Question 1

Which of the following describes how facilitated diffusion is powered?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is required directly. 
B)  Facilitated diffusion is "free of cost." 
C)  Facilitated diffusion is powered by endocytosis. 
D)  The sodium-potassium pump powers facilitated diffusion. 
E)  Energy is required to do the work of establishing and maintaining a concentration gradient. 
A)  ATP is required directly. 
B)  Facilitated diffusion is "free of cost." 
C)  Facilitated diffusion is powered by endocytosis. 
D)  The sodium-potassium pump powers facilitated diffusion. 
E)  Energy is required to do the work of establishing and maintaining a concentration gradient.

Question 2

A patient who has had a severe hemorrhage accidentally receives a large transfusion of distilled water directly into a major blood vessel. What effect will this have on the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of bacteria. 
B)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because there would be too much fluid to pump. 
C)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because the red blood cells could shrink. 
D)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because the red blood cells could swell and burst. 
E)  It will have no serious effect because the kidney could quickly eliminate excess water. 
A)  It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of bacteria. 
B)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because there would be too much fluid to pump. 
C)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because the red blood cells could shrink. 
D)  It will have serious, perhaps fatal consequences because the red blood cells could swell and burst. 
E)  It will have no serious effect because the kidney could quickly eliminate excess water.

Question 3

If the concentration of solutes in a cell is less than the concentration of solutes in the surrounding fluid, then the extracellular fluid is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  stable. 
B)  isotonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  hypertonic. 
E)  amphipathic. 
A)  stable. 
B)  isotonic. 
C)  hypotonic. 
D)  hypertonic. 
E)  amphipathic.

Question 4

Biological membranes are one dimensional fluids. 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Since sodium-potassium pumps transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into a cell, what type of carrier proteins are they?

Accepted Answer

A)  ion pumps 
B)  uniporters 
C)  symporters 
D)  antiporters 
E)  ABC transporter 
A)  ion pumps 
B)  uniporters 
C)  symporters 
D)  antiporters 
E)  ABC transporter

Question 6

What type of cellular junction cements cells together that use cadherins as a belt around each cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  desmosomes 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  tight junctions 
D)  plasmodesmata 
E)  adhering junctions 
A)  desmosomes 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  tight junctions 
D)  plasmodesmata 
E)  adhering junctions

Question 7

Which molecule is least likely to cross a cellular membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  potassium ion 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  water 
B)  oxygen 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  potassium ion 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 8

Figure 5-2   Consider the cellular process illustrated in the accompanying figure. What substance would most likely be used to transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  bacteria 
C)  hormones 
D)  potassium ions 
E)  carbon dioxide 
A)  glucose 
B)  bacteria 
C)  hormones 
D)  potassium ions 
E)  carbon dioxide

Question 9

You light a scented candle in the guest bathroom. Within a few minutes you can already smell the candle's scent throughout the hallway. What process is occurring?

Accepted Answer

A)  dialysis 
B)  osmosis 
C)  simple diffusion 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  dialysis 
B)  osmosis 
C)  simple diffusion 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 10

Which statement best describes the activity of the sodium-potassium pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  It transports hydrogen ions out of the cell. 
B)  It transports water directly out of the cell. 
C)  It transports 2 sodium ions into the cell in exchange for 3 potassium ions. 
D)  It transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions. 
E)  It transports 2 sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions. 
A)  It transports hydrogen ions out of the cell. 
B)  It transports water directly out of the cell. 
C)  It transports 2 sodium ions into the cell in exchange for 3 potassium ions. 
D)  It transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions. 
E)  It transports 2 sodium ions out of the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions.

Question 11

Compare and contrast simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.

Accepted Answer

Simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitat

Question 12

Describe some of the various activities performed by membrane proteins in multicellular organisms.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Formatio

Question 13

Peripheral proteins are linked to either surface of the plasma membrane by:

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent disulfide bonds. 
B)  associating with fatty acids through hydrophobic interactions. 
C)  associating with glycoproteins on the inner membrane surface. 
D)  bonding to integral proteins through noncovalent interactions. 
E)  embedding in one side of the membrane and, thus, not extending through to the other side. 
A)  covalent disulfide bonds. 
B)  associating with fatty acids through hydrophobic interactions. 
C)  associating with glycoproteins on the inner membrane surface. 
D)  bonding to integral proteins through noncovalent interactions. 
E)  embedding in one side of the membrane and, thus, not extending through to the other side.

