Question 1

Figure 43-2   The structures labeled as 2 in the accompanying figure are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ampullae. 
B)  cochleae. 
C)  utricles. 
D)  semicircular canals. 
E)  bony labyrinth. 
A)  ampullae. 
B)  cochleae. 
C)  utricles. 
D)  semicircular canals. 
E)  bony labyrinth.

Question 2

Discuss how a rod responds differently in the light than in the dark.

Accepted Answer

This comparison is p

Question 3

Figure 43-3   In the accompanying figure, the basilar membrane is labeled as:

Accepted Answer

A)  4. 
B)  5. 
C)  6. 
D)  7. 
E)  8. 
A)  4. 
B)  5. 
C)  6. 
D)  7. 
E)  8.

Question 4

Figure 43-3   Which portion of the accompanying figure would be connected to the oval window of the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  8 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  8

Question 5

Considering that all action potentials are essentially the same, how do we differentiate visual from auditory stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amplitude of each action potential is specific for different stimuli. 
B)  The length of time each stimulus takes to travel to the brain varies. 
C)  Receptor potentials are graded. 
D)  Each type of sensory receptor transmits to a specific area of the brain. 
E)  The frequency of action potentials is characteristic of the specific neuron. 
A)  The amplitude of each action potential is specific for different stimuli. 
B)  The length of time each stimulus takes to travel to the brain varies. 
C)  Receptor potentials are graded. 
D)  Each type of sensory receptor transmits to a specific area of the brain. 
E)  The frequency of action potentials is characteristic of the specific neuron.

Question 6

What type of signal transduction process is first initiated when an odorant binds with a receptor on a cilium of an olfactory receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ionotropic receptors lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
B)  G protein receptors lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
C)  Ca2+ gated chloride channels lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
D)  Ionotropic receptors lead to the activation of G proteins. 
E)  Cyclic AMP gated channels lead to the activation of G proteins. 
A)  Ionotropic receptors lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
B)  G protein receptors lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
C)  Ca2+ gated chloride channels lead to the synthesis of cyclic AMP. 
D)  Ionotropic receptors lead to the activation of G proteins. 
E)  Cyclic AMP gated channels lead to the activation of G proteins.

Question 7

Which group of receptors is most important in helping a diver maintain an upright position while exploring a dark passageway in an underwater shipwreck?

Accepted Answer

A)  proprioceptors 
B)  nociceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  electroreceptors 
A)  proprioceptors 
B)  nociceptors 
C)  chemoreceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  electroreceptors

Question 8

Lateral line organs allow:

Accepted Answer

A)  invertebrates to detect gravity. 
B)  humans to perform skillful acts with their eyes closed. 
C)  amphibians to detect light. 
D)  fish to detect vibrations in water. 
E)  birds to detect sound waves. 
A)  invertebrates to detect gravity. 
B)  humans to perform skillful acts with their eyes closed. 
C)  amphibians to detect light. 
D)  fish to detect vibrations in water. 
E)  birds to detect sound waves.

Question 9

You observe a group of fish turn almost simultaneously in the same direction. Which receptors are they using?

Accepted Answer

A)  lateral line organs 
B)  otoliths 
C)  cristae 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  statocysts 
A)  lateral line organs 
B)  otoliths 
C)  cristae 
D)  stereocilia 
E)  statocysts

Question 10

Sensory neurons release glutamate and neuropeptides such as ____ to enhance the effect of glutamate.

Accepted Answer

A)  GABA 
B)  substance P 
C)  serotonin 
D)  norepinephrine 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  GABA 
B)  substance P 
C)  serotonin 
D)  norepinephrine 
E)  epinephrine

Question 11

Some species of sharks, rays, and bony fish sense the movement of prey through the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  electroreceptors. 
B)  mechanoreceptors. 
C)  thermoreceptors. 
D)  interoceptors. 
E)  nociceptors. 
A)  electroreceptors. 
B)  mechanoreceptors. 
C)  thermoreceptors. 
D)  interoceptors. 
E)  nociceptors.

Question 12

A person can discriminate loud sound from a soft sound because a loud sound:

Accepted Answer

A)  is sent to a different area of the brain than a soft sound. 
B)  produces a strong graded potential. 
C)  stimulates a greater number of hair cells. 
D)  stimulates the hair cells more intensely. 
E)  has a different vibration frequency than that of a soft sound. 
A)  is sent to a different area of the brain than a soft sound. 
B)  produces a strong graded potential. 
C)  stimulates a greater number of hair cells. 
D)  stimulates the hair cells more intensely. 
E)  has a different vibration frequency than that of a soft sound.

Question 13

Bats, by emitting high-pitched sounds, can detect distant objects via:

Accepted Answer

A)  olfaction. 
B)  echolocation. 
C)  lateral line organs. 
D)  sensory adaptation. 
E)  ommatidia. 
A)  olfaction. 
B)  echolocation. 
C)  lateral line organs. 
D)  sensory adaptation. 
E)  ommatidia.

