Question 1

Ribose differs from deoxyribose by having:

Accepted Answer

A)  two attached nitrogenous bases. 
B)  one less oxygen. 
C)  an extra hydroxyl group. 
D)  an extra carbon in the ring. 
E)  one less carbon in the ring. 
A)  two attached nitrogenous bases. 
B)  one less oxygen. 
C)  an extra hydroxyl group. 
D)  an extra carbon in the ring. 
E)  one less carbon in the ring.

Question 2

Uracil forms a complementary pair with ____ in RNA and ____ in DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine; adenine 
B)  adenine; thymine 
C)  thymine; thymine 
D)  thymine; adenine 
E)  uracil; uracil 
A)  adenine; adenine 
B)  adenine; thymine 
C)  thymine; thymine 
D)  thymine; adenine 
E)  uracil; uracil

Question 3

Linus Pauling proposed the one gene - one enzyme hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Why is only one strand of DNA transcribed into mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because mRNA is only required in small quantities 
B)  Because transcribing both DNA strands would produce different amino acid sequences 
C)  Because the other strand would produce the same amino acid sequence in reverse order 
D)  Because all genes are located on the same DNA strand, while the other strand acts as protection 
E)  Because the other strand is transcribed directly into amino acids 
A)  Because mRNA is only required in small quantities 
B)  Because transcribing both DNA strands would produce different amino acid sequences 
C)  Because the other strand would produce the same amino acid sequence in reverse order 
D)  Because all genes are located on the same DNA strand, while the other strand acts as protection 
E)  Because the other strand is transcribed directly into amino acids

Question 5

Retroviruses, such as RNA tumor viruses, use __________ to make DNA from their RNA genomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-dependent RNA polymerase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  primase 
E)  reverse transcriptase 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA-dependent RNA polymerase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  primase 
E)  reverse transcriptase

Question 6

Frameshift mutations result from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  substitution of one base pair for another. 
B)  substitution of more than one base pair. 
C)  insertion or deletion of one or two base pairs. 
D)  substitution of a stop codon for an amino acid-specifying codon. 
E)  substitution of a start codon for an amino acid codon. 
A)  substitution of one base pair for another. 
B)  substitution of more than one base pair. 
C)  insertion or deletion of one or two base pairs. 
D)  substitution of a stop codon for an amino acid-specifying codon. 
E)  substitution of a start codon for an amino acid codon.

Question 7

A(n) nonsense mutation is a base-pair substitution that results in the replacement of one amino acid with another. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Figure 13-1   The experimental design in the accompanying figure was used to examine:

Accepted Answer

A)  the relationship between genetic changes and metabolic enzymes. 
B)  the mutation rate of Neurospora. 
C)  resistance of Neurospora to genetic poisons. 
D)  toxicity of arginine metabolites. 
E)  growth of Neurospora in the presence of different antibiotics. 
A)  the relationship between genetic changes and metabolic enzymes. 
B)  the mutation rate of Neurospora. 
C)  resistance of Neurospora to genetic poisons. 
D)  toxicity of arginine metabolites. 
E)  growth of Neurospora in the presence of different antibiotics.

Question 9

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases link ____ to their respective tRNA molecules by ____ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids; ionic 
B)  amino acids; hydrogen 
C)  amino acids; covalent 
D)  codons; covalent 
E)  anticodons; hydrogen 
A)  amino acids; ionic 
B)  amino acids; hydrogen 
C)  amino acids; covalent 
D)  codons; covalent 
E)  anticodons; hydrogen

Question 10

What conclusions did Beadle and Tatum reach in their studies of Neurospora ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each mutant gene affected three enzymes. 
B)  Each mutant gene affected a pair of enzymes. 
C)  Each mutant gene affected only one enzyme. 
D)  Mutant genes had no effect on the enzymes produced by the cells. 
E)  Each mutant gene affected as many enzymes as were present in a particular metabolic pathway. 
A)  Each mutant gene affected three enzymes. 
B)  Each mutant gene affected a pair of enzymes. 
C)  Each mutant gene affected only one enzyme. 
D)  Mutant genes had no effect on the enzymes produced by the cells. 
E)  Each mutant gene affected as many enzymes as were present in a particular metabolic pathway.

Question 11

In the process of transcription, incoming RNA nucleotides are in their triphosphates form. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Peptidyl transferase, a _____ molecule, catalyzes the formation of _____ between amino acids at the P and A sites.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein; peptide bonds 
B)  protein; hydrogen bonds 
C)  ribozyme; peptide bonds 
D)  ribozyme; hydrogen bonds 
E)  protein; templates 
A)  protein; peptide bonds 
B)  protein; hydrogen bonds 
C)  ribozyme; peptide bonds 
D)  ribozyme; hydrogen bonds 
E)  protein; templates

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: intiator tRNA binds to the start codon

Accepted Answer

The Answer of termination and elongation and initiation is...

Question 14

The enzyme peptidyl transferase catalyzes peptide bond formation during the elongation stage of translation. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A ribosome has one binding site for mRNA and two binding sites for tRNAs. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Figure 13-3   The process illustrated in the accompanying figure is:

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA synthesis. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  a frame shift mutation. 
E)  protein synthesis. 
A)  DNA synthesis. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  a frame shift mutation. 
E)  protein synthesis.

Question 17

One function of sno-RNAs is to process pre-rRNA molecules in the mitochondrion . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is made from DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA only 
B)  mRNA only 
C)  rRNA only 
D)  mRNA and tRNA only 
E)  mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA 
A)  tRNA only 
B)  mRNA only 
C)  rRNA only 
D)  mRNA and tRNA only 
E)  mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of uracil?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has the ability to bond with adenine. 
B)  It has the ability to bond with guanine. 
C)  It is a purine. 
D)  It has the ability to bond with cytosine. 
E)  It contains two nitrogenous rings. 
A)  It has the ability to bond with adenine. 
B)  It has the ability to bond with guanine. 
C)  It is a purine. 
D)  It has the ability to bond with cytosine. 
E)  It contains two nitrogenous rings.

Question 20

During protein synthesis, ribosomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length to produce a polypeptide. 
B)  attach to the DNA molecule and travel along its length to produce an mRNA molecule. 
C)  translate mRNA into tRNA. 
D)  transcribe DNA into mRNA. 
E)  translate tRNA into protein. 
A)  attach to the mRNA molecule and travel along its length to produce a polypeptide. 
B)  attach to the DNA molecule and travel along its length to produce an mRNA molecule. 
C)  translate mRNA into tRNA. 
D)  transcribe DNA into mRNA. 
E)  translate tRNA into protein.

Exam 13: Gene Expression

Ribose differs from deoxyribose by having:

Uracil forms a complementary pair with ____ in RNA and ____ in DNA.

Linus Pauling proposed the one gene - one enzyme hypothesis.

Why is only one strand of DNA transcribed into mRNA?

Retroviruses, such as RNA tumor viruses, use __________ to make DNA from their RNA genomes.

Frameshift mutations result from the:

A(n) nonsense mutation is a base-pair substitution that results in the replacement of one amino acid with another. __________________

Figure 13-1 The experimental design in the accompanying figure was used to examine:

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases link ____ to their respective tRNA molecules by ____ bonds.

What conclusions did Beadle and Tatum reach in their studies of Neurospora ?

In the process of transcription, incoming RNA nucleotides are in their triphosphates form. __________________

Peptidyl transferase, a _____ molecule, catalyzes the formation of _____ between amino acids at the P and A sites.

The enzyme peptidyl transferase catalyzes peptide bond formation during the elongation stage of translation. __________________

A ribosome has one binding site for mRNA and two binding sites for tRNAs. __________________

Figure 13-3 The process illustrated in the accompanying figure is:

One function of sno-RNAs is to process pre-rRNA molecules in the mitochondrion . __________________

Which of the following is made from DNA?

Which of the following is a characteristic of uracil?

During protein synthesis, ribosomes:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Uracil forms a complementary pair with in RNA and in DNA.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases link to their respective tRNA molecules by bonds.

Peptidyl transferase, a _ molecule, catalyzes the formation of _ between amino acids at the P and A sites.