Question 1

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is above normal values?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Leukopenia 
C)  Anemia 
D)  Polycythemia 
A)  Leukocytosis 
B)  Leukopenia 
C)  Anemia 
D)  Polycythemia

Question 2

Your patient has an elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST). What two organs are most likely diseased?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart and brain 
B)  Liver and kidney 
C)  Brain and kidney 
D)  Heart and liver 
A)  Heart and brain 
B)  Liver and kidney 
C)  Brain and kidney 
D)  Heart and liver

Question 3

What should be done in response to a sputum sample that has many epithelial cells in it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeat Gram stain. 
B)  Sputum culture. 
C)  Sputum sensitivity. 
D)  Obtain new sputum sample. 
A)  Repeat Gram stain. 
B)  Sputum culture. 
C)  Sputum sensitivity. 
D)  Obtain new sputum sample.

Question 4

Which of the following tests is used to evaluate renal function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creatinine 
B)  Protein level 
C)  Serum enzymes 
D)  Sweat chloride 
A)  Creatinine 
B)  Protein level 
C)  Serum enzymes 
D)  Sweat chloride

Question 5

What term is used to describe a result significantly outside the reference range that may represent a pathophysiologic condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reference range 
B)  Biological reference intervals 
C)  Expected value 
D)  Critical test value 
A)  Reference range 
B)  Biological reference intervals 
C)  Expected value 
D)  Critical test value

Question 6

The mean cell hemoglobin concentration of your patient is reduced. What type of anemia is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microcytic 
B)  Macrocytic 
C)  Hypochromic 
D)  Hypotrophic 
A)  Microcytic 
B)  Macrocytic 
C)  Hypochromic 
D)  Hypotrophic

Question 7

Which of the following are causes of leukopenia?
1) Chemotherapy
2) Bone marrow disease
3) Radiation therapy
4) Antibiotics

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 4 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 4 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2 and 3 only 
D) 1, 2, and 4 only

Question 8

What test is useful for evaluating the blood-clotting ability of your patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cell count 
B)  Platelet count 
C)  Neutrophil count 
D)  Hematocrit 
A)  Red blood cell count 
B)  Platelet count 
C)  Neutrophil count 
D)  Hematocrit

Question 9

What is the name used for mature neutrophils?

Accepted Answer

A)  Segs 
B)  Bands 
C)  Polys 
D)  Neutros 
A)  Segs 
B)  Bands 
C)  Polys 
D)  Neutros

Question 10

What term is used to describe a potassium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Hyponatremia 
C)  Hypocalcemia 
D)  Hypochloremia 
A)  Hypokalemia 
B)  Hyponatremia 
C)  Hypocalcemia 
D)  Hypochloremia

Question 11

In which of the following clinical settings would hypokalemia be a significant problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  During weaning from mechanical ventilation 
B)  In a patient with pleural effusion 
C)  In a patient with kyphoscoliosis 
D)  During a bronchial challenge test 
A)  During weaning from mechanical ventilation 
B)  In a patient with pleural effusion 
C)  In a patient with kyphoscoliosis 
D)  During a bronchial challenge test

Question 12

What is the upper limit of normal for the fasting blood glucose level?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 mg/dl 
B)  85 mg/dl 
C)  120 mg/dl 
D)  140 mg/dl 
A)  50 mg/dl 
B)  85 mg/dl 
C)  120 mg/dl 
D)  140 mg/dl

Question 13

A patient is brought into the ER with chest pain. The physician is having difficulty confirming the patient's diagnosis through an ECG. Blood results show an elevated level of CPK-2. What can the physician suspect after reviewing the blood work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary embolism 
B)  Gastroesophageal reflux 
C)  Myocardial infarction 
D)  Valvular stenosis 
A)  Pulmonary embolism 
B)  Gastroesophageal reflux 
C)  Myocardial infarction 
D)  Valvular stenosis

Question 14

A patient receiving heparin has a prothrombin time (PT) of 19 sec and an International Standardized Ratio (INR) of approximately 5.0, what does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  High likelihood of excessive bleeding. 
B)  Patient's results are normal. 
C)  High likelihood of increased clotting. 
D)  Possible embolism. 
A)  High likelihood of excessive bleeding. 
B)  Patient's results are normal. 
C)  High likelihood of increased clotting. 
D)  Possible embolism.