Question 14

Two types of eyes that evolved to detect images are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  compound eye of vertebrates and the camera eye of arthropods. 
B)  compound eye of arthropods and the camera eye of vertebrates. 
C)  compound eye of vertebrates and the ocelli eye of arthropods. 
D)  compound eye of arthropods and the ocelli eye of vertebrates. 
E)  ocelli eye of vertebrates and the camera eye of arthropods. 
A)  compound eye of vertebrates and the camera eye of arthropods. 
B)  compound eye of arthropods and the camera eye of vertebrates. 
C)  compound eye of vertebrates and the ocelli eye of arthropods. 
D)  compound eye of arthropods and the ocelli eye of vertebrates. 
E)  ocelli eye of vertebrates and the camera eye of arthropods.

Question 15

As the result of a genetic mutation, certain strains of mice eat so much that their stomachs burst. Which statement provides the most plausible explanation for why this would happened?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mice were unable to taste the food and therefore, they ate more than a normal amount. 
B)  The mice were given strong antibiotics that interfered with normal intestinal flora. 
C)  The mechanoreceptors of the mice's stomachs were either absent or not functioning. 
D)  The mice were born without proprioceptors. 
E)  The mice's chemoreceptors did not detect the presence of food in their stomachs. 
A)  The mice were unable to taste the food and therefore, they ate more than a normal amount. 
B)  The mice were given strong antibiotics that interfered with normal intestinal flora. 
C)  The mechanoreceptors of the mice's stomachs were either absent or not functioning. 
D)  The mice were born without proprioceptors. 
E)  The mice's chemoreceptors did not detect the presence of food in their stomachs.

Question 16

Figure 43-2   Refer to the accompanying figure. The structures responsible for detecting linear movement relative to the pull of gravity are labeled as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 
B)  4 and 6 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  1 and 6 
E)  4 and 7 
A)  1 and 3 
B)  4 and 6 
C)  3 and 5 
D)  1 and 6 
E)  4 and 7

Question 17

Figure 43-2   The structures labeled as 3 in the accompanying figure are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ampullae. 
B)  cochleae. 
C)  utricles. 
D)  semicircular canals. 
E)  cochlear nerves. 
A)  ampullae. 
B)  cochleae. 
C)  utricles. 
D)  semicircular canals. 
E)  cochlear nerves.

Question 18

Gina comes home to a sink full of dirty dishes and remarks, "Yuck, what a horrible smell!" She then peels an orange and sighs, "On, that smells much better!" What allows Gina to distinguish between the different smells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ channels are activated for pleasant smells; Cl- channels for unpleasant smells. 
B)  The process of sensory adaptation differs from smell to smell. 
C)  The amplitude of an action potential is higher for pleasant smells. 
D)  The combination of activated receptors differs from smell to smell. 
E)  Unpleasant smells activate more receptors than pleasant smells. 
A)  Na+ channels are activated for pleasant smells; Cl- channels for unpleasant smells. 
B)  The process of sensory adaptation differs from smell to smell. 
C)  The amplitude of an action potential is higher for pleasant smells. 
D)  The combination of activated receptors differs from smell to smell. 
E)  Unpleasant smells activate more receptors than pleasant smells.

Question 19

Sound waves travel within the ear and cause hair cells of the organ of Corti to rub against the ____, initiating nerve impulses to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  basement membrane 
B)  basilar membrane 
C)  tectorial membrane 
D)  tympanic membrane 
E)  plasma membrane 
A)  basement membrane 
B)  basilar membrane 
C)  tectorial membrane 
D)  tympanic membrane 
E)  plasma membrane

Question 20

Discuss the function of hair cells as sensory receptors, and identify two different locations and/or organs that utilize these receptors.

Accepted Answer

Hair cells are mechanoreceptors that con

Exam 43: Sensory Systems

Figure 43-2 The structures labeled as 2 in the accompanying figure are the:

Discuss how a rod responds differently in the light than in the dark.

Figure 43-3 In the accompanying figure, the basilar membrane is labeled as:

Figure 43-3 Which portion of the accompanying figure would be connected to the oval window of the cochlea?

Considering that all action potentials are essentially the same, how do we differentiate visual from auditory stimuli?

What type of signal transduction process is first initiated when an odorant binds with a receptor on a cilium of an olfactory receptor?

Which group of receptors is most important in helping a diver maintain an upright position while exploring a dark passageway in an underwater shipwreck?

Lateral line organs allow:

You observe a group of fish turn almost simultaneously in the same direction. Which receptors are they using?

Sensory neurons release glutamate and neuropeptides such as ____ to enhance the effect of glutamate.

Some species of sharks, rays, and bony fish sense the movement of prey through the use of:

A person can discriminate loud sound from a soft sound because a loud sound:

Bats, by emitting high-pitched sounds, can detect distant objects via:

Two types of eyes that evolved to detect images are the:

As the result of a genetic mutation, certain strains of mice eat so much that their stomachs burst. Which statement provides the most plausible explanation for why this would happened?

Figure 43-2 Refer to the accompanying figure. The structures responsible for detecting linear movement relative to the pull of gravity are labeled as ____.

Figure 43-2 The structures labeled as 3 in the accompanying figure are the:

Gina comes home to a sink full of dirty dishes and remarks, "Yuck, what a horrible smell!" She then peels an orange and sighs, "On, that smells much better!" What allows Gina to distinguish between the different smells?

Sound waves travel within the ear and cause hair cells of the organ of Corti to rub against the ____, initiating nerve impulses to the brain.

Discuss the function of hair cells as sensory receptors, and identify two different locations and/or organs that utilize these receptors.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Protection Support and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters