Question 1

A(n) chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms in a molecule and their arrangement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the difference between an electrically neutral atom and an ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  An ion has an unequal number of protons and electrons, while an atom has an equal number. 
B)  An ion has an equal number of protons and electrons, while an atom has an unequal number. 
C)  An atom has an unequal number of neutrons and protons, while an ion has an equal number. 
D)  An atom has its electrons in orbitals, while an ion has its electrons in its nucleus. 
E)  An atom must have an equal number of neutrons and electrons, while an ion does not. 
A)  An ion has an unequal number of protons and electrons, while an atom has an equal number. 
B)  An ion has an equal number of protons and electrons, while an atom has an unequal number. 
C)  An atom has an unequal number of neutrons and protons, while an ion has an equal number. 
D)  An atom has its electrons in orbitals, while an ion has its electrons in its nucleus. 
E)  An atom must have an equal number of neutrons and electrons, while an ion does not.

Question 3

An atom X contains 14 protons, 13 electrons, and 12 neutrons, and atom Y contains 14 protons, 14 electrons, and 12 neutrons. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  Y is an ion but X is not. 
B)  X and Y are both ions. 
C)  X and Y both have filled valence shells. 
D)  X and Y are isotopes of the same element. 
E)  X and Y are atoms of the same element. 
A)  Y is an ion but X is not. 
B)  X and Y are both ions. 
C)  X and Y both have filled valence shells. 
D)  X and Y are isotopes of the same element. 
E)  X and Y are atoms of the same element.

Question 4

List the four elements that account for over 90% of the mass of living organisms and identify an important biological function of each element.

Accepted Answer

Some examples from Table 2-1: Oxygen is

Question 5

Which component becomes oxidized in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3

Accepted Answer

A)  rust 
B)  iron 
C)  water 
D)  oxygen 
E)  hydrogen 
A)  rust 
B)  iron 
C)  water 
D)  oxygen 
E)  hydrogen

Question 6

How many molecules are present in one mole of C6H12O6?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.7 × 10 − 10 molecules 
B)  1.3 × 1010 molecules 
C)  24 molecules 
D)  1.7 × 1022 molecules 
E)  6.02 × 1023 molecules 
A)  1.7 × 10 − 10 molecules 
B)  1.3 × 1010 molecules 
C)  24 molecules 
D)  1.7 × 1022 molecules 
E)  6.02 × 1023 molecules

Question 7

Why can table salt (NaCl) dissolve easily in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water can add electrons to the sodium ion. 
B)  Water can form covalent linkages with salt molecules. 
C)  Water can remove electrons from the chloride ion, which causes the latter to dissociate from the sodium and dissolve. 
D)  Water is polar and salt is nonpolar. Nonpolar compounds are more soluble in polar solvents because they are able to form strong covalent bonds that result in a breaking up of the molecule being dissolved. 
E)  The partial positive charge of the hydrogens in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom. 
A)  Water can add electrons to the sodium ion. 
B)  Water can form covalent linkages with salt molecules. 
C)  Water can remove electrons from the chloride ion, which causes the latter to dissociate from the sodium and dissolve. 
D)  Water is polar and salt is nonpolar. Nonpolar compounds are more soluble in polar solvents because they are able to form strong covalent bonds that result in a breaking up of the molecule being dissolved. 
E)  The partial positive charge of the hydrogens in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom.

Question 8

A liquid with a pH of 7 is considered a(n) ____ solution.

Accepted Answer

A)  basic 
B)  acidic 
C)  neutral 
D)  hydrophilic 
E)  hydrochloric 
A)  basic 
B)  acidic 
C)  neutral 
D)  hydrophilic 
E)  hydrochloric

Question 9

As water boils and turns to steam, what happens to the hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hydrogen bonds break. 
B)  The hydrogen bonds become stronger. 
C)  The hydrogen bonds generate additional bonds. 
D)  The hydrogen bonds form a crystalline lattice structure. 
E)  The hydrogen bonds continually break and join together again. 
A)  The hydrogen bonds break. 
B)  The hydrogen bonds become stronger. 
C)  The hydrogen bonds generate additional bonds. 
D)  The hydrogen bonds form a crystalline lattice structure. 
E)  The hydrogen bonds continually break and join together again.

Exam 2: Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

A(n) chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms in a molecule and their arrangement.

What is the difference between an electrically neutral atom and an ion?

An atom X contains 14 protons, 13 electrons, and 12 neutrons, and atom Y contains 14 protons, 14 electrons, and 12 neutrons. What can you conclude?

List the four elements that account for over 90% of the mass of living organisms and identify an important biological function of each element.

Which component becomes oxidized in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3

How many molecules are present in one mole of C6H12O6?

Why can table salt (NaCl) dissolve easily in water?

A liquid with a pH of 7 is considered a(n) ____ solution.

As water boils and turns to steam, what happens to the hydrogen bonds?

A View of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Which component becomes oxidized in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O₂ → 2 Fe₂O₃

How many molecules are present in one mole of C₆H₁₂O₆?