Question 15

Which of the following values represents a normal serum lactate level?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.7 to 2.1 mEq/L 
B)  1.2 to 2.3 mEq/L 
C)  1.7 to 2.1 mEq/L 
D)  3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L 
A)  0.7 to 2.1 mEq/L 
B)  1.2 to 2.3 mEq/L 
C)  1.7 to 2.1 mEq/L 
D)  3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L

Question 16

What is the normal anion gap?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 10 mEq/L 
B)  8 to 14 mEq/L 
C)  25 to 32 mEq/L 
D)  35 to 45 mEq/L 
A)  5 to 10 mEq/L 
B)  8 to 14 mEq/L 
C)  25 to 32 mEq/L 
D)  35 to 45 mEq/L

Question 17

Which of the following Gram stain results suggests the most legitimate sputum sample in a patient with pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many epithelial cells and many pus cells 
B)  Few pus cells and many epithelial cells 
C)  Few pus cells and few epithelial cells 
D)  Few epithelial cells and many pus cells 
A)  Many epithelial cells and many pus cells 
B)  Few pus cells and many epithelial cells 
C)  Few pus cells and few epithelial cells 
D)  Few epithelial cells and many pus cells

Question 18

Which of the following are formed elements in the blood?
1) Leukocytes
2) Erythrocytes
3) Thrombocytes
4) Electrolytes

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, and 4 only 
A) 1 and 2 only 
B) 1, 2, and 3 only 
C) 2, 3, and 4 only 
D) 1, 2, and 4 only

Exam 17: Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is above normal values?

Your patient has an elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST). What two organs are most likely diseased?

What should be done in response to a sputum sample that has many epithelial cells in it?

Which of the following tests is used to evaluate renal function?

What term is used to describe a result significantly outside the reference range that may represent a pathophysiologic condition?

The mean cell hemoglobin concentration of your patient is reduced. What type of anemia is this?

Which of the following are causes of leukopenia? 1) Chemotherapy 2) Bone marrow disease 3) Radiation therapy 4) Antibiotics

What test is useful for evaluating the blood-clotting ability of your patient?

What is the name used for mature neutrophils?

What term is used to describe a potassium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

In which of the following clinical settings would hypokalemia be a significant problem?

What is the upper limit of normal for the fasting blood glucose level?

A patient is brought into the ER with chest pain. The physician is having difficulty confirming the patient's diagnosis through an ECG. Blood results show an elevated level of CPK-2. What can the physician suspect after reviewing the blood work?

A patient receiving heparin has a prothrombin time (PT) of 19 sec and an International Standardized Ratio (INR) of approximately 5.0, what does this indicate?

Which of the following values represents a normal serum lactate level?

What is the normal anion gap?

Which of the following Gram stain results suggests the most legitimate sputum sample in a patient with pneumonia?

Which of the following are formed elements in the blood? 1) Leukocytes 2) Erythrocytes 3) Thrombocytes 4) Electrolytes

History of Respiratory Care

Delivering Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Quality, Patient Safety, and Communication, and Recordkeeping

Principles of Infection Prevention and Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

E-Medicine in Respiratory Care

Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Research

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

Pulmonary Function Testing

Review of Thoracic Imaging

Flexible Bronchoscopy and the Respiratory Therapist

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Trauma, Burns and Near Drowning

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Airway Clearance Therapy Act

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Patient Ventilator Interaction

Initiating and Adjusting Invasive Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Ventilation

Extracorporeal Life Support Ecls

Monitoring the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

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