Question 1

The staining pattern in the PAS reaction may be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Granular 
B)  Diffuse 
C)  Block 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Granular 
B)  Diffuse 
C)  Block 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above D

Question 2

The purpose of the positive nonspecific esterase reaction which can be inhibited by the addition of sodium fluoride is to aid in differentiation of French-American-British (FAB) subclasses__________ and _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  M1, M2 
B)  M1, M3 
C)  M1, M6 
D)  M4, M5 
E)  L1, L3 
A)  M1, M2 
B)  M1, M3 
C)  M1, M6 
D)  M4, M5 
E)  L1, L3 D

Question 3

The purpose of the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) procedure is to distinguish the cells of a leukemoid reaction from those of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) 
B)  Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) 
C)  Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 
D)  Polycythemia vera 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) 
B)  Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) 
C)  Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 
D)  Polycythemia vera 
E)  None of the above B

Question 4

Which specimen requirements apply to the TdT test?

Accepted Answer

A)  A nonheparinized bone marrow aspirate 
B)  Separated marrow cells washed with culture media 
C)  Slides must be stored at 4°C in the dark 
D)  None of the above 
E)  All of the above 
A)  A nonheparinized bone marrow aspirate 
B)  Separated marrow cells washed with culture media 
C)  Slides must be stored at 4°C in the dark 
D)  None of the above 
E)  All of the above

Question 5

What is the specimen of choice for the peroxidase staining procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  EDTA-anticoagulated blood 
B)  Fresh capillary blood 
C)  Oxalated blood 
D)  Sodium citrate anticoagulated blood 
E)  None of the above 
A)  EDTA-anticoagulated blood 
B)  Fresh capillary blood 
C)  Oxalated blood 
D)  Sodium citrate anticoagulated blood 
E)  None of the above

Question 6

The __________ stain incorporates the substrate alpha-naphthol butyrate coupled with the diazo salt for staining of macrophages.

Accepted Answer

A)  Peroxidase 
B)  Specific esterase 
C)  Nonspecific esterase 
D)  Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Peroxidase 
B)  Specific esterase 
C)  Nonspecific esterase 
D)  Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Isoenzyme 5, the acid phosphatase fraction found in hairy cell leukemia, is __________ to the addition of tartaric acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensitive 
B)  Resistant 
C)  Variable 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Sensitive 
B)  Resistant 
C)  Variable 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

What is the principle of the peroxidase staining procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the presence of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
B)  In the presence of KOH, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
C)  In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
D)  In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a blue-green color. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  In the presence of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
B)  In the presence of KOH, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
C)  In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a red-brown color. 
D)  In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, the enzyme peroxidase oxidizes the substrate to a blue-green color. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 9

The enzyme peroxidase is present in the __________ granules of myeloid cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Tertiary 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Tertiary 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

The peroxidase reaction is positive for __________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma 
B)  Lymphoid 
C)  Myeloid 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Plasma 
B)  Lymphoid 
C)  Myeloid 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 11

__________ percent of patients with acute undifferentiated leukemia will have positive TdT activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  30 
C)  20 
D)  5 
E)  None of the above 
A)  50 
B)  30 
C)  20 
D)  5 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

What is the principle of the LAP (leukocyte alkaline phosphatase) stain?

Accepted Answer

A)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the substrate naphthol AS-BI phosphate, which couples with the dye (fast red violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
B)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the mitochondria, which couples with the dye (fast violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
C)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the nuclear chromatin, which couples with the dye (fast violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the substrate naphthol AS-BI phosphate, which couples with the dye (fast red violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
B)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the mitochondria, which couples with the dye (fast violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
C)  The LAP within the cell hydrolyzes the nuclear chromatin, which couples with the dye (fast violet LB salt) and precipitates out. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

What is the principle of the specific esterase (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate) stain?

Accepted Answer

A)  The esterase enzyme within the cell hydrolyzes the substrate, which couples with the diazo salt. 
B)  The esterase enzyme within the cell hydrolyzes the diazo salt, which couples with the substrate. 
C)  The nucleotidyl transferase within the cell hydrolyzes the diazo salt, which couples with the substrate. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  The esterase enzyme within the cell hydrolyzes the substrate, which couples with the diazo salt. 
B)  The esterase enzyme within the cell hydrolyzes the diazo salt, which couples with the substrate. 
C)  The nucleotidyl transferase within the cell hydrolyzes the diazo salt, which couples with the substrate. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 14

Sudan black B stains which constituent of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lysosomes 
B)  Glycoproteins 
C)  Phospholipids 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Lysosomes 
B)  Glycoproteins 
C)  Phospholipids 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

Esterase is inhibited by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mercury 
B)  Acid solutions 
C)  Heat 
D)  Iodine 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Mercury 
B)  Acid solutions 
C)  Heat 
D)  Iodine 
E)  All of the above

Question 16

What is the specimen of choice for the Sudan black B staining procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fresh capillary blood 
B)  Oxalated blood 
C)  EDTA-anticoagulated blood 
D)  Sodium citrate anticoagulated blood 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Fresh capillary blood 
B)  Oxalated blood 
C)  EDTA-anticoagulated blood 
D)  Sodium citrate anticoagulated blood 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

