Question 1

Which of the following remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serious bacterial infections 
B)  Renal papillary necrosis 
C)  Bone marrow aplasia 
D)  Infarctions 
E)  Cardiomegaly 
A)  Serious bacterial infections 
B)  Renal papillary necrosis 
C)  Bone marrow aplasia 
D)  Infarctions 
E)  Cardiomegaly

Question 2

Which of the following may be found on the hemoglobin electrophoretic pattern for sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  No HbA (0%) 
B)  80-100% HbS 
C)  1-20% HbF 
D)  2-4% HbA2 
E)  All of the above 
A)  No HbA (0%) 
B)  80-100% HbS 
C)  1-20% HbF 
D)  2-4% HbA2 
E)  All of the above

Question 3

The most significant cause of death during early childhood is the severe overwhelming septicemia and meningitis due to what organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rubeola 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Cytomegalovirus 
D)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus 
A)  Rubeola 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Cytomegalovirus 
D)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
E)  Staphylococcus aureus

Question 4

Which of the following describes dactylitis, which commonly occurs in infants and young children with sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microinfarction of small bones 
B)  Unequal bone growth 
C)  Painful swelling of the hands and feet 
D)  Any of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Microinfarction of small bones 
B)  Unequal bone growth 
C)  Painful swelling of the hands and feet 
D)  Any of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

Hemoglobin C disease is found almost exclusively in which population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Caucasian 
B)  Black 
C)  Asian 
D)  Oriental 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Caucasian 
B)  Black 
C)  Asian 
D)  Oriental 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following represent(s) inherited high-affinity hemoglobins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hb Chesapeake 
B)  Hb Rainier 
C)  Hb Bethesda 
D)  Hb Hiroshima 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Hb Chesapeake 
B)  Hb Rainier 
C)  Hb Bethesda 
D)  Hb Hiroshima 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following amino acid substitution occurs in hemoglobin S?

Accepted Answer

A)  Valine for glutamic acid 
B)  Glutamic acid for valine 
C)  Lysine for glutamic acid 
D)  Glutamic acid for lysine 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Valine for glutamic acid 
B)  Glutamic acid for valine 
C)  Lysine for glutamic acid 
D)  Glutamic acid for lysine 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is characteristic of hemoglobin D disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most common variant in American blacks is HbD Punjab (HbD Los Angeles) 
B)  Less than 0.02% frequency in American blacks 
C)  Both homozygous and heterozygous states are asymptomatic 
D)  Peripheral blood smear is unremarkable, except for a few target cells 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Most common variant in American blacks is HbD Punjab (HbD Los Angeles) 
B)  Less than 0.02% frequency in American blacks 
C)  Both homozygous and heterozygous states are asymptomatic 
D)  Peripheral blood smear is unremarkable, except for a few target cells 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following represents embryonic hemoglobins formed only in the embryonic stages of human development?

Accepted Answer

A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
B)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
C)  (F1F1F1S1F1F1F102F1F1F1S1F1F1F102) 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following represents globin chains that may combine with alpha chains to form a particular hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
B)  Gamma (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
C)  Delta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
D)  Epsilon (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
E)  All of the following 
A)  Beta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
B)  Gamma (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
C)  Delta (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
D)  Epsilon (F1F1F1S1F1F1F10) 
E)  All of the following

Question 11

Which of the following can precipitate or promote sickling of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease in oxygenation 
B)  Decrease in pH 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Decrease in oxygenation 
B)  Decrease in pH 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

What hemoglobin(s) is/are present in sickle cell trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  HbA2 
B)  HbS 
C)  HbA 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C 
A)  HbA2 
B)  HbS 
C)  HbA 
D)  A and B 
E)  B and C

Question 13

Which of the following is characteristic of the hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH for hemoglobin SC disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% HbS 
B)  50% HbC 
C)  <2% HbF 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  50% HbS 
B)  50% HbC 
C)  <2% HbF 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 14

Which of the following cannot be used as a screening test for hemoglobin S in newborns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tube solubility tests 
B)  Sodium metabisulfite sickle prep 
C)  Hemoglobin electrophoresis 
D)  A and C 
E)  A and B 
A)  Tube solubility tests 
B)  Sodium metabisulfite sickle prep 
C)  Hemoglobin electrophoresis 
D)  A and C 
E)  A and B

Question 15

Which abnormal hemoglobin migrates in the same position as HbA2 on hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  HbF 
B)  HbC 
C)  HbS 
D)  HbG 
E)  HbD 
A)  HbF 
B)  HbC 
C)  HbS 
D)  HbG 
E)  HbD

Question 16

Which of the following is not characteristic of hemoglobin D disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Migrates electrophoretically in same position as hemoglobin S 
B)  Less than 0.02% frequency in American blacks 
C)  Both homozygous and heterozygous states are asymptomatic 
D)  Peripheral blood smear is unremarkable, except for a few target cells 
E)  Positive tube solubility test 
A)  Migrates electrophoretically in same position as hemoglobin S 
B)  Less than 0.02% frequency in American blacks 
C)  Both homozygous and heterozygous states are asymptomatic 
D)  Peripheral blood smear is unremarkable, except for a few target cells 
E)  Positive tube solubility test