Question 14

What happens during the cotransport of glucose and sodium ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The transport of glucose powers the transport of sodium. 
B)  ATP causes a conformational change in the carrier protein. 
C)  Both D and E 
D)  Glucose molecules are transported against their concentration gradient. 
E)  Sodium ions are transported against their concentration gradient. 
A)  The transport of glucose powers the transport of sodium. 
B)  ATP causes a conformational change in the carrier protein. 
C)  Both D and E 
D)  Glucose molecules are transported against their concentration gradient. 
E)  Sodium ions are transported against their concentration gradient.

Question 15

A person has a genetic disease that prevents the phospholipids in the plasma membrane of the white blood cells from freely fusing with the other membranes within the cell. How would this disease affect phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endocytosis would not occur. 
B)  Lysosomes would not be formed. 
C)  Facilitated diffusion would not occur. 
D)  Lysosomes would be formed lacking hydrolytic enzymes. 
E)  The phagocytic vacuole would not fuse with the lysosome. 
A)  Endocytosis would not occur. 
B)  Lysosomes would not be formed. 
C)  Facilitated diffusion would not occur. 
D)  Lysosomes would be formed lacking hydrolytic enzymes. 
E)  The phagocytic vacuole would not fuse with the lysosome.

Question 16

LDL cholesterol is taken into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis . 
__________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What will happen to a plant cell if placed in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will swell slightly. 
B)  The cell will undergo lysis. 
C)  The cell will become crenated. 
D)  The cell will remain unchanged. 
E)  The cell will undergo plasmolysis. 
A)  The cell will swell slightly. 
B)  The cell will undergo lysis. 
C)  The cell will become crenated. 
D)  The cell will remain unchanged. 
E)  The cell will undergo plasmolysis.

Question 18

What does an ABC transporter use to transport larger ions and molecules across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  water 
C)  porins 
D)  signals 
E)  tunnels 
A)  ATP 
B)  water 
C)  porins 
D)  signals 
E)  tunnels

Question 19

Figure 5-3   In the accompanying figure, what is the form of cellular junction?

Accepted Answer

A)  desmosomes 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  tight junctions 
D)  plasmodesmata 
E)  adhering junctions 
A)  desmosomes 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  tight junctions 
D)  plasmodesmata 
E)  adhering junctions

Question 20

The role of ATP in the sodium-potassium pump is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer NA + to the inside of a cell. 
B)  assist a NA + to bind to a carbohydrate. 
C)  transfer NA + to the outside of a cell. 
D)  assist a cell to release NA + by exocytosis. 
E)  assist a cell to take up NA + by endocytosis. 
A)  transfer NA + to the inside of a cell. 
B)  assist a NA + to bind to a carbohydrate. 
C)  transfer NA + to the outside of a cell. 
D)  assist a cell to release NA + by exocytosis. 
E)  assist a cell to take up NA + by endocytosis.

Exam 5: Biological Membranes

Which of the following describes how facilitated diffusion is powered?

A patient who has had a severe hemorrhage accidentally receives a large transfusion of distilled water directly into a major blood vessel. What effect will this have on the patient?

If the concentration of solutes in a cell is less than the concentration of solutes in the surrounding fluid, then the extracellular fluid is said to be:

Biological membranes are one dimensional fluids. __________________

Since sodium-potassium pumps transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into a cell, what type of carrier proteins are they?

What type of cellular junction cements cells together that use cadherins as a belt around each cell?

Which molecule is least likely to cross a cellular membrane by simple diffusion?

Figure 5-2 Consider the cellular process illustrated in the accompanying figure. What substance would most likely be used to transport?

You light a scented candle in the guest bathroom. Within a few minutes you can already smell the candle's scent throughout the hallway. What process is occurring?

Which statement best describes the activity of the sodium-potassium pump?

Compare and contrast simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion.

Describe some of the various activities performed by membrane proteins in multicellular organisms.

Peripheral proteins are linked to either surface of the plasma membrane by:

What happens during the cotransport of glucose and sodium ions?

A person has a genetic disease that prevents the phospholipids in the plasma membrane of the white blood cells from freely fusing with the other membranes within the cell. How would this disease affect phagocytosis?

LDL cholesterol is taken into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis . __________________

What will happen to a plant cell if placed in a hypertonic solution?

What does an ABC transporter use to transport larger ions and molecules across the cell membrane?

Figure 5-3 In the accompanying figure, what is the form of cellular junction?

The role of ATP in the sodium-potassium pump is to:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

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