Question 1

Which of the following is a component of plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrocytes 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  dissolved gases 
D)  leukocytes 
E)  histamine 
A)  erythrocytes 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  dissolved gases 
D)  leukocytes 
E)  histamine

Question 2

The pacemaker is located in the atrioventricular node.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

During ventricular systole (contraction):

Accepted Answer

A)  the ventricles relax. 
B)  blood flows from the ventricles into the atria. 
C)  the tricuspid and mitral valves are open. 
D)  blood flows from the ventricles to the pulmonary artery and aorta. 
E)  the atria contract. 
A)  the ventricles relax. 
B)  blood flows from the ventricles into the atria. 
C)  the tricuspid and mitral valves are open. 
D)  blood flows from the ventricles to the pulmonary artery and aorta. 
E)  the atria contract.

Question 4

The hepatic portal system is a special blood circuit between the ____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  liver; spleen 
B)  kidney; liver 
C)  liver; intestine 
D)  kidney; heart 
E)  spleen; heart 
A)  liver; spleen 
B)  kidney; liver 
C)  liver; intestine 
D)  kidney; heart 
E)  spleen; heart

Question 5

One advantage of a four-chambered heart is that it ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood 
B)  prevents deoxygenated blood from entering the heart 
C)  allows for better flow of blood to the tissues 
D)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and allows tissues to be bypassed 
E)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and allows better flow of blood to the tissues 
A)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood 
B)  prevents deoxygenated blood from entering the heart 
C)  allows for better flow of blood to the tissues 
D)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and allows tissues to be bypassed 
E)  prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood and allows better flow of blood to the tissues

Question 6

By definition, an animal having a(n) closed circulatory system will also have a hemocoel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Blood is routed through the capillary beds through the action of ____ at the metarterioles.

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelium 
B)  precapillary sphincters 
C)  cartilage 
D)  fibrous connective tissue 
E)  skeletal muscle 
A)  epithelium 
B)  precapillary sphincters 
C)  cartilage 
D)  fibrous connective tissue 
E)  skeletal muscle

Question 8

The amphibian heart consists of two atria and two ventricle(s).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Cardiac output is obtained by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In which animals would diffusion alone not be an effective transport mechanism for gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  nematodes 
B)  sponges 
C)  cnidarians 
D)  annelids 
E)  flatworms 
A)  nematodes 
B)  sponges 
C)  cnidarians 
D)  annelids 
E)  flatworms

Question 11

Interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries:

Accepted Answer

A)  by diffusion. 
B)  by pinocytosis. 
C)  through pores in the lymph vessel walls. 
D)  due to the hydrostatic pressure of blood. 
E)  through pressure-controlled openings between endothelial cells. 
A)  by diffusion. 
B)  by pinocytosis. 
C)  through pores in the lymph vessel walls. 
D)  due to the hydrostatic pressure of blood. 
E)  through pressure-controlled openings between endothelial cells.

Question 12

The inferior vena cava transports blood to the left atrium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: too few leads to anemia
too many leads to polycythemia
phagocytosis
release histamine
active in allergic responses
form macrophages and dendritic cells
easy bruising or excess bleeding
too many may indicate bacterial infection
oxygen and carbon dioxide transport
essential for clotting
too many may indicate leukemia or certain viral infection
excess numbers may indicate allergies or parasitic infestation
produce antibodies
may increase in leukemia or fungal infections

Accepted Answer

The Answer of red blood cells and neutrophils and lymphocytes is...

Question 14

Describe the process of atherosclerosis and discuss two possible complications for the affected individual.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to consider: LDLs enter the inn

Question 15

Figure 44-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which cell type or types are primarily responsible for the release of histamine in injured tissues and in allergic responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  D only 
E)  A and cell type D 
A)  A only 
B)  B only 
C)  C only 
D)  D only 
E)  A and cell type D

Question 16

Adding a fibrinogen inactivator to blood would prevent:

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of thrombin. 
B)  platelet formation. 
C)  the blood from clotting. 
D)  constriction of the blood vessels. 
E)  hemoglobin synthesis. 
A)  the formation of thrombin. 
B)  platelet formation. 
C)  the blood from clotting. 
D)  constriction of the blood vessels. 
E)  hemoglobin synthesis.

Question 17

Compare the structure and function of three of the following types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules and capillaries.

Accepted Answer

Arteries and arterioles are blood vessel

Question 18

When a blood vessel is cut, why does vasoconstriction take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  To expose collagen fibers to which platelets can adhere 
B)  To trigger the release of platelets from the surrounding tissues 
C)  To initiate the activation of thrombin 
D)  To entrap white blood cells 
E)  To reduce the flow of blood 
A)  To expose collagen fibers to which platelets can adhere 
B)  To trigger the release of platelets from the surrounding tissues 
C)  To initiate the activation of thrombin 
D)  To entrap white blood cells 
E)  To reduce the flow of blood

Question 19

Blood pressure depends on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the height and weight of an individual. 
B)  atrial volume and stroke rate. 
C)  blood flow and resistance of blood against the vessel walls. 
D)  total blood volume. 
E)  heart rate. 
A)  the height and weight of an individual. 
B)  atrial volume and stroke rate. 
C)  blood flow and resistance of blood against the vessel walls. 
D)  total blood volume. 
E)  heart rate.

Question 20

Figure 44-1   The type of system depicted in the accompanying figure:

Accepted Answer

A)  can be found in arthropods. 
B)  can be found in cephalopods. 
C)  can be found in annelids. 
D)  has hemoglobin as the oxygen transporting pigment. 
E)  can be found in arthropods and annelids. 
A)  can be found in arthropods. 
B)  can be found in cephalopods. 
C)  can be found in annelids. 
D)  has hemoglobin as the oxygen transporting pigment. 
E)  can be found in arthropods and annelids.

Exam 44: Internal Transport

Which of the following is a component of plasma?

The pacemaker is located in the atrioventricular node.

During ventricular systole (contraction):

The hepatic portal system is a special blood circuit between the ____ and ____.

One advantage of a four-chambered heart is that it ____.

By definition, an animal having a(n) closed circulatory system will also have a hemocoel.

Blood is routed through the capillary beds through the action of ____ at the metarterioles.

The amphibian heart consists of two atria and two ventricle(s).

Cardiac output is obtained by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate.

In which animals would diffusion alone not be an effective transport mechanism for gas exchange?

Interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic capillaries:

The inferior vena cava transports blood to the left atrium.

Describe the process of atherosclerosis and discuss two possible complications for the affected individual.

Figure 44-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which cell type or types are primarily responsible for the release of histamine in injured tissues and in allergic responses?

Adding a fibrinogen inactivator to blood would prevent:

Compare the structure and function of three of the following types of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, veins, venules and capillaries.

When a blood vessel is cut, why does vasoconstriction take place?

Blood pressure depends on:

Figure 44-1 The type of system depicted in the accompanying figure:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

The hepatic portal system is a special blood circuit between the and .