Question 17

Which of the following is characteristic of the peripheral blood smear in hemoglobin SC disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Target cells 
B)  Folded red cells 
C)  Occasional glove-shaped intracellular 
D)  Normocytic normochromic anemia 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Target cells 
B)  Folded red cells 
C)  Occasional glove-shaped intracellular 
D)  Normocytic normochromic anemia 
E)  All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following may be found on the hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  95% HbC plus HbA2 
B)  No HbA (0%) 
C)  Less than 7% HbF 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  95% HbC plus HbA2 
B)  No HbA (0%) 
C)  Less than 7% HbF 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following hematological results will suggest an individual with sickle cell trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral blood smear is normal with the exception of target cells 
B)  Solubility screening tests are positive 
C)  Hemoglobin electrophoresis demonstrates hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, and usually slightly elevated hemoglobin A2 
D)  Sickle cells present on the peripheral smear 
E)  A, B, and C 
A)  Peripheral blood smear is normal with the exception of target cells 
B)  Solubility screening tests are positive 
C)  Hemoglobin electrophoresis demonstrates hemoglobin A, hemoglobin S, and usually slightly elevated hemoglobin A2 
D)  Sickle cells present on the peripheral smear 
E)  A, B, and C

Question 20

Which of the following is characteristic of the vaso-occlusive or painful crisis in a patient with sickle cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Severe pain 
B)  Tissue damage and necrosis 
C)  Regional hypoxia and acidosis 
D)  Dehydration or exposure to extreme cold 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Severe pain 
B)  Tissue damage and necrosis 
C)  Regional hypoxia and acidosis 
D)  Dehydration or exposure to extreme cold 
E)  All of the above

Exam 11: Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: III the Hemoglobinopathies

Which of the following remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell anemia?

Which of the following may be found on the hemoglobin electrophoretic pattern for sickle cell anemia?

The most significant cause of death during early childhood is the severe overwhelming septicemia and meningitis due to what organism?

Which of the following describes dactylitis, which commonly occurs in infants and young children with sickle cell anemia?

Hemoglobin C disease is found almost exclusively in which population?

Which of the following represent(s) inherited high-affinity hemoglobins?

Which of the following amino acid substitution occurs in hemoglobin S?

Which of the following is characteristic of hemoglobin D disease?

Which of the following represents embryonic hemoglobins formed only in the embryonic stages of human development?

Which of the following represents globin chains that may combine with alpha chains to form a particular hemoglobin?

Which of the following can precipitate or promote sickling of red blood cells?

What hemoglobin(s) is/are present in sickle cell trait?

Which of the following is characteristic of the hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH for hemoglobin SC disease?

Which of the following cannot be used as a screening test for hemoglobin S in newborns?

Which abnormal hemoglobin migrates in the same position as HbA2 on hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH?

Which of the following is not characteristic of hemoglobin D disease?

Which of the following is characteristic of the peripheral blood smear in hemoglobin SC disease?

Which of the following may be found on the hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH?

Which of the following hematological results will suggest an individual with sickle cell trait?

Which of the following is characteristic of the vaso-occlusive or painful crisis in a patient with sickle cell anemia?

Morphology of Human Blood and Marrow Cells: Hematopoiesis

Bone Marrow

The Red Blood Cell: Structure and Function

Anemia: Diagnosis and Clinical Considerations

Evaluation of Red Blood Cell Morphology and Introduction to Platelet and White Blood Cell Morphology

Iron Metabolism and Hypochromic Anemias

Megaloblastic Anemias

Aplastic Anemia Including Pure Red Cell Aplasia and Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Introduction to Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: I Hereditary Defects of the Red Cell Membrane

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: II Hereditary Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemias: Intracorpuscular Defects: Iv Thalassemia

Hemolytic Anemias: Extracorpuscular Defects

Hypoproliferative Anemia: Anemia Associated With Systemic Diseases

Cell Biology, Disorders of Neutrophils, Infectious Mononucleosis, and Reactive Lymphocytosis

Introduction to Leukemia and the Acute Leukemias

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders I: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders Ii: Polycythemia Vera, Essential Thrombocythemia, and Idiopathic Myelofibrosis

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Related Lymphoproliferative Disorders

The Lymphomas

Multiple Myeloma and Related Plasma Cell Disorders

Lipid Lysosomal Storage Diseases and Histiocytosis

Introduction to Hemostasis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis: Quantitative and Qualitative Platelet Disorders and Vascular Disorders

Disorders of Plasma Clotting Factors

Interaction of the Fibrinolytic, Coagulation, and Kinin Systems; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; and Related Pathology

Introduction to Thrombosis and Anticoagulant Therapy

Quality Control in the Hematology Laboratory

Body Fluid Examination: the Qualitative, Quantitative, and Morphologic Analysis of Serous, Cerebrospinal, and Synovial Fluids

Hematology Methods

Principles of Automated Differential Analysis

Coagulation Procedures

Applications of Flow Cytometry to Hematology and Hemostasis

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques in Hematopathology

Special Stainscytochemistry

Filters

Which abnormal hemoglobin migrates in the same position as HbA₂ on hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH?