Question 1

Keratin is a mixture of fats and waxes that inhibits growth of harmful bacteria. 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A sprinter would have a high proportion of ____, and a marathon runner would have a high proportion of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  red fibers; white fibers 
B)  fast-oxidative fibers; slow-oxidative fibers 
C)  red fibers; fast-oxidative fibers 
D)  red fibers; slow-oxidative fibers 
E)  slow-oxidative fibers; white fibers 
A)  red fibers; white fibers 
B)  fast-oxidative fibers; slow-oxidative fibers 
C)  red fibers; fast-oxidative fibers 
D)  red fibers; slow-oxidative fibers 
E)  slow-oxidative fibers; white fibers

Question 3

When a motor neuron transmits a message, it releases the neurotransmitter serotonin. ____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Joint capsules are typically reinforced by ligaments. 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Sutures are classified as ____ joints.

Accepted Answer

A)  synovial 
B)  immovable 
C)  slightly movable 
D)  freely movable 
E)  cartilaginous 
A)  synovial 
B)  immovable 
C)  slightly movable 
D)  freely movable 
E)  cartilaginous

Question 6

The repeating units of muscle contraction are called myofibrils . 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Describe the three major types of skeletal muscle fibers found in vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

Three major types of skeletal muscle fib

Question 8

Figure 40-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which region of the skin is composed mainly of collagen fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15 
A)  1 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15

Question 9

The condition that is characterized by the wearing-down of joints due to insufficient cartilage repair is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteopenia. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease. 
A)  osteitis. 
B)  osteoporosis. 
C)  osteopenia. 
D)  osteoarthritis. 
E)  osteon disease.

Question 10

Cardiac muscle fibers are electrically coupled by junctions called intercalated discs. ____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What is a characteristic of a hydrostatic skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrostatic skeletons effectively thicken one part of the body while thinning another. 
B)  Hydrostatic skeletons permit very precise and delicate movements. 
C)  Contractile cells of the hydrostatic skeleton work in an antagonistic fashion. 
D)  Contractile cells of the hydrostatic skeleton work in an agonistic fashion. 
E)  Hydrostatic skeletons do not facilitate movement. 
A)  Hydrostatic skeletons effectively thicken one part of the body while thinning another. 
B)  Hydrostatic skeletons permit very precise and delicate movements. 
C)  Contractile cells of the hydrostatic skeleton work in an antagonistic fashion. 
D)  Contractile cells of the hydrostatic skeleton work in an agonistic fashion. 
E)  Hydrostatic skeletons do not facilitate movement.

Question 12

What is a disadvantage of the exoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)  It cannot be replaced if damaged. 
B)  It must be shed to accommodate growth. 
C)  It is easily penetrated by predators. 
D)  It requires high ATP levels for continuous growth. 
E)  It does not permit movement of the organism. 
A)  It cannot be replaced if damaged. 
B)  It must be shed to accommodate growth. 
C)  It is easily penetrated by predators. 
D)  It requires high ATP levels for continuous growth. 
E)  It does not permit movement of the organism.

Question 13

The main shaft of a long bone is known as the epiphysis . 
____________________

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A single, quick contraction of skeletal muscle is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  simple twitch. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  pulse contraction. 
D)  red fiber contraction. 
E)  white fiber contraction. 
A)  simple twitch. 
B)  tetanus. 
C)  pulse contraction. 
D)  red fiber contraction. 
E)  white fiber contraction.

Question 15

A person with fair skin produces less ____ than a person with dark skin.

Accepted Answer

A)  sebum 
B)  keratin 
C)  melanin 
D)  melatonin 
E)  myosin 
A)  sebum 
B)  keratin 
C)  melanin 
D)  melatonin 
E)  myosin

Question 16

Sketch and label a cross-section through the human skin. Describe two differences that would occur if the skin were exposed to UV radiation.

Accepted Answer

The sketch should resemble Fig

Question 17

Briefly describe the sequence of events that take place in muscle contraction.

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: Motor neuron relea

Question 18

Figure 40-1   Refer to the accompanying figure. Which structure of the skin represents the sweat gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15 
A)  1 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  14 
E)  15

Question 19

Generally, movements are accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a single muscle exerting a pulling force only. 
B)  a single muscle exerting a pushing force only. 
C)  groups of muscles opposing the actions of one another. 
D)  groups of muscles collectively exerting pulling forces only. 
E)  groups of muscles collectively exerting pushing forces only. 
A)  a single muscle exerting a pulling force only. 
B)  a single muscle exerting a pushing force only. 
C)  groups of muscles opposing the actions of one another. 
D)  groups of muscles collectively exerting pulling forces only. 
E)  groups of muscles collectively exerting pushing forces only.

Question 20

Figure 40-3   The portion of the bone labeled B in the accompanying is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum. 
B)  diaphysis. 
C)  epiphysis. 
D)  osteon. 
E)  metaphysis.. 
A)  periosteum. 
B)  diaphysis. 
C)  epiphysis. 
D)  osteon. 
E)  metaphysis..

Exam 40: Protection Support and Movement

Keratin is a mixture of fats and waxes that inhibits growth of harmful bacteria. ____________________

A sprinter would have a high proportion of ____, and a marathon runner would have a high proportion of ____.

When a motor neuron transmits a message, it releases the neurotransmitter serotonin. ____________________

Joint capsules are typically reinforced by ligaments. ____________________

Sutures are classified as ____ joints.

The repeating units of muscle contraction are called myofibrils . ____________________

Describe the three major types of skeletal muscle fibers found in vertebrates.

Figure 40-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which region of the skin is composed mainly of collagen fibers?

The condition that is characterized by the wearing-down of joints due to insufficient cartilage repair is called:

Cardiac muscle fibers are electrically coupled by junctions called intercalated discs. ____________________

What is a characteristic of a hydrostatic skeleton?

What is a disadvantage of the exoskeleton?

The main shaft of a long bone is known as the epiphysis . ____________________

A single, quick contraction of skeletal muscle is called a:

A person with fair skin produces less ____ than a person with dark skin.

Sketch and label a cross-section through the human skin. Describe two differences that would occur if the skin were exposed to UV radiation.

Briefly describe the sequence of events that take place in muscle contraction.

Figure 40-1 Refer to the accompanying figure. Which structure of the skin represents the sweat gland?

Generally, movements are accomplished by:

Figure 40-3 The portion of the bone labeled B in the accompanying is called the:

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Dna the Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

Dna Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure Growth and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function an Introduction

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

A sprinter would have a high proportion of , and a marathon runner would have a high proportion of .