Exam 12: Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamine, and Related Drugs

Describe the inverted U-shape function of catecholamine release/activity ascribed to the prefrontal cortex and cognitive functioning and indicate how various ADHD medications can optimize this system.

Which of the following is an effect of low to moderate doses of cocaine?

Which evidence supports the finding that the NAcc shell is closely associated with psychostimulant-related reward and reinforcement and the NAcc core is closely related to psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion?

Describe the historical use of cocaine in its natural form (chewing leaves), in beverages, and as treatments for various ailments. How did cocaine use change in the twentieth century?

Which factor is not important for determining the drug user's "high," according to imaging studies?

Amphetamine and methamphetamine affect synaptic transmission by

Describe the difference between psychostimulant tolerance and sensitization, indicate what patterns of drug exposure cause one or the other to occur, and identify the two phases of sensitization.

In experiments on rats, how did binging on self-administered of MDPV affect the rats' brains?

Compared to opioid and alcohol withdrawal, methamphetamine withdrawal symptoms are _______ severe and the drive to obtain more drug is due its _______ effects.

Cocaine use in the twentieth century

Describe the neurochemical effects of methylphenidate. Based on these effects, is methylphenidate more similar to cocaine or to amphetamine in its mechanism of action?

The approach of a contingency management program involves reducing _______ while increasing _______, and is based on the idea that drug-taking is an operant response.