Question 1

Which is the only process that can lead to adaptations and directed genetic change of a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  migration 
C)  inbreeding 
D)  genetic drift 
E)  natural selection 
A)  mutation 
B)  migration 
C)  inbreeding 
D)  genetic drift 
E)  natural selection

Question 2

For the relative proportions of alleles and genotypes in successive generations to stay the same, which condition must be met for the population?

Accepted Answer

A)  There can be no natural selection. 
B)  A population must not be very large. 
C)  There can only be mating between relatives. 
D)  A population can only have some migration. 
E)  A population can have only occasional matings. 
A)  There can be no natural selection. 
B)  A population must not be very large. 
C)  There can only be mating between relatives. 
D)  A population can only have some migration. 
E)  A population can have only occasional matings.

Question 3

Which best describes the effect of positive assortative mating in a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes natural selection. 
B)  It increases homozygosity. 
C)  It changes allele frequencies. 
D)  It stabilizes genotype frequencies. 
E)  It produces more mutations each generation. 
A)  It causes natural selection. 
B)  It increases homozygosity. 
C)  It changes allele frequencies. 
D)  It stabilizes genotype frequencies. 
E)  It produces more mutations each generation.

Question 4

Figure 19-2   Based on the data in the accompanying figure, the infant with the highest probability of survival would weigh:

Accepted Answer

A)  11 lbs. 
B)  9 lbs. 
C)  7 lbs. 
D)  5 lbs. 
E)  3 lbs. 
A)  11 lbs. 
B)  9 lbs. 
C)  7 lbs. 
D)  5 lbs. 
E)  3 lbs.

Question 5

Which region displays an example of the founder effect amongst its population?

Accepted Answer

A)  China 
B)  Iceland 
C)  Central Africa 
D)  the United States 
E)  the United Kingdom 
A)  China 
B)  Iceland 
C)  Central Africa 
D)  the United States 
E)  the United Kingdom

Question 6

Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle important, considering that genetic equilibrium seldom occurs in nature?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The Hardy-Weinberg

Question 7

In some populations, we can expect that inbred individuals will have ____ in the population than those not inbred.

Accepted Answer

A)  more random mating 
B)  lower levels of surviving offspring 
C)  more changes in allele frequencies 
D)  more heterozygosity 
E)  fewer opportunities to mate 
A)  more random mating 
B)  lower levels of surviving offspring 
C)  more changes in allele frequencies 
D)  more heterozygosity 
E)  fewer opportunities to mate

Question 8

Due to a rapid change in the environment, a population of ants was reduced from one million to one thousand. What type of genetic drift will occur in the gene pool of this population when it expands again?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow 
B)  migration 
C)  natural selection 
D)  the founder effect 
E)  a genetic bottleneck 
A)  gene flow 
B)  migration 
C)  natural selection 
D)  the founder effect 
E)  a genetic bottleneck

Question 9

Extensive data from hospitals have shown that infants born with intermediate weights are the ones most likely to survive. This is a classic example of which type of selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  directional selection 
B)  stabilizing selection 
C)  disruptive selection 
D)  natural selection 
E)  no selection 
A)  directional selection 
B)  stabilizing selection 
C)  disruptive selection 
D)  natural selection 
E)  no selection

Question 10

The migration of breeding individuals between populations causes a corresponding movement of alleles, which is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  gene flow. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  directional selection. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  gene flow. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  directional selection.

Question 11

In a certain population, the allele causing sickle cell anemia has an allele frequency of 0.2. If the population is in genetic equilibrium for this allele, what fraction of the population would be carriers for the allele (heterozygous individuals)?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.24 
B)  0.32 
C)  0.42 
D)  0.48 
E)  0.80 
A)  0.24 
B)  0.32 
C)  0.42 
D)  0.48 
E)  0.80

Question 12

In order to meet the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg predictions, a population must:

Accepted Answer

A)  be very large. 
B)  mutate very quickly. 
C)  have extensive mating rituals. 
D)  have a large number of immigrants. 
E)  have a high rate of natural selection. 
A)  be very large. 
B)  mutate very quickly. 
C)  have extensive mating rituals. 
D)  have a large number of immigrants. 
E)  have a high rate of natural selection.

Exam 19: Evolutionary Change in Populations

Which is the only process that can lead to adaptations and directed genetic change of a population?

For the relative proportions of alleles and genotypes in successive generations to stay the same, which condition must be met for the population?

Which best describes the effect of positive assortative mating in a population?

Figure 19-2 Based on the data in the accompanying figure, the infant with the highest probability of survival would weigh:

Which region displays an example of the founder effect amongst its population?

Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle important, considering that genetic equilibrium seldom occurs in nature?

In some populations, we can expect that inbred individuals will have ____ in the population than those not inbred.

Due to a rapid change in the environment, a population of ants was reduced from one million to one thousand. What type of genetic drift will occur in the gene pool of this population when it expands again?

Extensive data from hospitals have shown that infants born with intermediate weights are the ones most likely to survive. This is a classic example of which type of selection?

The migration of breeding individuals between populations causes a corresponding movement of alleles, which is referred to as:

In a certain population, the allele causing sickle cell anemia has an allele frequency of 0.2. If the population is in genetic equilibrium for this allele, what fraction of the population would be carriers for the allele (heterozygous individuals)?

In order to meet the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg predictions, a population must:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters