Exam 13: The Costs of Production

Suppose that a firm's long-run average total costs of producing hand-crafted chairs is $300 when it produces 10,000 chairs and $325 when it produces 11,000 chairs. For this range of output, the firm is likely experiencing

Figure 13-7 -Refer to Figure 13-7. Which of the figures represents the total cost curve for a typical firm?

Riva crafts and sells hard cider as a part-time job. She can bottle and sell four cases in a week. She is considering hiring her friend Atul to help her. Atul can bottle and sell three cases per week. What is the maximum total output possible if Riva hires Atul?

There is general agreement among economists that the long-run time period exceeds one year.

Suppose that a firm has only one variable input, labor, and firm output is zero when labor is zero. When the firm hires 6 workers the firm produces 90 units of output. Fixed costs of production are $6 and the variable cost per unit of labor is $10. The marginal product of the seventh unit of labor is 4. Given this information, what is the marginal cost of production when the firm hires the 7th worker?

Jaxon borrows $10,000 from a bank and withdraws $20,000 from his personal savings to open a tattoo parlor. The interest rate is 3 percent for both the bank loan and his personal savings. Jaxon also quit his job as a waiter, which paid $20,000. According to an economist, Jaxon's opportunity cost of opening the tattoo parlor equals $20,900.

Scenario 13-8 Wanda owns a lemonade stand. She produces lemonade using five inputs: water, sugar, lemons, paper cups, and labor. Her costs per glass are as follows: $0.01 for water, $0.02 for sugar, $0.03 for lemons, $0.02 for cups, and $0.10 for the opportunity cost of her labor. She can sell 300 glasses for $0.50 each. -Refer to Scenario 13-8. What are Wanda's total economic costs per glass?

If Franco's Pizza Parlor knows that the marginal cost of the 500^th pizza is $3.50 and that the average total cost of making 499 pizzas is $3.30, then

A second or third worker may have a higher marginal product than the first worker in certain circumstances.

Ryan sells 200 plastic ball point pens at $0.50 each. His total costs are $25. His profits are

Let L represent the number of workers hired by a firm, and let Q represent that firm's quantity of output. Assume two points on the firm's production function are (L=6,Q=147) and (L=7,Q=184). The marginal product of the seventh worker is

Jacqui decides to open her own business and earns $50,000 in accounting profit the first year. When deciding to open her own business, she withdrew $20,000 from her savings, which earned 5 percent interest. She also turned down three separate job offers with annual salaries of $30,000, $40,000, and $45,000. What is Jacqui's economic profit from running her own business?

If the average-total-cost curve is falling, then the marginal-cost curve must also be falling.

If marginal cost is rising,

Scenario 13-2 Chelsea wants to start her own Christmas ornament business. She can purchase a suitable factory that costs $100,000. Chelsea currently has $150,000 in the bank earning 3 percent interest per year. -Refer to Scenario 13-2. Suppose Chelsea purchases the factory using $50,000 of her own money and $50,000 borrowed from a bank at an interest rate of 6 percent. What is Chelsea's annual opportunity cost of purchasing the factory?

​If an industry exhibits economies of scale, one larger firm may be able to produce goods at a lower long-run average cost than two smaller firms.

Randy is a minor-league baseball player. His current cumulative batting average is 0.270. Randy believes that if he can raise his cumulative batting average to 0.300, he will have a chance to play in the major leagues. Which of the following statements is correct?

Table 13-17 Consider the following table of long-run total cost for four different firms: -Refer to Table 13-17. Which firm's long-run marginal cost decreases as output increases?

In the long run, a factory is usually considered a fixed input.

Diseconomies of scale occur when