Question 1

FAD becomes oxidized when it accepts hydrogen atoms and their electrons. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Select the hydrogen acceptor molecule that stores electrons in the process of photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) 
B)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) 
C)  flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  
D)  adenine triphosphate (ATP) 
E)  adenine diphosphate (ADP) 
A)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) 
B)  nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) 
C)  flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  
D)  adenine triphosphate (ATP) 
E)  adenine diphosphate (ADP)

Question 3

What process occurs when complex molecules are synthesized from simpler substances?

Accepted Answer

A)  anabolism 
B)  catabolism 
C)  metabolism 
D)  condensation 
E)  phosphorylation 
A)  anabolism 
B)  catabolism 
C)  metabolism 
D)  condensation 
E)  phosphorylation

Question 4

How does the ability of ATP to transfer a phosphate group make it pivotal in the overall energy metabolism of a cell?

Accepted Answer

When ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP + P_i, energ

Question 5

The transfer of electrons from one compound to another is equivalent to ____ transfer.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat 
B)  energy 
C)  oxygen 
D)  enzymatic 
E)  phosphorus 
A)  heat 
B)  energy 
C)  oxygen 
D)  enzymatic 
E)  phosphorus

Question 6

An enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction it catalyzes. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to the second law of thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy available to do work in the universe ____ over time.

Accepted Answer

A)  crashes 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases 
D)  stays constant 
E)  exponentially increases 
A)  crashes 
B)  decreases 
C)  increases 
D)  stays constant 
E)  exponentially increases

Question 8

The conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides is an example of a(n) anabolic reaction. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  When energy is used, it is irreplaceable. 
B)  Matter can be converted into energy. 
C)  The amount of energy in the universe is constant. 
D)  Energy can be converted from one form to another. 
E)  Energy can be transferred from one form to another. 
A)  When energy is used, it is irreplaceable. 
B)  Matter can be converted into energy. 
C)  The amount of energy in the universe is constant. 
D)  Energy can be converted from one form to another. 
E)  Energy can be transferred from one form to another.

Question 10

Suppose the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products. Such a reaction is referred to as a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  entropic reaction. 
B)  endergonic reaction. 
C)  exergonic reaction. 
D)  catabolic reaction. 
E)  activation reaction. 
A)  entropic reaction. 
B)  endergonic reaction. 
C)  exergonic reaction. 
D)  catabolic reaction. 
E)  activation reaction.

Question 11

Because enzymes affect the speed of chemical reactions without being consumed, they are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  catalysts. 
B)  cytochromes. 
C)  activation energy. 
D)  hydrogen acceptors. 
E)  transformation proteins. 
A)  catalysts. 
B)  cytochromes. 
C)  activation energy. 
D)  hydrogen acceptors. 
E)  transformation proteins.

Question 12

Compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy. Give two examples that clarify the differences between the two.

Accepted Answer

Potential and kinetic are both forms of

Question 13

Why are enzymes considered important biological catalysts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes lower the entropy of a biochemical reaction. 
B)  Enzymes decrease the enthalpy of a biochemical reaction. 
C)  Enzymes increase the free energy of a biochemical reaction. 
D)  Enzymes supply the energy to initiate a biochemical reaction. 
E)  Enzymes lower the activation energy of a biochemical reaction. 
A)  Enzymes lower the entropy of a biochemical reaction. 
B)  Enzymes decrease the enthalpy of a biochemical reaction. 
C)  Enzymes increase the free energy of a biochemical reaction. 
D)  Enzymes supply the energy to initiate a biochemical reaction. 
E)  Enzymes lower the activation energy of a biochemical reaction.

Question 14

The maintenance of a high ATP to ADP ratio within cells ensures that the:

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be strongly exergonic. 
B)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly exergonic. 
C)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly endergonic. 
D)  hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be an energy releasing reaction. 
E)  conversion of ADP to ATP will proceed spontaneously. 
A)  hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be strongly exergonic. 
B)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly exergonic. 
C)  hydrolysis of ATP to ADP will be strongly endergonic. 
D)  hydrolysis of ADP to ATP will be an energy releasing reaction. 
E)  conversion of ADP to ATP will proceed spontaneously.

Question 15

Scientists usually name enzymes by adding what suffix to the name of the substrate with which the enzyme is associated?

Accepted Answer

A)  -ase 
B)  -tic 
C)  -yst 
D)  -lose 
E)  -ator 
A)  -ase 
B)  -tic 
C)  -yst 
D)  -lose 
E)  -ator

Question 16

In the equation H = G + TS , the H stands for free energy . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

An organism can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings. Thus, any change in an organism's energy content must be balanced by a corresponding change in the energy content of the surroundings. As such, an organism is referred to as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  closed system. 
B)  open system. 
C)  dynamic system. 
D)  potential system. 
E)  thermally reactive system. 
A)  closed system. 
B)  open system. 
C)  dynamic system. 
D)  potential system. 
E)  thermally reactive system.

Question 18

What unit is used to measure the thermal energy that flows from an object of a higher temperature to an object of a lower temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  kilograms 
B)  kilometers 
C)  kilowatts 
D)  kilocalories 
E)  kilojoules 
A)  kilograms 
B)  kilometers 
C)  kilowatts 
D)  kilocalories 
E)  kilojoules

Question 19

A(n) exergonic reaction results in a net gain of free energy. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A(n) closed system does not exchange energy with its surroundings. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Energy and Metabolism

FAD becomes oxidized when it accepts hydrogen atoms and their electrons. __________________

Select the hydrogen acceptor molecule that stores electrons in the process of photosynthesis.

What process occurs when complex molecules are synthesized from simpler substances?

How does the ability of ATP to transfer a phosphate group make it pivotal in the overall energy metabolism of a cell?

The transfer of electrons from one compound to another is equivalent to ____ transfer.

An enzyme raises the activation energy of the reaction it catalyzes. __________________

According to the second law of thermodynamics, the amount of usable energy available to do work in the universe ____ over time.

The conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides is an example of a(n) anabolic reaction. __________________

Which of the following statements is contrary to the first law of thermodynamics?

Suppose the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products. Such a reaction is referred to as a(n) ____.

Because enzymes affect the speed of chemical reactions without being consumed, they are referred to as:

Compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy. Give two examples that clarify the differences between the two.

Why are enzymes considered important biological catalysts?

The maintenance of a high ATP to ADP ratio within cells ensures that the:

Scientists usually name enzymes by adding what suffix to the name of the substrate with which the enzyme is associated?

In the equation H = G + TS , the H stands for free energy . __________________

An organism can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings. Thus, any change in an organism's energy content must be balanced by a corresponding change in the energy content of the surroundings. As such, an organism is referred to as a(n):

What unit is used to measure the thermal energy that flows from an object of a higher temperature to an object of a lower temperature?

A(n) exergonic reaction results in a net gain of free energy. __________________

A(n) closed system does not exchange energy with its surroundings. __________________

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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