Question 1

What does ss DNA stand for?

Accepted Answer

A)  s ingle s tranded DNA 
B)  s imple s atellite DNA 
C)  s ingle s ynthesis DNA 
D)  s imple s ynthase DNA 
E)  s ynthetic strand DNA 
A)  s ingle s tranded DNA 
B)  s imple s atellite DNA 
C)  s ingle s ynthesis DNA 
D)  s imple s ynthase DNA 
E)  s ynthetic strand DNA

Question 2

The specificity of viruses to different types of cells is due to ____ sites on the host cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  prophage 
B)  receptor 
C)  transduction 
D)  penetration 
E)  transcription 
A)  prophage 
B)  receptor 
C)  transduction 
D)  penetration 
E)  transcription

Question 3

List and describe the structures of viruses.

Accepted Answer

1. Nucleic acid core which is single-str

Question 4

What are the viruses that attack bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  phages 
B)  virons 
C)  prions 
D)  satellites 
E)  adenoviruses 
A)  phages 
B)  virons 
C)  prions 
D)  satellites 
E)  adenoviruses

Question 5

Which is a symptom of a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)?

Accepted Answer

A)  influenza-like symptoms 
B)  progressive immune deficiency 
C)  degeneration of the digestive tract 
D)  inflammation of the reproductive organs 
E)  degeneration of the brain and central nervous system 
A)  influenza-like symptoms 
B)  progressive immune deficiency 
C)  degeneration of the digestive tract 
D)  inflammation of the reproductive organs 
E)  degeneration of the brain and central nervous system

Question 6

Retroviruses have a(n) DNA polymerase called reverse transcriptase, which transcribes the RNA genome into a DNA intermediate. 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following diseases is a DNA virus?

Accepted Answer

A)  polio 
B)  rabies 
C)  measles 
D)  smallpox 
E)  influenza 
A)  polio 
B)  rabies 
C)  measles 
D)  smallpox 
E)  influenza

Question 8

Which of the following identifies a group of RNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poxviruses 
B)  Herpesviruses 
C)  Papovaviruses 
D)  Adenoviruses 
E)  Paramyxoviruses 
A)  Poxviruses 
B)  Herpesviruses 
C)  Papovaviruses 
D)  Adenoviruses 
E)  Paramyxoviruses

Question 9

How are viruses classified by the ICTV?

Accepted Answer

A)  By their DNA sequence 
B)  By their number of rRNA 
C)  By their structural components 
D)  By their host range and other characteristics 
E)  By the Linnaean binomial nomenclature system 
A)  By their DNA sequence 
B)  By their number of rRNA 
C)  By their structural components 
D)  By their host range and other characteristics 
E)  By the Linnaean binomial nomenclature system

Question 10

Figure 24-1d   Which structure of the virus in the accompanying figure is the capsid?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 11

The ____ classification system classifies viruses based on the type of nucleic acid the virus contains.

Accepted Answer

A)  Linnaean 
B)  Mendelian 
C)  Baltimore 
D)  Philadelphia 
E)  International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses 
A)  Linnaean 
B)  Mendelian 
C)  Baltimore 
D)  Philadelphia 
E)  International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses

Question 12

What is a prophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a bacterial cell about to lyse. 
B)  It is an underdeveloped lytic virus. 
C)  It is phage DNA that is integrated into viral DNA. 
D)  It is phage DNA that is integrated into bacterial DNA. 
E)  It is when the phage is attached to the cell surface of the bacterium. 
A)  It is a bacterial cell about to lyse. 
B)  It is an underdeveloped lytic virus. 
C)  It is phage DNA that is integrated into viral DNA. 
D)  It is phage DNA that is integrated into bacterial DNA. 
E)  It is when the phage is attached to the cell surface of the bacterium.

Question 13

The genomes of most plant viruses consist of single stranded DNA . ____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

According to the progressive hypothesis , viruses may have originated as mobile genetic elements such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA. 
B)  alleles. 
C)  plasmids. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  ribosomes. 
A)  mRNA. 
B)  alleles. 
C)  plasmids. 
D)  enzymes. 
E)  ribosomes.