Which constitutes a positive result with the acid phosphatase/tartrate resistant stain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two or more cells are found with a 4+ activity showing a bluish-black precipitate. 
B)  Two or more cells are found with a 4+ activity showing an orange-red precipitate. 
C)  >5 cells are found with a 4+ activity showing an orange-red precipitate. 
D)  >5 cells are found with a 4+ activity showing a bluish-black precipitate. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Two or more cells are found with a 4+ activity showing a bluish-black precipitate. 
B)  Two or more cells are found with a 4+ activity showing an orange-red precipitate. 
C)  >5 cells are found with a 4+ activity showing an orange-red precipitate. 
D)  >5 cells are found with a 4+ activity showing a bluish-black precipitate. 
E)  None of the above

Question 18

LAP activity is not decreased in:

Accepted Answer

A)  CML 
B)  Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) 
C)  Leukemoid reaction 
D)  Hereditary hypophosphatasia 
E)  None of the above 
A)  CML 
B)  Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) 
C)  Leukemoid reaction 
D)  Hereditary hypophosphatasia 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Red blood cells that stain peroxidase positive are an indication that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Smears were made too thin. 
B)  The incubation period was too short. 
C)  The incubation period was too long. 
D)  Smears were made too thick. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Smears were made too thin. 
B)  The incubation period was too short. 
C)  The incubation period was too long. 
D)  Smears were made too thick. 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Only segmented neutrophils and __________ are scored in LAP staining.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monocytes 
B)  Band neutrophils 
C)  Eosinophils 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Monocytes 
B)  Band neutrophils 
C)  Eosinophils 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Exam 36: Special Stainscytochemistry

The staining pattern in the PAS reaction may be __________.

The purpose of the positive nonspecific esterase reaction which can be inhibited by the addition of sodium fluoride is to aid in differentiation of French-American-British (FAB) subclasses__________ and _____________.

The purpose of the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) procedure is to distinguish the cells of a leukemoid reaction from those of __________.

Which specimen requirements apply to the TdT test?

What is the specimen of choice for the peroxidase staining procedure?

The __________ stain incorporates the substrate alpha-naphthol butyrate coupled with the diazo salt for staining of macrophages.

Isoenzyme 5, the acid phosphatase fraction found in hairy cell leukemia, is __________ to the addition of tartaric acid.

What is the principle of the peroxidase staining procedure?

The enzyme peroxidase is present in the __________ granules of myeloid cells.

The peroxidase reaction is positive for __________ cells.

__________ percent of patients with acute undifferentiated leukemia will have positive TdT activity.

What is the principle of the LAP (leukocyte alkaline phosphatase) stain?

What is the principle of the specific esterase (naphthol AS-D chloroacetate) stain?

Sudan black B stains which constituent of cells?

Esterase is inhibited by __________.

What is the specimen of choice for the Sudan black B staining procedure?

Which constitutes a positive result with the acid phosphatase/tartrate resistant stain?

LAP activity is not decreased in:

Red blood cells that stain peroxidase positive are an indication that:

Only segmented neutrophils and __________ are scored in LAP staining.

Morphology of Human Blood and Marrow Cells: Hematopoiesis

Bone Marrow

The Red Blood Cell: Structure and Function

Anemia: Diagnosis and Clinical Considerations

Evaluation of Red Blood Cell Morphology and Introduction to Platelet and White Blood Cell Morphology

Iron Metabolism and Hypochromic Anemias

Megaloblastic Anemias

Aplastic Anemia Including Pure Red Cell Aplasia and Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Introduction to Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: I Hereditary Defects of the Red Cell Membrane

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: II Hereditary Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: III the Hemoglobinopathies

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: Iv Thalassemia

Hemolytic Anemias: Extracorpuscular Defects

Hypoproliferative Anemia: Anemia Associated With Systemic Diseases

Cell Biology, Disorders of Neutrophils, Infectious Mononucleosis, and Reactive Lymphocytosis

Introduction to Leukemia and the Acute Leukemias

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders I: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders Ii: Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Idiopathic Myelofibrosis

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Related Lymphoproliferative Disorders

The Lymphomas

Multiple Myeloma and Related Plasma Cell Disorders

Lipid Lysosomal Storage Diseases and Histiocytosis

Introduction to Hemostasis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis: Quantitative and Qualitative Platelet Disorders and Vascular Disorders

Disorders of Plasma Clotting Factors

Interaction of the Fibrinolytic, Coagulation, and Kinin Systems; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; and Related Pathology

Introduction to Thrombosis and Anticoagulant Therapy

Quality Control in the Hematology Laboratory

Body Fluid Examination: the Qualitative, Quantitative, and Morphologic Analysis of Serous, Cerebrospinal, and Synovial Fluids

Hematology Methods

Principles of Automated Differential Analysis

Coagulation Procedures

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Hematology and Hemostasis

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques in Hematopathology

Filters

The purpose of the positive nonspecific esterase reaction which can be inhibited by the addition of sodium fluoride is to aid in differentiation of French-American-British (FAB) subclasses and ___.