Question 1

Exhibit 29-5
Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s):  
-Refer to Exhibit 29-5.This reaction is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) an aldol reaction. 
B) a Claisen reaction. 
C) a reverse Claisen reaction. 
D) a retro aldol reaction. 
A) an aldol reaction. 
B) a Claisen reaction. 
C) a reverse Claisen reaction. 
D) a retro aldol reaction.

Question 2

Draw the structure of the product formed on the transamination of the following substance.Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are labeled.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw the structure of the product formed...

Question 3

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) citric acid cycle 
C) β-oxidation 
D) gluconeogenesis 
A) glycolysis 
B) citric acid cycle 
C) β-oxidation 
D) gluconeogenesis

Question 4

Exhibit 29-1
MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes.
-_____ The pathway by which organisms make glucose from simple precursors.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism

Question 5

During β-oxidation the following reaction occurs.   How many times will this reaction occur for the following acid? Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are labeled.

Accepted Answer

A) 8 
B) 9 
C) 16 
D) 18 
A) 8 
B) 9 
C) 16 
D) 18

Question 6

Exhibit 29-1
MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes.
-_____ Acetyl groups are oxidized to yield carbon dioxide and water.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism

Question 7

Exhibit 29-1
MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes.
-_____ The product of the citric acid cycle,which is a reactant in the first step.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism

Question 8

Which of the following does not represent a correct relationship in catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 9

Exhibit 29-1
MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes.
-_____ The "energy currency" of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism 
A) electron-transport chain 
B)   
C) citric acid cycle 
D) Embden-Meyerhoff 
E) glycolysis
F) 
G)Hans Krebs
H)catabolism
I)ATP
J) 
K)fatty acid spiral
L)anabolism
M)acetyl CoA
N) 
O) 
P)gluconeogenesis
Q)metabolism

Question 10

The following reaction occurs in the citric acid cycle.   Draw the structure of the product.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following reaction occurs in the citric...

Question 11

Phosphoenolpyruvate could undergo hydrolysis to form pyruvate and hydrogen phosphate.This reaction could be represented as shown below.(ΔG°' = -61.9 kJ/mol)   This reaction can be used to phosphorylate ADP.Write the net reaction when this reaction is coupled with ADP phosphorylation and calculate ΔG°' for the reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phosphoenolpyruvate could undergo hydrolysis to form pyruvate...

Question 12

Exhibit 29-2
Use the data below to answer the following question(s):
Under certain metabolic conditions associated with a high rate of fatty acid oxidation,the liver produces considerable quantities of acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate.Acetoacetate continually undergoes spontaneous decarboxylation to yield acetone.The interrelationship of these compounds is shown below.  
-Refer to Exhibit 29-2.The reduction of acetoacetate to β-hydroxybutyrate is analogous to the hydride reductions of ketones studied in Chapter 9.Write the mechanism of this reduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 29-2
Use the data below to answer...

Question 13

Which of the following does not correctly describe a stage of metabolism in humans?

Accepted Answer

A) first stage: ester and peptide bond broken 
B) first stage: fatty acids and simple sugars degraded in cytoplasm 
C) second stage: produces acetyl groups 
D) third stage: involves the citric acid cycle 
A) first stage: ester and peptide bond broken 
B) first stage: fatty acids and simple sugars degraded in cytoplasm 
C) second stage: produces acetyl groups 
D) third stage: involves the citric acid cycle

Question 14

Exhibit 29-3
Use the data below to answer the following question(s).
Mevalonate is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.This six-carbon compound can be formed from acetyl CoA utilizing two separate pathways.The most significant one involves the intermediate β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA.  
-Refer to Exhibit 29-3.Propose a mechanism for step 2 of the mevalonate biosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 29-3
Use the data below to answer...

Question 15

Exhibit 29-4
Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s):  
-Refer to Exhibit 29-4.Write the mechanism for this isomerization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 29-4
Consider the reaction below to answer...

Question 16

Fatty acids always have an even number of carbon atoms.Explain.

Accepted Answer

Biosynthesis of fatty acids oc

Question 17

Exhibit 29-4
Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s):  
-Refer to Exhibit 29-4.This reaction proceeds through a common enol structure.Draw the structure of the glucose/fructose enol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exhibit 29-4
Consider the reaction below to answer...

Question 18

Consider the following conversion that occurs in the citric acid cycle.   What formula should be placed at the tail of the arrow?

Accepted Answer

A) FADH2 
B) FAD 
C) NAD+ 
D) NADH 
A) FADH2 
B) FAD 
C) NAD+ 
D) NADH

Question 19

During the synthesis of fatty acids,the following substance is formed by two pathways.   Draw the structure(s) of the starting material(s) for each path?

Accepted Answer

The ubiqui

Question 20

Consider the following reaction:   Which of the following reactions per mole could not be driven by the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 12.6 kJ/mol 
B) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 22.5 kJ/mol 
C) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 29.6 kJ/mol 
D) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 40.6 kJ/mol 
A) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 12.6 kJ/mol 
B) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 22.5 kJ/mol 
C) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 29.6 kJ/mol 
D) Reaction 1: ΔG°' = 40.6 kJ/mol

Exam 29: The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Exhibit 29-5 Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 29-5.This reaction is an example of:

Draw the structure of the product formed on the transamination of the following substance.Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are labeled.

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ The pathway by which organisms make glucose from simple precursors.

During β-oxidation the following reaction occurs. How many times will this reaction occur for the following acid? Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are labeled.

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ Acetyl groups are oxidized to yield carbon dioxide and water.

Which of the following does not represent a correct relationship in catabolism?

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ The "energy currency" of the cell.

The following reaction occurs in the citric acid cycle. Draw the structure of the product.

Which of the following does not correctly describe a stage of metabolism in humans?

Exhibit 29-4 Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 29-4.Write the mechanism for this isomerization.

Fatty acids always have an even number of carbon atoms.Explain.

Exhibit 29-4 Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 29-4.This reaction proceeds through a common enol structure.Draw the structure of the glucose/fructose enol.

Consider the following conversion that occurs in the citric acid cycle. What formula should be placed at the tail of the arrow?

During the synthesis of fatty acids,the following substance is formed by two pathways. Draw the structure(s) of the starting material(s) for each path?

Consider the following reaction: Which of the following reactions per mole could not be driven by the hydrolysis of ATP?

Structure and Bonding

Polar Covalent Bonds;acids and Bases

Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Organic Compounds: Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers

An Overview of Organic Reactions

Par 1

Alkenes: Structure and Reactivity

Alkenes: Reactions and Synthesis

Alkynes: an Introduction to Organic Synthesis

Organohalides

Reactions of Alkyl Halides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations

Par 2

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry and Infrared Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Conjugated Compounds and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Par 3

Benzene and Aromaticity

Chemistry of Benzene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

Alcohols and Phenols

Ethers and Epoxides;thiols and Sulfides

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Par 4

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Condensation Reactions

Par 5

Amines and Heterocycles

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates

Biomolecules: Amino Acids,peptides,and Proteins

Par 7

Biomolecules: Lipids

Biomolecules: Nucleic Acids

Orbitals and Organic Chemistry: Pericyclic Reactions

Synthetic Polymers

Par 1

Filters