Question 15

Viral proteins can damage host cells by which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  producing endotoxins 
B)  preventing transcription of viral nucleic acids 
C)  increasing the rate of fermentation within the host 
D)  causing a decline in coordination and increased irritability 
E)  overwhelming the host cell with a large number of viruses. 
A)  producing endotoxins 
B)  preventing transcription of viral nucleic acids 
C)  increasing the rate of fermentation within the host 
D)  causing a decline in coordination and increased irritability 
E)  overwhelming the host cell with a large number of viruses.

Question 16

Before an animal cell's membrane fuses with a virus, the virus must first:

Accepted Answer

A)  duplicate its DNA. 
B)  use enzymes of the plasma membrane to break down its capsid. 
C)  replicate itself to attack numerous sites of the plasma membrane. 
D)  extend its tail fibers to sense the plasma membrane of the host cell. 
E)  attach to a specific receptor on the plasma membrane of the host cell. 
A)  duplicate its DNA. 
B)  use enzymes of the plasma membrane to break down its capsid. 
C)  replicate itself to attack numerous sites of the plasma membrane. 
D)  extend its tail fibers to sense the plasma membrane of the host cell. 
E)  attach to a specific receptor on the plasma membrane of the host cell.

Question 17

Human viruses can enter human cells by fusion with the cell membrane or by:

Accepted Answer

A)  endocytosis. 
B)  diffusion into the cell. 
C)  passage through specific protein channels. 
D)  attaching onto protein signals entering the cell. 
E)  coating themselves with lipids that cloak their entrance into the cell. 
A)  endocytosis. 
B)  diffusion into the cell. 
C)  passage through specific protein channels. 
D)  attaching onto protein signals entering the cell. 
E)  coating themselves with lipids that cloak their entrance into the cell.

Question 18

Bacteria protect themselves from bacteriophage infections by producing restriction enzymes that cut up foreign RNA of the phage. 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Mad cow disease is an example of an infection caused by a:

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteriophage. 
B)  bacterium. 
C)  retrovirus. 
D)  viroid. 
E)  prion. 
A)  bacteriophage. 
B)  bacterium. 
C)  retrovirus. 
D)  viroid. 
E)  prion.

Question 20

What type of conversion occurs when a bacterium carrying viral genes takes on new, atypical characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  transducing 
B)  lysogenic 
C)  prophage 
D)  reverse 
E)  lytic 
A)  transducing 
B)  lysogenic 
C)  prophage 
D)  reverse 
E)  lytic

Exam 24: Viruses and Subviral Agents

What does ss DNA stand for?

The specificity of viruses to different types of cells is due to ____ sites on the host cell.

List and describe the structures of viruses.

What are the viruses that attack bacteria?

Which is a symptom of a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE)?

Retroviruses have a(n) DNA polymerase called reverse transcriptase, which transcribes the RNA genome into a DNA intermediate. ____________________

Which of the following diseases is a DNA virus?

Which of the following identifies a group of RNA viruses?

How are viruses classified by the ICTV?

Figure 24-1d Which structure of the virus in the accompanying figure is the capsid?

The ____ classification system classifies viruses based on the type of nucleic acid the virus contains.

What is a prophage?

The genomes of most plant viruses consist of single stranded DNA . ____________________

According to the progressive hypothesis , viruses may have originated as mobile genetic elements such as:

Viral proteins can damage host cells by which process?

Before an animal cell's membrane fuses with a virus, the virus must first:

Human viruses can enter human cells by fusion with the cell membrane or by:

Bacteria protect themselves from bacteriophage infections by producing restriction enzymes that cut up foreign RNA of the phage. ____________________

Mad cow disease is an example of an infection caused by a:

What type of conversion occurs when a bacterium carrying viral genes takes on new, atypical characteristics?

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters