Question 1

When does an atom becomes a cation?

Accepted Answer

A)  It emits radiation. 
B)  It shares electrons. 
C)  It loses one or more electron. 
D)  It gains one or more electron. 
E)  One or more of its electrons changes energy levels. 
A)  It emits radiation. 
B)  It shares electrons. 
C)  It loses one or more electron. 
D)  It gains one or more electron. 
E)  One or more of its electrons changes energy levels.

Question 2

As a researcher, you are charged with determining the side effects of a new drug. From previous observations, you suspect that this drug reduces the rate of DNA production (replication) within skin cells of patients using the drug. With the following materials, design an experiment that would answer your questions about the effect of the drug on DNA production. You know that: DNA contains phosphate groups. You have: radioactive isotopes of phosphate (32P), skin cell cultures from various patients, the drug in question, and a device that measures radioactivity.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Construction of an

Question 3

The chemical behavior of an atom is determined most directly by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic number. 
B)  atomic weight. 
C)  number of neutrons. 
D)  number of energy levels. 
E)  number of valence electrons. 
A)  atomic number. 
B)  atomic weight. 
C)  number of neutrons. 
D)  number of energy levels. 
E)  number of valence electrons.

Question 4

Figure 2-1   What is the atomic mass of the atom identified as A in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 amu 
B)  6 amu 
C)  8 amu 
D)  12 amu 
E)  18 amu 
A)  2 amu 
B)  6 amu 
C)  8 amu 
D)  12 amu 
E)  18 amu

Question 5

Which statement about van der Waal interactions is false ?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are very strong. 
B)  They are attractive forces. 
C)  They operate over very short distances. 
D)  They form between nonpolar molecules. 
E)  They involve transient regions of positive and negative charges. 
A)  They are very strong. 
B)  They are attractive forces. 
C)  They operate over very short distances. 
D)  They form between nonpolar molecules. 
E)  They involve transient regions of positive and negative charges.

Question 6

Which component is the oxidizing agent in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3

Accepted Answer

A)  rust 
B)  iron 
C)  water 
D)  oxygen 
E)  hydrogen 
A)  rust 
B)  iron 
C)  water 
D)  oxygen 
E)  hydrogen

Question 7

In a water molecule, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the shared electrons are more commonly found around the ____ nucleus than the ____ nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen; hydrogen 
B)  hydrogen; oxygen 
C)  hydrogen; other hydrogen 
D)  oxygen; nitrogen 
E)  nitrogen; oxygen 
A)  oxygen; hydrogen 
B)  hydrogen; oxygen 
C)  hydrogen; other hydrogen 
D)  oxygen; nitrogen 
E)  nitrogen; oxygen

Question 8

An atom having a filled valence shell is stable and unreactive . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What differentiates an organic compound from an inorganic compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  An organic compound lacks isotopes. 
B)  An organic compound contains carbon. 
C)  An organic compound lacks valence electrons. 
D)  An organic compound is basic rather than acidic. 
E)  An organic compound contains two or more atoms. 
A)  An organic compound lacks isotopes. 
B)  An organic compound contains carbon. 
C)  An organic compound lacks valence electrons. 
D)  An organic compound is basic rather than acidic. 
E)  An organic compound contains two or more atoms.

Question 10

Which atom would most likely be involved in an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sodium 
D)  nitrogen 
E)  helium 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sodium 
D)  nitrogen 
E)  helium

Question 11

The tetrahedron shape of a methane molecule is the result of orbital hybridization . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A chlorine atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its atomic mass?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 amu 
B)  17 amu 
C)  18 amu 
D)  35 amu 
E)  306 amu 
A)  1 amu 
B)  17 amu 
C)  18 amu 
D)  35 amu 
E)  306 amu

Question 13

Which substance correctly identifies a reactant in the following chemical equation? CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  carbon 
C)  oxygen 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  carbonic acid 
A)  water 
B)  carbon 
C)  oxygen 
D)  hydrogen 
E)  carbonic acid

Question 14

Which description best illustrates the product of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is joined by an ionic bond only. 
B)  It is always in equilibrium with the reactants. 
C)  It is the substance that initiates the reaction. 
D)  It is generally written on the left side of the equation. 
E)  It is generally written on the right side and is the substance generated by the reaction. 
A)  It is joined by an ionic bond only. 
B)  It is always in equilibrium with the reactants. 
C)  It is the substance that initiates the reaction. 
D)  It is generally written on the left side of the equation. 
E)  It is generally written on the right side and is the substance generated by the reaction.

Question 15

The valence shell of hydrogen or helium is unstable when it contains two electrons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which of the following would most likely form electrolytes in water?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  ethanol 
C)  an organic compound 
D)  an inorganic compound 
E)  a nonionic compound 
A)  glucose 
B)  ethanol 
C)  an organic compound 
D)  an inorganic compound 
E)  a nonionic compound

Question 17

Specific heat refers to the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from the liquid phase to the vapor phase. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Oxidation occurs when an atom gains one or more electrons. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which substance is an example of a very strong acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  milk 
B)  coffee 
C)  bleach 
D)  seawater 
E)  lemon juice 
A)  milk 
B)  coffee 
C)  bleach 
D)  seawater 
E)  lemon juice

Question 20

A salt is a compound in which the hydrogen ion of ____ is replaced by some other cation.

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  a base 
C)  an acid 
D)  an anion 
E)  a hydroxide ion 
A)  water 
B)  a base 
C)  an acid 
D)  an anion 
E)  a hydroxide ion

Exam 2: Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

When does an atom becomes a cation?

The chemical behavior of an atom is determined most directly by the:

Figure 2-1 What is the atomic mass of the atom identified as A in the accompanying figure?

Which statement about van der Waal interactions is false ?

Which component is the oxidizing agent in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O2 → 2 Fe2O3

In a water molecule, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the shared electrons are more commonly found around the ____ nucleus than the ____ nucleus.

An atom having a filled valence shell is stable and unreactive . __________________

What differentiates an organic compound from an inorganic compound?

Which atom would most likely be involved in an ionic bond?

The tetrahedron shape of a methane molecule is the result of orbital hybridization . __________________

A chlorine atom has 17 protons and 18 neutrons. What is its atomic mass?

Which substance correctly identifies a reactant in the following chemical equation? CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3

Which description best illustrates the product of a chemical reaction?

The valence shell of hydrogen or helium is unstable when it contains two electrons.

Which of the following would most likely form electrolytes in water?

Specific heat refers to the amount of energy required to change 1 gram of a substance from the liquid phase to the vapor phase. __________________

Oxidation occurs when an atom gains one or more electrons. __________________

Which substance is an example of a very strong acid?

A salt is a compound in which the hydrogen ion of ____ is replaced by some other cation.

A View of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Which component is the oxidizing agent in the following chemical reaction? 4 Fe + 3 O₂ → 2 Fe₂O₃

In a water molecule, because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the shared electrons are more commonly found around the nucleus than the nucleus.

Which substance correctly identifies a reactant in the following chemical equation? CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