Question 1

The thick layers of cells covering and protecting the delicate apical meristem is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  root cap. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  adventitious root. 
E)  radicle. 
A)  root cap. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  adventitious root. 
E)  radicle.

Question 2

The difference between taproot and fibrous root systems is that a taproot system:

Accepted Answer

A)  consists of many roots of the same size, while a fibrous root system has one main root with lateral roots. 
B)  consists of one main root with lateral roots, while a fibrous root system has many roots of the same size. 
C)  is characteristic of most monocots, while a fibrous root system is usually found in eudicots. 
D)  can be modified for storage, while a fibrous root system cannot. 
E)  is considered adventitious, while a fibrous root system is not. 
A)  consists of many roots of the same size, while a fibrous root system has one main root with lateral roots. 
B)  consists of one main root with lateral roots, while a fibrous root system has many roots of the same size. 
C)  is characteristic of most monocots, while a fibrous root system is usually found in eudicots. 
D)  can be modified for storage, while a fibrous root system cannot. 
E)  is considered adventitious, while a fibrous root system is not.

Question 3

Explain how you would distinguish a monocot from a eudicot by looking at the anatomy of their roots.

Accepted Answer

A monocot root differs from a eudicot ro

Question 4

Water flowing inward through the endodermis moves next into the pericycle .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The tropical rainforest trees form shallow roots concentrated near the surface in a mat few centimeters thick. These swollen bases or braces are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  prop roots. 
B)  pneumatophores. 
C)  aerial roots. 
D)  buttress roots. 
E)  velamen roots. 
A)  prop roots. 
B)  pneumatophores. 
C)  aerial roots. 
D)  buttress roots. 
E)  velamen roots.

Question 6

Plants connected by mycorrhizal fungi:

Accepted Answer

A)  must be of the same species. 
B)  can only exchange carbon dioxide in one direction. 
C)  are an excellent example of a parasitic relationship. 
D)  compete for light. 
E)  exchange organic materials in both directions. 
A)  must be of the same species. 
B)  can only exchange carbon dioxide in one direction. 
C)  are an excellent example of a parasitic relationship. 
D)  compete for light. 
E)  exchange organic materials in both directions.

Question 7

What would be the consequence for the plant if it lacked Casparian strips?

Accepted Answer

Casparian strips in the endodermis block

Question 8

In woody plants, the root epidermis is replaced by periderm .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

One function of roots is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the absorption of dissolved sugars for use by the plant. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  the storage of food reserves. 
D)  sexual reproduction. 
E)  the production of micronutrients. 
A)  the absorption of dissolved sugars for use by the plant. 
B)  photosynthesis. 
C)  the storage of food reserves. 
D)  sexual reproduction. 
E)  the production of micronutrients.

Question 10

Plants that are adapted to growing in flooded soils that are depleted of oxygen have:

Accepted Answer

A)  aerial roots. 
B)  contractile roots. 
C)  pneumatophores. 
D)  prop roots. 
E)  buttress roots. 
A)  aerial roots. 
B)  contractile roots. 
C)  pneumatophores. 
D)  prop roots. 
E)  buttress roots.

Question 11

Figure 36-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. Absorption of positively charged mineral ions by the root is facilitated by the movement of:

Accepted Answer

A)  clay particles into the root hair. 
B)  water into the root hair. 
C)  protons into the root hair. 
D)  protons out of the root hair. 
E)  Mg+ out of the root hair. 
A)  clay particles into the root hair. 
B)  water into the root hair. 
C)  protons into the root hair. 
D)  protons out of the root hair. 
E)  Mg+ out of the root hair.

Question 12

The roots of certain epiphytes are photosynthetic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Root hair development is under the control of two genes that code for transcription factors .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A typical soil is composed mostly of humus .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements about a root cap is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  It protects the delicate root apical meristem 
B)  It secretes lubricating polysaccharides 
C)  It orients the root that it grows downward 
D)  It loses cells during root growth. 
E)  It absorbs nutrients. 
A)  It protects the delicate root apical meristem 
B)  It secretes lubricating polysaccharides 
C)  It orients the root that it grows downward 
D)  It loses cells during root growth. 
E)  It absorbs nutrients.

Question 16

Which of the following about soil with low pH is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aluminum is more soluble. 
B)  Calcium phosphate becomes less soluble. 
C)  Acidic soil can be found in Pygmy forest in California. 
D)  Potassium is leached more readily from the soil. 
E)  Manganese may be available in toxic concentrations. 
A)  Aluminum is more soluble. 
B)  Calcium phosphate becomes less soluble. 
C)  Acidic soil can be found in Pygmy forest in California. 
D)  Potassium is leached more readily from the soil. 
E)  Manganese may be available in toxic concentrations.

Question 17

The ____ is a single layer of parenchyma cells that give rise to muticellular lateral roots.

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermis 
B)  periderm 
C)  cortex 
D)  vascular cambium 
E)  pericycle 
A)  endodermis 
B)  periderm 
C)  cortex 
D)  vascular cambium 
E)  pericycle

Question 18

A(n) adventitious root is one that occurs in an unusual location.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Cation exchange between soil particles and root hairs is the process in which:

Accepted Answer

A)  protons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
B)  electrons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
C)  protons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
D)  electrons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
E)  water is exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
A)  protons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
B)  electrons are exchanged for positively charged mineral ions. 
C)  protons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
D)  electrons are exchanged for negatively charged mineral ions. 
E)  water is exchanged for positively charged mineral ions.

Question 20

Explain the process of soil formation by weathering.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Rocks are subject

Exam 36: Roots and Mineral Nutrition

The thick layers of cells covering and protecting the delicate apical meristem is called the:

The difference between taproot and fibrous root systems is that a taproot system:

Explain how you would distinguish a monocot from a eudicot by looking at the anatomy of their roots.

Water flowing inward through the endodermis moves next into the pericycle .

The tropical rainforest trees form shallow roots concentrated near the surface in a mat few centimeters thick. These swollen bases or braces are called:

Plants connected by mycorrhizal fungi:

What would be the consequence for the plant if it lacked Casparian strips?

In woody plants, the root epidermis is replaced by periderm .

One function of roots is:

Plants that are adapted to growing in flooded soils that are depleted of oxygen have:

Figure 36-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. Absorption of positively charged mineral ions by the root is facilitated by the movement of:

The roots of certain epiphytes are photosynthetic.

Root hair development is under the control of two genes that code for transcription factors .

A typical soil is composed mostly of humus .

Which of the following statements about a root cap is false ?

Which of the following about soil with low pH is false ?

The ____ is a single layer of parenchyma cells that give rise to muticellular lateral roots.

A(n) adventitious root is one that occurs in an unusual location.

Cation exchange between soil particles and root hairs is the process in which:

Explain the process of soil formation by weathering.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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