Exam 29: The Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ Pyridoxal phosphate,the cofactor in transaminations.

Phosphoenolpyruvate could undergo hydrolysis to form pyruvate and hydrogen phosphate.This reaction could be represented as shown below.This reaction can be coupled to the phosphorylation of ADP. The product exists as tautomers.Draw their structures.

Exhibit 29-5 Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 29-5.Draw arrows on the structure below showing electron flow in this reaction.

In which of the following steps of glycolysis is ATP produced?

During the synthesis of fatty acids,the following sequence occurs.Draw the products presented by the question marks and identify the type of reaction.

What is the structure of the α-keto acid formed by transamination of the amino acid isoleucine?

What type of high energy bonds are found in ATP and ADP?

During β-oxidation the following reaction occurs.What type of reaction is this?

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ Pathways that synthesize larger biomolecules from smaller ones.

Which of the following statements about ATP is false?

Exhibit 29-3 Use the data below to answer the following question(s). Mevalonate is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.This six-carbon compound can be formed from acetyl CoA utilizing two separate pathways.The most significant one involves the intermediate β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA. -Refer to Exhibit 29-3.In step 2 of the mevalonate biosynthesis,acetoacetyl CoA is converted into β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA.This reaction is analogous to:

Draw the structure of the amino acid that is the precursor to the substance shown below.Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are labeled.

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ Common fatty acids have an even number of carbons because they are biosynthesized from _____.

Which of the following statements about anabolism is false?

Consider the following reaction: Hydrolysis of which of the following biomolecules could drive the formation of ATP?

Exhibit 29-1 MATCH a term or structure from the list below to each of the following definitions or names.Place the letter of the term or structure in the blank to the left of the definition or name which it describes. -_____ Discoverers of the glycolysis pathway.

Exhibit 29-2 Use the data below to answer the following question(s): Under certain metabolic conditions associated with a high rate of fatty acid oxidation,the liver produces considerable quantities of acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate.Acetoacetate continually undergoes spontaneous decarboxylation to yield acetone.The interrelationship of these compounds is shown below. -Refer to Exhibit 29-2.The reduction of acetoacetate to β-hydroxybutyrate is an example of a:

Exhibit 29-3 Use the data below to answer the following question(s). Mevalonate is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.This six-carbon compound can be formed from acetyl CoA utilizing two separate pathways.The most significant one involves the intermediate β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA. -Refer to Exhibit 29-3.What is the by-product represented as a question mark (?) in each step of this reaction sequence?

Exhibit 29-4 Consider the reaction below to answer the following question(s): -Refer to Exhibit 29-4.The isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate is an example of:

The transformation of FAD to FADH₂ accompanies which of the following types of reactions?