormal hemoglobin are removed from the circulation.

RBC membrane proteins that are limited to the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane are called __________ proteins.

Adequate ATP levels are crucial to RBC survival and function by maintaining which of the following?

What percentage of normal RBC destruction occurs through the process of intravascular hemolysis?

A loss of RBC membrane deformity may be associated with which of the following?

A ringed sideroblast in the bone marrow is diagnostic for what defect?

RBCs contain which of the following genes?

Normal hemoglobin production is dependent on which of the following?

The RBC membrane is freely permeable to which of the following?

Which of the following are abnormal hemoglobins that cannot transport or deliver oxygen?

Free metheme of the oxidized disassembled hemoglobin molecule during excessive intravascular hemolysis is carried by what transport protein?

Which of the following can shift the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve to the right?

The dissociation and binding of oxygen by hemoglobin is not directly proportional to the pO2 of its environment but instead exhibits a sigmoid-curve relationship termed:

Which of the following is the protein carrier for the alpha-beta dimers of the dissociated hemoglobin molecule during intravascular hemolysis?

Which of the following represents embryonic hemoglobin?

A loss of RBC membrane results in the formation of which abnormal RBC morphology which represents a reduced surface-to-volume ratio?

Hemoglobin F (fetal hemoglobin) is defined biochemically as:

Morphology of Human Blood and Marrow Cells: Hematopoiesis

Bone Marrow

Anemia: Diagnosis and Clinical Considerations

Evaluation of Red Blood Cell Morphology and Introduction to Platelet and White Blood Cell Morphology

Iron Metabolism and Hypochromic Anemias

Megaloblastic Anemias

Aplastic Anemia Including Pure Red Cell Aplasia and Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Introduction to Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: I Hereditary Defects of the Red Cell Membrane

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: II Hereditary Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: III the Hemoglobinopathies

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: Iv Thalassemia

Hemolytic Anemias: Extracorpuscular Defects

Hypoproliferative Anemia: Anemia Associated With Systemic Diseases

Cell Biology, Disorders of Neutrophils, Infectious Mononucleosis, and Reactive Lymphocytosis

Introduction to Leukemia and the Acute Leukemias

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders I: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders Ii: Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Idiopathic Myelofibrosis

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Related Lymphoproliferative Disorders

The Lymphomas

Multiple Myeloma and Related Plasma Cell Disorders

Lipid Lysosomal Storage Diseases and Histiocytosis

Introduction to Hemostasis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis: Quantitative and Qualitative Platelet Disorders and Vascular Disorders

Disorders of Plasma Clotting Factors

Interaction of the Fibrinolytic, Coagulation, and Kinin Systems; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; and Related Pathology

Introduction to Thrombosis and Anticoagulant Therapy

Quality Control in the Hematology Laboratory

Body Fluid Examination: the Qualitative, Quantitative, and Morphologic Analysis of Serous, Cerebrospinal, and Synovial Fluids

Hematology Methods

Principles of Automated Differential Analysis

Coagulation Procedures

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Hematology and Hemostasis

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques in Hematopathology

Special Stainscytochemistry

Filters

The dissociation and binding of oxygen by hemoglobin is not directly proportional to the pO₂ of its environment but instead exhibits a sigmoid-curve relationship termed: